LIBRARY 

OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA. 


i  ;  I  KT  OF 


COL.    T.    H 
Class 


48TH  CONGRESS,  )  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES.  (  Ex.  Doc. 

1st  Session.       |  I    No.  64. 


APPROPRIATIONS    AND    EXPENDITURES    FOR    RIVERS    AND    HARBORS. 


'      OfTHt 

MESSAGE 

V  or   jvv> 

X,  r^LI FOSjJi*^ 
FROM 

THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 


TRANSMITTING 


A  communication  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  together  with  a  report  relative  to  the  expenditures  for 

rivers  and  harbors. 


JANUARY  23,  1884.— Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Rivers  and  Harbors  and  ordered  to  be  printed. 


To  the  House  of  Representatives : 

I  transmit  herewith,  in  response  to  the  resolution  of  the  House  dated  January  11, 1883,  a  letter 
dated  the  21st  instant,  from  the  Secretary  of  War,  together  with  a  report  submitted  to  him  by 
the  Chief  of  Engineers,  embodying  the  information,  so  far  as  the  same  can  be  furnished  from  the 
records  of  his  office,  and  a  statement  prepared  in  the  Treasury  Department  respecting  the  expendi- 
tures for  rivers  and  harbors,  called  for  by  the  said  resolution. 

CHESTER  A.  ARTHUR. 
EXECUTIVE  MANSION, 

January  22,  1884. 


WAR  DEPARTMENT, 
Washington  City,  January  14, 1884. 

SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith  a  report  dated  the  llth  instant,  from  the  Chief  of 
Engineers,  embodying  the  information,  so  far  as  the  same  can  be  furnished  from  the  records  of  his 
office,  called  for  by  a  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  dated  January  11,  1883,  as 
follows : 

Resolved,  That  the  President  be  requested  to  transmit  to  the  House  a  statement  showing  the  aggregate  amount 
which  has  been  expended  in  the  improvement  of  rivers  and  harbors  from  the  beginning  of  the  Government  to  the 
present  time,  the  amount  annually  expended,  the  aggregate  and  annual  expenditure  in  the  improvement  of  each 
river  and  each  harbor,  and,  as  far  as  practicable,  the  amount  expended  iu  each  State,  accompanied  by  references  to 
the  laws  authorizing  each  of  such  expenditures,  and  also  a  statement  showing,  in  brief,  what  benefit  to  commerce,  if 
any,  has  resulted  from  each  of  said  expenditures,  and  stating  the  navigable  capacity  of  each  of  said  rivers  and  har- 
bors before  and  after  improvement ;  and  also  to  inform  the  House  whether  any  moneys  have  been  appropriated  or 
expended  in  the  improvement  of  rivers  or  harbors  not  navigable  within  the  legal  definition  of  the  word  navigable  as 
denned  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States;  and  also  to  inform  this  House  whether  any  money  has  been 
appropriated  or  expended  for  the  improvement  of  any  river  or  harbor  not  within  the  United  States,  with  such  other 
information  as  he  may  deem  proper  to  communicate. 

I  also  have  the  honor  to  submit  as  supplemental  to  the  report  of  the  Chief  of  Engineers  a 
statement  prepared  in  the  Treasury  Department  in  relation  to  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors 
from  the  beginning  of  the  Government  to  the  30th  of  June,  1882,  referred  to  by  the  Chief  of 
Engineers,  as  giving  information  not  recorded  in  his  office  prior  to  the  year  1871. 

The  resolution  which  was  referred  by  you  to  this  Department  for  the  desired  information  is 
herewith  returned. 

Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

ROBERT  T.  LINCOLN, 

Secretary  of  War. 
The  PRESIDENT. 


ii         APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

OFFICE  OF  THE  CHIEF  OF  ENGINEERS, 

UNITED  STATES  ARMY, 
Washington,  I).  C.,  January  11,  1884. 

SIR  :  In  reply  to  the  reference  to  this  office  of  the  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
of  January  11, 1883,  requesting  the  President  to  transmit  to  the  House  certain  .specifi.ee!  information 
respecting  the  expenditures  for  river  and  harbor  improvements,  and  the  benefit  to  commerce 
resulting  therefrom,  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  as  regards  the  financial  exhibit  called  for  by 
this  resolution,  the  records  of  this  office  embrace  at  present  only  the  amounts  annually  expended 
on  ea«h  work  of  improvement  since  1871,  with  the  total  expenditure  for  such  works  during  the 
same  period,  and  that  similar  information  covering  in  full  the  period  "from  the  beginning  of  the 
Government"  to  the  date  of  the  resolution  can  only  be  found  in  the  Treasury  Department,  to  which 
the  accounts  of  all  disbursements  are  transmitted  for  settlement  after  examination  in  this  office, 
and  which,  besides,  had.  in  some  cases,  the  control  and  disbursements  of  such  works  in  the  earlier 
days  of  the  Government.  As  supplying,  therefore,  this  information,  I  would  respectfully  refer 
to  Senate  Ex.  Doc.  No.  196,  Forty-seventh  Congress,  first  session,  which  contains,  in  detail,  the 
expenditures  of  the  United  States  from  March  4,  1789,  to  June  30,  1882,  for  public  buildings  and 
other  public  works,  and  for  rivers  and  harbors,  forts,  arsenals  and  armories,  transmitted  to  the 
Senate  by  the  honorable  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  in  compliance  with  the  requirements  of  a 
resolution  of  that  body  of  July  22,  1882.  This  document  shows  "the  aggregate  amount  which  has 
been  expended  in  the  improvement  of  rivers  and  harbors  from  the  beginning  of  the  Government 
(to  June  30,  1882);  the  amount  annually  expended;  the  aggregate  and  annual  expenditure  in  the 
improvement  of  each  river  and  each  harbor,  and  the  amount  expended  in  eacfi  State,  accompanied 
by  references  to  the  laws  authorizing  each  of  such  expenditures,"  and  fully  covers  the  requirements 
of  the  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  January  11,  1883,  up  to  the  above  date,  as 
far  as  relates  to  the  expenditures  of  public  moneys  for  the  purposes  in  question. 

To  comply  with  requirements  contained  in  the  succeeding  part  of  this  resolution,  there  is  trans- 
mitted herewith  "a  statement,  showing  in  brief,"  as  far  as  the  records  of  this  office  will  admit,  an 
account  of  "all  river  and  harbor  improvements  upon  which  public  moneys  have  been  expended," 
with  "the  navigable  capacity  of  each  river  or  harbor  before  and  after  improvement,"  and,  as  far 
as  practicable,  "  the  benefit  to  commerce"  resulting  therefrom. 

In  this  statement,  the  several  public  works  are  arranged  in  the  order  in  use  in  this  office,  as 
follows : 

1.  Harbors  and  rivers  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  and 

2.  On  the  Gulf  of  Mexico. 

3.  Western  rivers. 

4.  Harbors  and  rivers  on  the  Northern  and  Northwestern  Lakes,  and 

5.  On  the  Pacific  coast. 

As  this  arrangement  differs  from  that  adopted  by  the  Treasury  in  the  above-named  document, 
No.  196,  reference  is  made  under  the  head  of  each  work  to  the  page  of  this  document  upon  which 
the  corresponding  financial  statement  will  be  found,  and  in  continuation  thereof  there  is  also  added, 
under  the  head  of  each  work,  the  amount  appropriated,  if  any,  by  the  river  and  harbor  act  of 
August  2,  1882.  and  the  amount  expended  thereon  during  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1883. 

With  respect  to  "  the  benefit  to  commerce  that  has  resulted  from  each  expenditure,"  it  should 
be  remarked  that  although  an  increase  of  the  -depth  of  a  harbor  or  its  approaches,  or  the  opening 
of  a  river  to  navigation,  or  the  permanent  increase  of  its  depth,  are  benefits  to  commerce  by  creating 
greater  facilities  for  navigation,  the  extent  of  this  benefit  is  not  readily  ascertained.  It  cannot 
invariably  be  found  by  a  comparison  of  the  commercial  statistics  of  late  years  with  those  of  a  former 
period  taken  from  the  reports  of  the  officers  in  charge  of  the  improvement,  because  there  is  no 
reliable  source  from  which  these  statistics  can  always  be  obtained  by  them,  and  that  they  are  fre- 
quently estimates  of  interested  parties.  Nor  does  it  follow  that  unless  there  has  been  an  increase 
of  commerce  the  benefit  resulting  from  the  improvement  has  been  of  little  value,  since  an  increase 
or  diminution  of  commerce  may  arise  from  local  causes  entirely  independent  of  the  facilities  afforded 
to  navigation  by  the  improvement  itself.  A  comparison  of  the  money  value  of  the  trade  at  different 
dates  does  not  always  indicate  the  relative  benefit  to  commerce  for  the  same  reason.  Nor  does  a 
comparison  of  the  number  of  vessels  trading  at  a  port  or  on  a  river  invariably  indicate  the  com- 
parative amount  of  commerce,  since  an  increase  of  the  depth  obtained  by  improvement  enables  the 
employment  of  vessels  of  a  larger  class,  and  although  trade  may  have  become  greater,  the  number 
of  vessels  engaged  in  it  may  be  less. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.       iii 

m 

It  is  farther  required  by  this  resoluticm  to  inform  the  House  "  whether  any  moneys  have  been 
appropriated  or  expended  upon  the  improvement  of  rivers  or  harbors  not  navigable  within  the  legal 
definition  of  the  word  navigable  as  defined  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States." 

The  Supreme  Court  declares  (11  Wallace,  411)  that — 

1.  A  river  is  a  navigable  water  of  the  United  States  when  it  forms  by  itself,  or  by  tts  connection  with  other 
waters,  a  continuous  highway  over  which  commerce  is  or  may  be  carried  on  with  other  States  or  foreign  countries  in 
the  customary  modes  in  which  such  commerce  is  conducted  by  water. 

And- 

2.  If  a  river  is  not  of  itself  a  high  way  for  commerce  with  other  States  or  foreign  countries,  or  does  not  form  such 
highway  by  its  connection  with  other  waters,  and  is  only  navigable  between  different  places  within  the  State,  then  it 
is  not  a  navigable  water  of  the  United  States,  but  only  a  navigable  water  of  the  State. 

The  following  localities  of  works  of  improvement  upon  which  public  moneys  have  been 
expended  fall  within  the  above  definition : 

Lake  Winnepissiogee,  Neic  Hampshire. — This  lake  and  its  tributaries  lie  wholly  within  the  State, 
their  waters  being  the  chief  source  of  the  Merrimac  River.  A  dam  built  at  its  outlet  forms  a 
reservoir  of  these  waters,  which  is  under  the  control  of  an  incorporated  company,  by  which  the 
water-power  is  regulated  and  supplied  to  factories  along  the  Merrimac  below.  They  do  not  form 
by  themselves,  or  by  their  connection  with  other  waters,  a  continued  highway  over  which  commerce 
is  or  may  be  carried  on  with  other  States. 

The  Yadkin  River,  within  the  limits  of  North  Carolina,  is  entirely  cut  off  by  a  narrow  mountain 
defile  of  30  feet  width  through  which  it  descends,  in  a  torrent,  50  feet  in  2  miles,  and  has,  at  pres- 
ent, no  navigable  connection  with  its  lower  part,  known  as  the  Great  Pee  Dee. 

French  Broad  River  in  North  Carolina. — The  navigable  connection  between  this  and  the  lower 
portions  of  the  river  in  Tennessee  is  interrupted  below  Asheville  by  rocky  rapids,  having  a  descent 
of  about  18  feet  to  the  mile,  and  not  susceptible  of  any  practical  improvement.  The  outlet  for  the 
trade  of  this  portion  of  the  river  is  dependent  upon  two  railroads  recently  completed. 

To  complete  the  requirements  of  this  resolution,  I  would  further  state  that  no  "  money  has  been 
appropriated  or  expended  for  the  improvement  of  any  river  or  harbor  not  within  the  United  States." 
Improvements  have,  however,  been  made,  or  are  in  progress,  of  channels,  portions  of  which  form 
international  boundaries. 

The  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  January  11,  1883,  is  herewith  returned. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

H.  G.  WRIGHT, 
Chief  of  Engineers, 

Brig,  and  Brvt.  Mai.  Gen. 
Hon.  ROBEBT  T.  LINCOLN, 

Secretary  of  War. 


'r 
or  THE 

UNIVERSE* 

or 

..<"> 

STATEMENT  GIVING,  IN  BRIEF,  AN  ACCOUNT  OF  ALL  RIVER  AND  HARBOR  IMPROVE- 
MENTS UPON  "WHICH  PUBLIC  MONEYS  HAVE  BEEN  EXPENDED,  -WITH  THE  NAVI- 
GABLE CAPACITY  OF  EACH,  BEFORE  AND  AFTER  IMPROVEMENT,  AND,  AS  FAR  AS 
PRACTICABLE,  THE  BENEFIT  TO  COMMERCE  RESULTING  THEREFROM. 


BEBAKWATEE   IN  SAINT  OEOIX  E1VBE  NEAE  CALAIS,   MAINE. 

(Page  147.) 

Built  in  1856  of  crib-work,  ballasted  with  stone ;  rebuilt  in  1881,  it  having  become  dilapidated 
from  decay  of  the  timber.  Its  object  is  to  prevent  vessels  being  forced  by  tidal  currents  upon 
"The  Ledge,"  5  miles  below  Calais.  It  has  answered  its  object  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner. 

Value  of  imports  at  Calais  for  1881,  $362,000 ;  exports,  $1,500,000. 

LUBEC   CHANNEL,   MAINE. 

(Page  144.) 

This  channel  forms  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  State  of  Maine.  First  appropriation,  1879. 
Before  improvement  it  was  only  available  for  navigation  at  high  water,  the  least  depth  over 
several  bars  being  only  5  feet  at  mean  low  water.  When  completed  it  will  give  a  direct  passage 
at  all  times  of  tide  for  vessels  bound  to  Eastport,  Calais,  and  other  American  ports,  saving  a 
distance  of  16  miles  around  Campo  Bello  Island.  It  will  also  become  available  for  refuge  to  a 
safe  anchorage.  The  amount  estimated  for  its  completion  is  $25,000.  In  1881,  amount  of  imports 
in  the  collection  districts,  $755,760;  exports,  $355,310. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $67,843  15 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  a,  1882 , 20,000  00 

87,843  15 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $66,325  99 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities  6,338  27 

72,664  26 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 15,178  89 

MACHIAS  EIVBE,  MAINE. 

(Page  145.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  The  improvement  has  been  the  deepening  of  the  channel  and  the 
removal  of  a  large  rock  in  front  of  Machias.  The  available  depth  has  been  increased  from  3  feet 
to  6  feet  at  mean  low  water,  with  a  channel  of  approach  100  feet  wide,  by  which  commercial 
facilities  have  been  materially  increased. 

MOOSB-A-BEC  BAE  AT  JONESPOET,  MAINE. 

(Page  145.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Located  on  a  frequented  thoroughfare  for  sailing  vessels  and  steam- 
ers, which  before  improvement  was  tortuous  and  obstructed  by  dangerous  ledges  of  rock.  It  has 
been  straightened  and  deepened  from  6  feet  to  14  feet  at  mean  low  water.  When  completed,  this 
channel,  now  85  feet,  will  be  200  feet  wide  and  wilL  add  greatly  to  the  ease  and  safety  of  general 
navigation,  and  benefit  the  large  fleet  of  vessels  constantly  passing  that  are  engaged  in  trade  with 
the  British  Provinces.  Estimate  for  completion,  $20,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $514  28 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 


10,514  28 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $132  03 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 58  00 

190  03 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10,324  25 

BELFAST  HAEBOE,  MAINE. 

(Page  143.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  Work  commenced  in  1879  and  completed  in  1880.  Consisted  of 
the  removal  of  sunken  ledges  and  shoals  to  a  depth  of  10  feet  at  mean  low  water,  increasing  the 
facilities  of  access,  and  permitting  the  use  of  larger  vessels. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

H.  Ex.  64 1 


2         APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

NARRAGUAGUS  RIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  145.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Before  improvement  the  channel  had  a  depth  of  over  2  feet  at  low 
water,  obstructed  by  rocks  and  ledges,  by  the  removal  of  which  a  navigable  depth  of  6£  feet  at 
low  water  has  been  obtained. 

A  considerable  increase  of  the  lumber  business  has  resulted  from  this  improvement. 

SULLIVAN'S  RIVER  AND  FALLS,  MAINE. 

(Pago  147.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Before  improvement  the  least  depth  on  one  of  the  most  dangerous 
ledges,  Hatcher's  Rock,  was  only  6  inches  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  clear  channel  of  300  feet 
in  width  and  7  to  10  feet  depth. 

The  removal  of  this  and  other  dangerous  rock  obstructions  has  greatly  increased  the  lumber 
and  granite  business  of  this  region. 

UNION  RIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  148.) 

First  appropriation,  1870.  Before  improvement  portions  of  the  channel  were  dry  at  low  water. 
There  is  now  a  depth  of  3  to  4  feet  at  that  stage,  or  15  feet  at  high  water. 

By  deepening  this  stream  and  clearing  it  of  rocks  and  other  obstructions  from  its  mouth  to 
Ellsworth,  the  head  of  tide,  commercial  facilities  have  been  very  much  increased. 

PENOBSCOT  RIVER  AND  BAT,  INCLUDING  HARBORS  AT  BANGOR,  BUCKSPORT, 

AND  CAMDEN,  MAINE. 

(Pages  143  and  145.) 

The  improvements  at  and  in  the  vicinity  of  these  points  may  be  classed  together  as  having, 
by  removal  of  obstructions  and  deepening  of  channels,  very  much  increased  the  facilities  of  navi- 
gation on  the  Penobscot,  permitting  the  use  of  larger  vessels  and  developing  local  business  to  a 
corresponding  extent. 

At  all  these  harbors  there  were  before  improvement  bars  and  shoals  with  2,  3,  and  4  feet  of 
water.  New  channels  of  12  feet  at  low  water  are  now  available. 

ROCKLAND  HARBOR,  MAINE. 

(Page  147.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  project  adopted  for  this  improvement  consists  in  the  construc- 
tion of  two  breakwaters,  one  from  Jameson  Point,  the  other  from  South  Ledge,  the  estimated  cost 
of  which  is  $550,000. 

The  breakwater  at  Jameson  Point  has  been  undertaken  first.  Even  in  its  present  very  incom- 
plete condition  it  has  shown  its  value  by  vessels  having  already  taken  advantage  of  it  for  refuge. 

A  breakwater  at  OwVs  Head  (page  145),  5  miles  south  of  Rockland,  was  commenced  under 
appropriation  of  1852,  but  never  completed.  This  new  one  at  Rockland,  a  much  better  locality,  will 
advantageously  take  its  place.  This  harbor  is  situated  at  the  entrance  of  all  the  thoroughfares 
leading  to  important  ports  to  the  east  of  it,  which  send  out  during  the  year  thousands  of  vessels 
loaded  with  valuable  cargoes. 

July  1,  1882,  amouut  available $127  20 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,000  00 

40, 127  20 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 36,665  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,461  57 

KENNEBEO  RIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  143.) 

Small  appropriations  for  the  improvement  of  this  river  were  made  at  intervals  between  the 
years  1827  and  1852.  Work  of  improvement  was  resumed  in  1866.  The  depth  of  water  has  been 
increased  from  2  feet  to  10  feet  at  mean  low  water  from  Richmond  to  Gardiner,  and  thence  6£  feet 
at  mean  low  water  to  Augusta. 

The  ice  business  on  this  river,  which  is  of  great  importance,  has  been  largely  increased  and 
facilitated  by  this  improvement. 

RICHMOND  HARBOR,  MAINE. 

(Page  146.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.    The  appropriation  of  1882  will  complete  the  work  projected. 

The  work  is  intended  for  the  maintenance  of  a  depth  of  10  feet  at  mean  low  water  to  Rich- 


f  UNIVERSITY 

APPBOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUEES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HARBORS.        3 

toond,  and  to  enable  sea-going  vessels  of  a  larger  class  to  engage  in  the  transportation  of  ice,  a 
business  of  increasing  importance. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6,531  03 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 

16,531  03 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 16,531  03 

CATHANCE  EIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  143.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  principal  obstruction  to  navigation  is  at  the  outer  bar,  where 
the  channel  of  the  river  enters  the  Kennebec,  where  there  was  but  6  feet  at  mean  low  water. 
Owing  to  the  shifting  character  of  this  bar,  it  is  not  believed  that  any  work,  unless  at  a  cost  too 
great  to  be  warranted,  would  effect  a  permanent  improvement  of  the  channel.  Two  other  bars 
lying  between  this  and  the  mouth  of  the  Cathance  Eiver  can  be  more  effectually  improved. 
Dredging  on  the  outer  bar  has  been  completed  to  the  extent  projected,  a  depth  of  10  feet  at  mean 
low  water,  and  work  is  in  progress  on  the  other  bars. 

The  interest  is  local ;  and  the  improvement  thus  far  has  resulted  in  but  little  benefit  to 
commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $58  67 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

5,058  67 

July  1,  1883,  amounted  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $2,723  85 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 689  52 

3, 413  37 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,645  30 

"GUT"  OPPOSITE  BATH,  MAINE. 

(Page  143.) 

This  is  a  part  of  Back  Eiver,  a  tidal  river  9  miles  in  length  connecting  Kennebec  Eiver 
at  Bath  with  the  tidewaters  of  Sheepscot  Bay,  and  affords  a  short  communication  between  the 
Kennebec  and  towns  on  or  near  the  waters  of  the  Sheepscot.  The  navigation  here  was  much 
improved  with  appropriations  made  in  1870,  1871.  Additional  appropriations  have  been  made 
since  1878,  and  the  projected  improvement  is  now  nearly  completed,  and  a  navigation  opened  of 
not  less  than  11  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

The  commerce  benefited  is  that  of  the  collection  district  of  Bath,  in  which  in  1881  there  were 
departures,  1,945  vessels,  arrivals  1,915;  vessels  built  55,  of  36,334  tons;  800,000  tons  of  ice 
shipped ;  1,600,000  feet  of  lumber  shipped. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,981  75 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 2,981  75 

ROYALS  EIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  147.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  The  projected  improvement,  completed  in  1873,  increased  the 
depth  to  Yarmouth  from  1  foot  at  mean  low  water  to  5  feet,  greatly  benefiting  navigation. 

The  principal  business  of  Yarmouth  is  ship-building,  it  being  one  of  the  largest  ship-building 
towns  in  Maine. 

The  estimated  value  of  its  commerce,  at  the  time  of  beginning  the  improvement,  was 
$1,523,500  annually.  No  recent  statistics  are  at  hand. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Augusts,  1882 ; $10,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,594  23 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 324  80 

1,919  03 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,080  97 

PORTLAND   HAEBOE,   MAINE. 

(Page  146.) 

A  breakwater  on  Stamford's  Ledge  for  the  protection  of  the  inner  harbor  was  partly  built 
with  appropriations  of  1836, 1837,  and  1838.  The  appropriations  of  1866  and  since  that  date  have 
been  applied  to  the  completion  of  the  breakwater  and  to  dredging  to  20  feet  at  mean  low  water 
of  bars  and  shoal  ground  in  the  harbor,  where  there  was  originally  on  occasional  shoal  spots 
bat  4  feet. 


4    APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVEES  AND  HAEBORS. 

The  breakwater  answers  well  the  purposes  of  its  construction,  and  the  dredging,  which  is 
still  in  progress,  has  had  a  marked  effect  in  increasing  the  facility  of  access  of  large  steam  and 
sail  vessels,  and  the  whole  improvement  is  of  decided  benefit  to  commerce. 

In  1881,  value  of  exports,  $11,907,671;  imports,  $10,410,384. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,181  46 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35, 000  00 

36,181  46 
July  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $20,336  28 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5,150  80 

25,487  08 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10,694  38 

RICHMOND  ISLAND   HAEBOR,  MAINE. 

(Page  147.) 

A  harbor  of  refuge  has  been  formed  here  by  a  rubble-stone  breakwater,  connecting  the  island 
with  the  mainland,  and  has  considerably  increased  the  shelter  for  vessels.  The  harbor  formed 
by  the  breakwater  affords  safe  anchorage  and  good  holding-ground  for  vessels  of  the  largest  class 
with  the  wind  from  any  point  except  the  southwest. 

SACO  RIVER,  MAINE. 

(Page  147.) 

First  appropriations,  1824  and  1827.    Work  resumed  in  1866  and  finished  in  1874. 
The  navigable  capacity  of  the  stream  has  not  been  changed,  but  the  breakwater  built  at  the 
entrance  to  the  rivers  and  piers  along  the  channel  have  materially  increased  the  facilities  of 
navigation. 

KENNEBUNK  RIVER,  MAINE. 
(Page  144.) 

Appropriations  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1829  and  1852.  Work  resumed  with 
appropriation  of  1870  and  finished  in  1881.  The  piers  built  in  the  river  have  improved  the 
channel,  and  the  dredging  at  several  points  has  increased  the  depth  5  feet. 

The  improvement  of  the  river  has  been  of  material  advantage  to  the  ship-building  interest 
centered  here. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,028  85 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,028  85 

WELLS  HAEBOE,  MAINE. 

(Page  148.) 

The  improvement  in  this  harbor  has  consisted  in  the  repair  of  an  old  Government  pier  built 
thirty  or  forty  years  ago  for  the  purpose  of  straightening  and  deepening  the  channel  over  the  bar 
at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor.  The  work  was  completed  in  1873,  and  has  somewhat  increased  the 
facilities  of  access  to  the  harbor. 

The  commerce  of  the  place  is  small  and  unimportant. 

COBSCOOK  BAY,  MAINE. 

(Page  143.) 

The  appropriation  of  1852  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  rocks  obstructing  navigation  near 
Fall's  Island  to  the  depth  of  mean  low  water,  but  was  insufficient  to  complete  the  work,  having 
left  several  rocks  whose  removal  was  requisite  to  make  navigation  good. 

PISCATAQUA  EIVEE,  MAINE. 

(Page  146.) 

The  appropriation  of  1828  was  expended  in  removing  obstructions  in  the  Berwick  branch  of 
the  river.  The  nature  and  extent  of  the  work  done  upon  this  improvement  is  not  known. 

LAKE  WINIPISSIOGEE,   NEW  HAMPSHIEE. 

(Page  173.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  depth  at  the  outlet  of  the  lake  has  been  increased  from  4  feet 
to  8  feet  by  dredging. 

The  improvement  has  benefited  three  or  four  steamers  employed  mainly  for  summer  travel. 

This  lake  and  its  tributaries  lie  wholly  in  the  State  of  New  Hampshire,  their  waters  forming  the 
chief  source  of  the  Merrimac  Eiver.  A  dam  built  at  its  outlet  forms  a  reservoir  of  these  waters 
which  is  under  control  of  an  incorporated  company  by  which  the  water-power  is  regulated  and 
supplied  to  factories  along  the  Merrimac  River  below. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.    5 

It  does  not  form  by  itself,  or  by  its  connection  with  other  waters,  a  continued  highway  over 
which  commerce  is,  or  may  be  carried  on  with  other  States,  and  is,  therefore,  not  navigable  within 
the  legal  definition  of  the  word  "navigable,"  as  defined  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,266  05 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  the  fiscal  year  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabili- 
ties July  1,  1882 3,266  05 

LAMPREY  RIVER,  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

(Page  172.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  By  dredging  and  the  removal  of  rocks  and  ledges,  access  to  the 
wharves  at  New  Market  have  been  much  improved,  and  the  considerable  business  of  the  place 
facilitated  and  increased.  Still  greater  benefits  are  anticipated  from  the  completion  of  the  improve- 
ment so  as  to  give  a  depth  of  11J  feet  at  high  water,  an  increase  of  7£  feet  over  the  shoalest  part 
before  improvement. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $5,674  75 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 

15,674  75 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  the  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabili- 
ties July  1,1882 15,366  33 

July  1,  1833,  amount  available 308  42~ 

EXETER  RIVER,  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

(Page  172.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  work  projected  for  the  improvement  of  this  river  has  been 
completed.  • 

The  facilities  for  navigation  have  been  much  increased  by  the  increased  depth  and  direct 
channel  gained  in  the  river  from  7J  to  10  feet  in  depth. 

The  manufacturing  towns  of  South  New  Market  and  Exeter  have  been  much  benefited.- 

COCHECO  RIVER,  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

(Page  172.) 

Present  improvement  begun  with  appropriation  of  1871. 

By  the  removal  of  ledges,  bowlders,  &c.,  a  depth  of  4  feet  at  mean  low  water  has  been  obtained 
where  there  was  scarcely  over  1  foot. 

This  improved  access  to  the  wharves  at  Dover  has  given  a  great  impetus  to  business,  which 
the  completion  of  the  channel,  for  which  provision  is  made  in  act  of  August  2,  1882,  will  still 
further  aid. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,1882 $28,000  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $8,757  44 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,999  40 

10,75684 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 17,243  16 

PORTSMOUTH  HARBOR,  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

(Page  173.) 

An  appropriation  was  made  for  this  harbor  and  other  purposes  in  1822,  which  was  in  part 
expended  in  the  erection  of  a  pier  on  "Sunken  Ledge."  The  present  work  was  begun  with  the 
appropriation  of  1879. 

This  is  the  only  outlet  of  the  navigable  rivers  along  the  coast  of  New  Hampshire.  The 
United  States  navy-yard  at  Kittery,  Me.,  is  also  situated  here. 

The  accessibility  and  depth  of  water  of  this  harbor  give  to  it  a  special  value,  the  only  diffi- 
culty to  its  navigation  and  safety  being  caused  by  sunken  ledges  and  by  its  tidal  currents,  which 
tend  to  force  vessels  upon  dangerous  projecting  points  and  from  which  numerous  serious  accidents 
have  occurred  and  are  still  liable  to  occur  to  United  States  vessels  and  others  frequenting  the  harbor. 

The  improvements  projected  and  in  progress  will  be  of  very  decided  benefit  to  commerce, 
and  are  enhanced  by  the  great  value  of  the  harbor  as  a  naval  station. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $30,419  14 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 17,000  00 

47,419  14 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $17,988  04 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,230  00 

19, 218  04 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 28,201  10 


6        APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

MERRIMAC  RIVER,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  154.) 

The  appropriations  from  1828  to  1834,  inclusive,  were  expended  in  the  harbor  of  Newbury- 
port  on  a  breakwater  at  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

The  present  improvement  of  the  river  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1870.  Before 
improvement  the  channel  of  the  river  was  narrow,  crooked,  and  obstructed  by  bowlders,  shoals, 
and  ledges.  A  draft  of  9  feet  at  mean  low  water,  or  16J  feet  at  mean  high  water,  can  now  be 
carried  7  miles  above  Newburyport;  12  feet  at  high  water  for  7  miles  further  to  Haverhill,  and  10 
feet  thence  to  the  Mitchell's  Falls ;  and  at  low  stages  4  feet  can  be  carried  through  the  falls  as  far 
as  Lawrence,  6  miles. 

Seven  incorporated  cities  and  the  largest  mills  in  New  England  are  benefited  by  this 
improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,353  79 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 9, 000  00 

12, 353  79 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 .' 87,673  88 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 350  00 

8,023  88 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,329  91 

NEWBURYPORT  HARBOR,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  155.) 

The  appropriations  from  1828  to  1834,  inclusive,  were  expended  in  removing  sand  bars  and 
building,  and  repairs  of  a  breakwater.  Those  from  1870  to  1880  in  the  removal  of  rocks  and  other 
obstructions  to  navigation.  The  depth  at  low  water  over  the  bar  was  7  feet. 

The  present  improvement  was  begun  in  1881,  and  is  intended  to  create  a  permanent  channel 
at  the  outer  bar  of  not  less  than  17  feet  at  mean  low  or  24£  feet  at  mean  high  water,  by'  means  of 
jetties.  The  depth  of  the  bar  has  already  Tjeeu  increased  to  9J  feet  at  mean  low  water  by  the 
partial  construction  of  one  of  the  jetties. 

This  improvement,  in  connection  with  that  of  Merrimac  River,  is  in  the  interest  of  the  largest 
manufactories  in  New  England. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $45,438  77 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,1882 40,000  00 

85, 438  77 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstandiug 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $38,861  40 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,682  69 

41,544  09 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 43,894  68 

SALEM  HARBOR,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  156.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  Before  improvement  an  average  depth  of  I  foot  only  could  be  car- 
ried at  mean  low  water  to  the  wharves  at  the  mouth  of  South  River.  There  is  now  a  channel  300 
feet  wide  and  8  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  or  17  feet  at  high  water.  The  benefit  to  commerce 
is  the  increase  of  the  navigable  capacity  of  the  harbor. 

SANDY  BAY,  MASSACHUSETTS. 
(Page  157.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836,  1837,  and  1838  were  applied  to  the  construction  of  a  breakwater 
800  feet  long,  extending  eastwardly  from  the  western  points  of  the  harbor,  to  protect  it  from  north- 
erly winds.  The  work  was  reported  as  not  only  of  great  advantage  to  the  inhabitants  of  Sandy 
Bay  (now  Rockport),  but  also  a  harbor  of  refuge  for  coasters,  being  accessible  at  all  times  of  tide. 

GLOUCESTER  HARBOR,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  153.) 

The  appropriation  of  1872  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  rocks  and  ledges  in  the  inner 
harbor,  by  which  the  movement  of  vessels  to  and  from  the  wharves  and  anchorages  have  been 
much  facilitated,  with  benefit  to  the  commerce  of  the  place.  The  annual  value  of  produce  of  the 
fisheries  is  over  $3,000,000.  This  also  is  an  important  harbor  of  refuge  for  fishermen. 

MARBLEHEAD  HARBOR,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  154.) 

With  the  appropriation  of  1852  an  existing  sea  wall  at  this  place  was  fully  repaired  through 
its  whole  length. 


APPBOPBIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.    7 

LYNN  HABBOB,  MASSACHUSETTS. 
(Page-.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.    A  survey  of  this  harbor  has  been  made,  and  the  project  for  its 
improvement  is  under  consideration. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 $60,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 2,138  07 


July  1,1883.  amount  available 57,861  93 

MALDEN  BIVEB,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page-.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  natural  channel  is  crooked  and  barely  sufficient  for  vessels 
drawing  7  feet.  The  object  of  the  improvement  is  to  straighten,  widen,  and  deepen  the  channel 
by  dredging  so  as  to  enable  vessels  drawing  10  feet  to  ascend  as  far  as  Maiden  at  high  tide. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,202  33 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 108  30 

1,310  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,689  37 

BOSTON  HABBOB,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  151.) 

The  greater  part  of  the  sums  appropriated  and  allotted  for  this  harbor  since  1828  has  been 
successfully  expended  for  its  preservation  rather  than  for  the  increase  of  its  navigable  capacity, 
but  at  the  same  time  the  depth  of  water,  from  the  entrance  of  the  harbor  to  the  wharves  at  Boston, 
has  been  increased  from  18  to  23  feet  at  mean  low  water,  with  a  least  width  of  600  feet.  The 
depths  in  several  channels  tributary  to  the  harbor  have  also  been  proportionally  increased. 

The  preservation  of  headlands  and  islands  has  secured  shelter  to  roadsteads  and  protected 
the  channels  against  encroachments. 

For  the  year  1881,  value  of  importations,  $64,716,022 ;  value  of  exportations,  $70,408,879. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $68,662  63 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 95,500  00 

165, 162  63 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $46,318  50 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 8,042  12 

54,360  62 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available , 110,802  01 

SCITUATE  HAEBOB,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  157.) 

The  object  of  this  improvement,  begun  in  1881,  is  to  make  a  harbor  of  refuge  for  vessels  in 
easterly  storms.  The  design  is  to  build  two  breakwaters  from  the  projecting  points  at  the  entrance 
to  this  harbor  and  to  dredge  the  space  within,  as  well  as  the  channel  of  entrance,  to  from  10  to  15 
feet  at  mean  low  water,  the  rise  of  tide  being  9  feet. 

This  harbor,  when  completed,  must  prove  of  undoubted  benefit  to  vessels  of  all  classes 
trading  to  Boston. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $203  54 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 


10,203  54 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
Julyl,  1882 10,079  91 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 123  63 

PLYMOUTH  HABBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  155.) 

Appropriations  for  this  harbor  were  made  at  intervale  between  the  years  1824  and  1838,  and  one 
also  in  1852.  These  were  all  expended  for  the  protection  and  preservation  of  the  beach  upon  which 
the  harbor  depends  for  its  only  shelter  in  easterly  storms. 

The  appropriations  since  1866  have  been  expended  in  repairs  to  the  works  previously  con- 
structed and  in  their  completion  on  a  more  permanent  plan,  and  also  in  the  completion  of  a  channel 
100  feet  wide  and  8  feet  deep  to  the  wharves  of  Plymouth. 


8    APPEOPBIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUEES  FOE  EIVERS  AND  HAEBOES. 

The  total  value  of  foreign  and  domestic  imports  and  exports  (by  water)  of  the  port  of  Plymouth 
for  the  year  ending  December  31, 1881,  is  stated  by  the  collector  of  customs  to  have  been  $1,439,306. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $89  67 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 14,000  00 


14, 089  67 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  the  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabili- 
ties July  1,  1882 12,968  53 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,121  14 

PEOVINCETOWN  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  156.) 

This  is  one  of  the  most  important  harbors  of  refuge  on  the  Atlantic  coast.  The  appropriations 
made  from  1826  to  1882  have  been  expended  with  the  object  of  preserving  the  sand  beaches  inclosing 
the  harbor,  and  thereby  the  harbor  itself,  and  have  been  applied  with  success.  The  appropriation  of 
1882  will  be  expended  in  the  extension  of  the  stone  bulkhead  on  Long  Point,  which  will  complete 
all  work  projected. 

The  commerce  of  the  New  England  States  is  benefited  by  the  maintenance  of  this  harbor. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,556  35 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

6,556  35 

Jnlv  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $2,920  86 

July  1,  188S,  outstanding  liabilities 1 74  88 

2,995  74 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,560  61 

HYANNIS  HAEBOE,  MAS"SACHUSATTS. 

(Page  153.) 

This  harbor  is  sheltered  by  a  breakwater  built  with  appropriations  made  between  the  years 
1828  and  1838.  The  appropriation  of  1852  was  spent  in  repairs.  Those  made  since  1870  were 
expended  in  repairs  and  strengthening  the  work. 

The  harbor  is  accessible  at  times  of  mean  low  water  to  vessels  drawing  16  feet,  or  at  high  water 
20  feet.  Its  chief  importance  to  general  commerce  is  as  a  harbor  of  refuge. 

The  number  of  vessels  seeking  shelter  here  in  1878  was  about  1,400. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $278  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $18  00 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 75 

18  75 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 259  88 

NANTUCKET  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  154.) 

The  appropriations  of  1829,  1831,  and  1832  were  expended  in  dredging  a  channel  through  the 
bar.  The  work  resulted  in  no  benefit  to  commerce  or  increase  of  navigable  capacity.  The  work 
of  improvement  was  resumed  in  1880,  at  which  time  the  least  depth  of  water  on  the  bar  was  6  feet 
at  low  water. 

No  marked  benefit  to  commerce  or  increase  of  navigable  capacity  is  anticipated  until  the  work 
now  in  progress  has  been  further  advanced. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $45,792  15 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,000  00 

70,792  15 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $22,509  73 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 14,051  42 

36,561  15 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 34,231  00 

BASS  EIVEE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  151.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1838  were  expended  in  the  construction  of  a  breakwater  to 
secure  a  larger  space  for  anchorage  in  the  harbor.  Two  hundred  feet  of  the  projected  length  of 
350  feet  were  built,  affording  good  shelter  to  vessels  navigating  Vineyard  Sound. 

EDGAETOWN  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  153.) 

The  appropriations  of  1826  and  1829  were  expended  in  surveys  and  the  construction  of  a  dike, 
which  proved  beneficial  in  arresting  the  drift  of  sand  into  the  harbor.  That  of  1872  was  applied 


APPBOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.    9 

to  reopening  an  outlet  into  the  ocean,  with  the  expectation  of  thereby  maintaining  the  entrance  to 
the  harbor  in  good  navigable  condition.  The  opening  was  successfully  made,  but  did  not  prove 
permanent. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  resulted  from  the  expenditure. 

WOOD'S  HOLL  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  158.) 

The  first  appropriation,  that  of  1852,  was  expended  in  building  a  breakwater,  which  proved 
beneficial  by  arresting  an  influx  of  sand  into  the  harbor. 

With  the  appropriation  of  1879  the  depth  of  water  at  entrance  was  increased  from  7£  to  10 
feet,  and  a  direct  channel  made  120  feet  wide  and  9  feet  deep  where  none  previously  existed,  by 
which  the  important  commerce  of  Buzzard's  Bay  has  been  greatly  benefited. 

The  river  and  harbor  act  of  1882  makes  appropriation  for  the  construction  of  a  harbor  of  refuge. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $567  07 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 52,000  00 

52,567  07 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  18S2 $2,139  73 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities    436  24 

2,575  97 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available, 49,991  10 

NEW  BEDFOBD  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  155.; 

The  appropriation  of  1836  was  expended  in  removing  obstructions,  and  in  dredging,  by  which 
an  increase  of  2  feet  in  the  channel  was  obtained.  The  appropriation  of  1852  was  for  a  survey  of 
this  harbor  and  of  Taunton  Eiver. 

The  appropriations  of  1875  and  1876  were  expended  in  dredging,  and  resulted  in  an  increase 
of  depth  of  channel  from  12£  to  15  feet  in  a  width  of  200  feet,  from  deep  water  to  the  New  Bedford 
wharves,  by  which  they  were  made  accessible  to  whalers  of  the  largest  class. 

TAUNTON  EIVEE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  157.) 

The  expenditure  of  the  appropriations  made  from  1870  to  1879  resulted  in  increasing  the 
navigable  capacity  of  the  stream  from  4£  feet  to  9  feet  at  mean  high  water,  and  created  a  very 
marked  increase  of  commerce.  With  the  appropriations  of  1880,  1881,  and  1882  it  is  designed  to 
increase  the  width  of  the  channel,  and  also  the  depth  from  9  to  11  feet,  to  head  of  navigation. 
The  work  is  about  half  finished.  No  statistics  of  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $23, 702  36 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

48,702  36 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $20,723  12 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 7,040  89 

27,764  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 20,938  35 

DUXBUEY  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  153.) 

The  improvement  projected  for  this  harbor  consisted  in  straightening  and  widening  the  south 
channel  so  as  to  obtain  a  width  of  200  feet  lor  a  depth  of  8  feet  at  mean  low  water.  The  work  was 
completed  in  1874.  This  increase  of  facilities  of  navigation  has  been  of  benefit  to  the  commerce  of 
the  port. 

WELLFLEET  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  158.) 

The  appropriation  of  1872  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  the  sunken  rocks  at  the  entrance 
to  the  harbor.  The  work  was  finished  in  1874,  and  navigation  benefited  thereby. 

WAEEHAM  HAEBOE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

(Page  157.) 

Before  improvement  the  ruling  depth  in  the  harbor  was  about  7  feet  at  mean  low  water,  in  a 
narrow  and  very  crooked  channel.  The  improvement  made,  with  the  amount  expended  prior  to 
June  30,  1880,  has  enabled  vessels  drawing  13  feet  to  reach  the  wharves  at  high  water. 

Further  improvement  of  this  harbor  is  in  progress  with  appropriations  made  subsequent  to  the 
above  date. 

H.  Ex.  64 2 


10   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  annual  value  of  merchandise  received  and  shipped  by  water  at  the  port  of  Wareham  is 
reported  to  be  at  this  time  $1,101,300. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $397  45 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

5, 397  45 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,020  13 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 386  06 

3,406  19 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,991  26 

FALL  RIVER,  MASSACHUSETTS. 
(Page  153.) 

With  the  appropriations  of  1874,  1875,  and  1876  the  navigable  capacity  of  Fall  River  Harbor 
has  been  increased  from  6  to  12  feet  at  mean  low  water  by  removing  obstructions  of  bowlders  and 
bars.  Much  larger  vessels  now  enter  the  harbor. 

This  place  is  of  the  highest  rank  in  the  extent  of  its  cotton  manufactures. 

CHURCH'S  COVE,  RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  203.) 

An  appropriation  was  made  in  1827  for  a  survey  here.  The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1838 
were  applied  to  the  construction  of  a  breakwater  for  the  shelter  of  vessels  in  stress  of  weather 
passing  from  Vineyard  Sound  to  New  York.  The  breakwater  was  never  finished,  and  has  suffered 
from  want  of  means  for  its  preservation. 

PAWTUCKET  RIVER,  RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  204.) 

Before  improvement,  in  1867,  the  channel  of  approach  to  the  wharves  at  Pawtucket  had  a  least 
depth  of  4£  feet  at  mean  low  water.  There  is  now  a  channel  of  75  feet  wide  and  7  feet  deep  at 
mean  low  water,  which  has  led  to  a  decided  increase  of  the  commerce  of  Pawtucket,  a  town  of 
30,000  inhabitants,  largely  engaged  in  manufactures. 

July  1,  18K8,  amount  available $529  58 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 529  58 

PROVIDENCE  RIVER  AND  NARRAGANSETT  BAY,  RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  205.) 

The  first  appropriation  of  1852  was  applied  to  the  removal  of  a  shoal  at  the  junction  of  See- 
konk  and  Providence  rivers,  upon  which  there  was  an  available  depth  of  only  4£  feet  at  low  water. 
The  appropriation  of  1870,  and  subsequent  ones  to  date,  have  been  expended  in  the  gradual 
increase  of  the  depth  and  width  of  the  channel  of  approach  to  Providence,  so  that  it  can  now  be 
reached  at  high  tide  by  vessels  drawing  25  feet. 

There  was  a  balance  remaining  on  hand  of  $128,464  on  July  1,  1882,  which  will  be  expended 
towards  deepening  the  channel  to  25  feet  at  low  water. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  an  increase  of  the  annual  tonnage  to  and  from  the  port  to 
about  4,000,000  tons. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $3,464  49 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 125,000  00 

128,464  49 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $75,378  67 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 16,921  84 

92, 300  51 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 36,163  98 

POTOWOMUT  RIVER,  RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  204.) 

The  appropriation  of  1881  was  applied  to  increasing  the  depth  of  water  on  the  bar  at  the 
entrance  of  the  stream  from  2£  to  5  feet. 
The  benefit  to  commerce  is  local. 

NEWPORT  HARBOR,  RHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  204.) 

In  1872,  before  improvement,  the  city  wharves  could  not  be  reached  at  low  tide  by  vessels 
drawing  more  than  8  feet.  This  depth  has  been  increased  to  12  feet.  The  anchorage  capacity  of 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUEES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.      11 

the  harbor  has  also  been  increased  about  16  acres,  and  in  depth  from  8  feet  at  mean  low  water  to 
from  11  to  13  feet.    It  is  one  of  the  most  important  harbors  on  the  coast. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $8,041  05 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,000  00 

28,041  05 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $23,552  24 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,130  04 

27, 682  28 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 358  77 

WICKFOED  HAEBOE,  EHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  205.) 

The  appropriations  of  1873  and  1874  were  expended  in  increasing  the  depth  of  channel  into  the 
harbor  from  6£  to  9J  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

This  improvement  is  in  the  interest  of  travel  between  Newport  and  New  York. 

BLOCK  ISLAND  HAEBOE,  EHODE  ISLAND. 

(Page  203.) 

Between  1870  and  1879  an  artificial  harbor  has  been  built  where  none  previously  existed.  In 
active  seasons  of  the  year  it  is  crowded  to  its  full  capacity  with  coasters  and  fishermen.  The  local 
business  has  also  materially  increased.  The  improvement  was  a  much-needed  one,  and  has  proved 
of  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $65  14 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 19,000  00 

19,065  14 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $3,244  85 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,716  62 

4,961  47 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,103  67 

PAWCATUCK  EIVEE,  EHODE  ISLAND  AND  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  257.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Improvement  completed  in  1875,  by  the  creation  of  a  channel  75 
feet  wide  and  5J  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water  up  to  Westerly,  Ehode  Island,  and  Pawcatuck,  Con- 
necticut. The  least  depth  before  improvement  was  2£  feet  at  low  water.  The  reduction  of  freight 
from  New  York  to  the  above  important  manufacturing  towns  is  said  to  have  been  by  reason  of  this 
improvement  from  25  to  75  cents  per  ton. 

LITTLE  NAEEAGANSETT  BAY,  EHODE  ISLAND  AND  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  230.) 

Pawcatuck  Eiver  can  only  be  approached  through  this  bay.  Its  improvement,  begun  in  1878, 
has  so  far  resulted  in  a  channel  7£  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  where  the  depth  was  but  4J  feet 
at  low  water,  and  is  of  importance  to  the  manufacturing  towns  on  the  Pawcatuck,  and  to  Watch 
Hill,  a  place  of  summer  resort. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $277  88 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 , 6,000  00 

6,277  88 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $4,942  84 

July  I,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 199  20 

5, 142  04 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 1,135  84 

CONNECTICUT  EIVEE,  MASSACHUSETTS  AND  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  122.) 

Below  Hartford. — The  appropriation  of  1836  was  expended  in  dredging  on  the  bar  at  the  mouth 
of  the  river,  but  owing  to  want  of  appropriation  from  that  date  to  1870  no  permanent  benefit 
resulted  from  the  work. 

With  the  appropriations  since  1870  the  results  have  been  a  steady  improvement  of  the  navi- 
gation at  Saybrook  Bar,  where  jetties  now  nearly  completed  have  already  increased  the  low-water 
depth  from  6  to  8J  feet.  From  the  bar  up  stream  the  dredging  of  shoals  is,  and  must  be,  annually 


12   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

continued,  in  order  to  maintain  9  feet  at  low  water  to  Hartford,  until  a  permanent  improvement 

is  completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $8,  363  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 45, 000  00 

53,363  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $14,619  56 

July  1,  1883  outstanding  liabilities 6,228  97 

20,  848  53 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  32,514  47 

Above  Hartford  and  below  HolyoTce,  Massachusetts. — The  depth  of  water  on  the  numerous  bars 
below  Enfield  Falls  has  been  increased  by  dredging  and  the  building  of  wing  dams  from  1  foot 
before  improvement  to  3  feet  at  low  water. 

No  statistics  of  commerce  at  hand. 

HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,   AND   HOLYOKE,    MASSACHUSETTS. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $13,669  80 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 13,669  80 

Amount  (estimated)  required  for  completion  of  existing  project 1, 322, 805  00 

ABOVE  HARTFORD   AND   BELOW  ENFIELD   FALLS. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 81,912  66 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,912  66 

ON  OR  ABOVE  ENFIELD  FALLS,  AND  BELOW  HOLYOKE,  MASSACHUSETTS. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $10,702  92 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10.702  92 

STONINGTON  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  125.) 

In  1827,  before  improvement,  the  12-foot  navigable  channel  was  narrow  and  did  not  extend  to 
the  town  wharves,  and  the  harbor  was  completely  exposed  to  southerly  storms. 

At  present  the  12-foot  channel  extends  close  to  the  wharves  and  is  of  sufficient  width  to  be 
readily  used.  The  harbor  is  effectually  sheltered  from  the  southwest,  and  upon  the  completion  of 
the  breakwater  now  under  construction  will  be  protected  from  the  south  and  southeast. 

This  shelter  has  already  proved  of  advantage  to  vessels. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $680  44 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,000  00 

25.680  44 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $15,540  46 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,025  36 

19,565  82 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 6,114  62 

NEW  LONDON  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  124.) 

In  1880  the  principal  wharf  of  the  place  was  separated  from  the  main  channel  by  a  shoal.  This 
has  been  in  part  removed,  and  has  facilitated  the  movements  of  freight  steamers. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $158  89 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 9,000  00 

9, 158  89 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 1 9,07501 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 83  88 

THAMES  RIVER,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  125.) 

In  1829,  before  improvement,  the  available  depth  of  the  river  for  3  miles  below  Norwich  was 
less  than  5  feet  at  low  water.  The  present  available  depth  is  10J  feet,  with  the  expectation  of  a 
still  further  increase  upon  the  completion  of  the  works  now  projected. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $28,974  72 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 35,UOO  00 

63,974  72 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $21,438  40 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,114  66 

23, 553  06 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 40,421  66 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      13 

CLINTON  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Formerly  there  was  8  feet  depth  at  low  water  in  the  entrance  to 
this  channel,  which  has  since  shoaled  to  4  feet,  owing  to  a  break  in  the  beach.  It  is  proposed  to 
close  this  with  the  amount  available  by  a  dike  of  riprap  stone,  so  as  to  regain  the  original  depth  by 
restoring  the  full  tidal  flow. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

NEW  HAVEN  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  123.) 

Before  improvement,  in  1867,  the  low-water  channel  of  this  harbor  had  an  available  depth  of 
about  7  feet,  and  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  was  obstructed  by  a  number  of  sunken  rocks. 

There  is  now  a  channel  of  16  feet,  400  feet  wide,  except  over  Fort  Hale  Bar,  not  yet  completed, 
which  is  constantly  used  by  vessels  that  twelve  years  ago  would  have  been  obliged  to  wait  for 
high  tide,  or  could  not  have  entered  without  lightering.  The  available  area  of  the  harbor  has  been 
largely  increased. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,464  96 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30,000  00 

33,464  96 
July  4,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 |2,265  45 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2, 157  75 

4, 423  20 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,041  76 

BREAKWATER  AT  NEW  HAVEN,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  123.) 

This  was  projected  in  1879  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  harbor  of  refuge.    The  work  is  in 
progress. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $722  34 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 60,000  00 

60,722  34 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $13,314  88 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5,350  16 

18,665  04 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 42,057  30 

MILFORD  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  123.) 

Before  improvement,  in  1874,  this  harbor  had  an  available  depth  of  2  feet  and  less.    There  is 
now  an  available  depth  of  4  feet,  with  a  width  of  from  60  to  100  feet  in  the  channel. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available    $76  19 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,  000  00 

5,076  19 
Julyl,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $18  13 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,664  95 

1,683  08 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,393  11 

HOUSATONIC  RIVER,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  123.) 

In  1871.  before  improvement,  the  river  had  an  available  depth  of  7  feet  at  low  water  below 
Derby,  with  five  long  shoals  upon  which  there  was  a  depth  of  from  3J  to  5  feet. 

The  channel  has  been  straightened  and  an  available  depth  secured  and  maintained  through 
the  shoals,  so  that  such  vessels  as  can  cross  the  bar  at  the  mouth  can  now  ascend  without  detention. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $115  40 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2,  COO  00 

2, 115  40 

July  1   1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
Julyl,  1882 118  40 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ,.„,...., 1,997  00 


14      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

BRIDGEPORT  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  121.) 

In  1835,  before  improvement,  this  harbor  had  an  available  depth  at  mean  low  water  of  about 
5  feet  on  the  bars,  and  about  7  feet  thence  to  the  town. 

There  is  now  a  channel  to  the  town  12  feet  deep  and  from  200  to  340  feet  wide,  which  is  in 
constant  use,  and  is  frequently  sought  by  passing  vessels  as  a  harbor  of  refuge.  The  available 
harbor  capacity  has  been  largely  increased. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $360  74 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 


10, 360  74 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 9,533  51 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 827  23 

SOUTHPORT   HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Pages  123  and  124.) 

The  navigation  of  this  harbor,  formerly  known  as  Mill  River,  was  almost  impracticable,  the 
channel  being  nearly  bare  at  low  water.  The  appropriations  of  1829  and  1832  were  applied  to  the 
construction  of  a  breakwater  and  dike,  and  to  the  excavation  of  the  channel.  This  work  secured 
a  channel  of  moderate  width  and  a  depth  of  2  feet  at  low  water.  The  channel  has  since  been 
deepened  to  4  feet  and  made  100  feet  wide. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available.. $155  85 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 

3, 155  85 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 2,841  78 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 314  07 

BLACK  ROCK  HARBOR,  FAIRWEATHER  ISLAND,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  -.) 

The  sea-wall  built  here  with  the  appropriations  of  $10,000  in  1836  and  $11,500  in  1838,  has 
been  the  means  of  preserving  one  of  the  best  harbors  of  refuge  on  Long  Island  Sound. 

WESTPORT  HARBOR  AND   CEDAR  POINT,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Pages  122  and  126.) 

In  1836-'37  a  sea-wall  was  built  on  Cedar  Point  and  a  canal  cut  through  Great  Marsh,  which 
have  resulted  in  preserving  the  harbor  from  threatened  influx  of  sand,  and  shortened,  by  means  of 
the  canal,  the  course  westward  by  about  4  miles,  and  has  been  of  benefit  to  navigation. 

NORWALK  HARBOR,  CONNECTICUT. 

(Page  124.) 

-» 

In  1871,  before  improvement,  the  available  low-water  depth  to  South  Norwalk  was  about  5 
feet;  thence  to  Norwalk  not  more  than  1£  feet. 

The  improvement  has  secured  and  maintained  a  channel  100  feet  wide  and  nearly  8  feet  deep 
to  South  Norwalk,  and  from  60  to  80  feet  wide  and  6  feet  deep  thence  to  Norwalk. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $310  19 

August  14,  1883,  overpayment  refunded 296  30 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

5, 606  49 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 5,091  14 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 515  35 

HUNTINGTON  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 
(Page  182.) 

In  1872,  before  improvement,  the  entrance  to  this  harbor  was  obstructed  by  bowlders,  and 
long  flats  prevented  vessels  from  reaching  nearer  than  2,000  feet  of  the  wharves  of  the  town.  These 
can  now  be  reached  through  a  channel  of  8  feet  in  depth. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.      15 

POET  JEFFEESON  HAEBOE,  NEW  TOEK. 

(Page  186.) 

In  1871,  before  improvement,  a  bar  existed  just  outside  the  entrance  to  this  harbor,  having  a 
low-water  depth  of  3  to  3J  feet. 

This  entrance  has  been  deepened  to  8  feet  at  low  water  for  a  width  of  100  feet,  and  the  harbor 
is  now  accessible  for  local  commerce  and  to  passing  vessels  in  stress  of  weather. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $421  31 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 8,000  00 

8,421  31 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $486  05 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5, 273  08 

5,759  13 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,662  18 

MAMAEONECK  HAEBOE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page       .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  This  is  a  tidal  inlet  opening  into  a  broad  bay  on  the  north  shore 
of  Long  Island  Sound.  The  available  depth  at  mean  low  water  is  5  feet  half  way  up  the  inlet, 
but  to  the  head  of  the  harbor  it  is  less  than  1  foot.  There  are  several  rocks  in  and  near  the 
channel  which  have  been  the  cause  of  numerous  wrecks.  The  improvement  contemplates  the 
removal  of  the  worst  of  these  rocks,  and  dredging  to  7  feet  at  low  water  half  way  up  the  inlet  and 
4  feet  to  the  town. 

This  harbor  is  the  port  of  a  large  and  prosperous  back  country  which  would  be  much  benefited 
by  this  improvement. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $15, 000  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 78  60 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 14,921  40 

GEEENPOET  HAEBOE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page      ..) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  This  harbor  is  near  the  east  end  of  Long  Island.  It  is  protected 
from  storms  of  any  quarter  but  the  northeast.  It  is  proposed  to  construct  a  breakwater  for 
protection  from  that  quarter,  and  to  increase  the  sheltered  area,  which  has  much  diminished  owing 
to  the  erosion  of  a  projecting  point. 

Number  of  vessels  registered  at  Greenport  in  1881,  263;  tonnage,  16,271.  Gross  amount  of  the 
business  of  the  place  about  $2,000,000  in  1881. 

Amount  appropriated  by  ac-t  passed  August  2,  1882 $10, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $157  09 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 71  55 

228  64 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,771  36 

PECONIO  EIVEE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  185.) 

The  available  depth  of  channel  to  Eiverhead  was  in  1871,  before  improvement,  not  over  1J 
feet  at  low  water. 

The  available  depth  is  now  4  feet. 

DEEDGING  MUD-BAES  IN  THE  HUDSON  EIVEE  OPPOSITE  JEESEY  CITY. 

(Page  182.) 

The  appropriation  of  1875  was  expended  in  dredging  a  mud-bank  which  had  formed  opposite 
Jersey  City  to  a  depth  of  25  feet  at  mean  low  water,  but  owing  to  the  shape  of  the  river  shore 
above  the  point  dredged,  the  benefit  from  the  dredging  was  not  of  a  permanent  character. 

HUDSON  EIVEE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  181.) 

Appropriations  were  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1834  and  1852  inclusive,  and  expended 
in  construction  of  dikes,  dams,  and  revetments,  and  in  dredging.  Work  was  resumed  with  the 
appropriation  of  1864. 

In  1866,  7£  feet  could  be  carried  at  low  water  from  New  Baltimore  to  Albany,  and  from  Albany 
to  Troy  7.2  feet.  The  channels,  however,  were  very  crooked  in  places,  very  narrow,  and  of  such 
difficult  navigation  that  the  grounding  of  boats  was  of  ordinary  occurrence. 

(  UNIVERSITY) 

X^    Cii  i 


16   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOK  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

June  30,  1880,  the  condition  of  the  work  was  a  navigable  channel  from  New  Baltimore  to 
Albany  of  9J  feet  at  low  water,  and  from  Albany  to  Troy  of  8  feet.  No  survey  or  examination  has 
since  been  made.  No  complaints  of  detention  of  vessels  have  been  made. 

July  1.  1882,  amount  available $46,790  35 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 


56,790  35 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,  390  83 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 37,000  00 

40, 390  83 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 16,399  52 

RONDOUT  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  187.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  Before  improvements,  the  channel  from  the  creek  to  the  channel  of 
Hudson  River  had  a  depth  of  9  feet  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  channel  200  feet  wide  and  10 
feet  deep  including  therein  a  depth  of  12  feet  in  a  width  of  100,  and  a  depth  of  13£  feet  in  a  width 
of  50  feet.  Amount  of  commerce  benefited,  $70,000,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available f2, 268  69 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2,000  00 

4,268  69 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 3,508  66 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 760  03 

REMOVING  OBSTRUCTIONS  IN  EAST  RIVER  AND  AT  HELL  GATE,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180.) 

The  original  condition  of  the  channel  was  the  existence  of  many  large  and  dangerous  rocky 
obstructions  to  navigation,  having  over  them  depths  varying  from  11  to  20  feet,  and  what  added 
considerably  to  the  danger  from  these  reefs  was  the  bend  at  right  angles  of  the  river  at  Hell  Gate. 

The  first  appropriation  was  in  1852.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropri- 
ation of  1868.  The  condition  of  the  work  at  this  time  is  the  removal  of  Diamond,  Coenties,  Ways 
Reef,  and  Shelldrake,  to  the  depth  of  26  feet  at  mean  low  water ;  the  breaking  up  of  Heel  Tap 
Rock,  the  tunneling  and  explosion  of  Hallett's  Point,  and  the  removal  of  cUbris  to  the  depth  of 
26  feet;  the  tunneling  of  Flood  Rock  to  the  extent  of  20,236  linear  feet,  and  the  removal  therefrom 
of  72,116  cubic  yards  of  stone,  and  18,557  holes  drilled  for  the  final  blast.  The  reef  off  the  North 
Brother  has  also  been  removed  to  26  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

The  amount  of  commerce  and  navigation  benefited  by  the  completion  of  this  work  is  estimated 
at  $4,000,000  daily. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available < $25,623  35 

Received  from  sales  of  fuel 48  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Augusta,  1882 200,000  00 

225,671  35 

July  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $186,526  30 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,324  63 

189, 850  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 35,820  42 

HARLEM  RIVER,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  181.) 

An  allotment  of  $11,000  was  made  from  the  appropriation  of  1874  for  Hell  Gate,  which,  added 
to  the  appropriation  of  1875,  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  the  reef  lying  off  the  foot  of  East 
One  hundred  and  twenty-fifth  street,  New  York  City,  from  a  depth  of  9  feet  to  that  of  14J  feet  at 
mean  low  water,  thereby  giving  great  relief  to  the  large  number  of  steamers  plyiug  between  Harlem 
and  New  York. 

The  object  of  the  improvement  to  be  made  with  the  appropriation  of  1878,  and  subsequent 
ones,  is  to  connect  the  Hudson  River  and  the  East  River  with  a  15  foot  channel.  The  surveys  have 
been  completed  and  the  lines  of  improvement  mapped,  but  in  consequence  of  the  condition  that 
these  appropriations  are  not  available  until  the  right  of  way  is  secured  to  the  United  States  free 
of  cost,  operations  are  deferred  until  this  right  of  way  is  secured.  The  amount  of  commerce  to  be 
benefited  by  this  work  will  be  very  large. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $400,000 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 400,000 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      17 

BUTTERMILK  CHANNEL,  NEW  YORK. 
(Page  177.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  This  channel  in  its  original  condition  was  obstructed  by  a  large 
shoal,  with  a  least  depth  of  9£  feet  at  mean  low  water,  which  lay  in  the  direct  track  of  navigation 
and  too  near  the  wharves  of  Brooklyn  for  the  safe  passage  of  large  vessels.  The  result  of  the 
improvement  as  far  as  it  has  progressed  has  been  the  removal  of  a  part  of  the  shoal  uext  to  the 
Brooklyn  piers  for  2,400  feet  in  length  and  250  feet  in  width,  thereby  giving  great  relief  to  vessels 
going  to  the  Brooklyn  wharves.  The  amount  of  commerce  benefited  by  the  completion  of  this  work 
is  estimated  at  $1,500,000  daily. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $49, 272  71 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 §0, 000  00 


109,272  71 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $48,435  57 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 7,665  00 

56, 100  57 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 53,172  14 

GOWANUS  BAY  CHANNEL,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180. ) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  original  condition  of  the  channel  was  inadequate  for  the  navi- 
gation of  vessels  employed  in  the  commerce  of  this  district,  the  depth  of  water  varying  from  6.9 
feet  to  12.3  feet  at  mean  low  water.  The  work,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  has  resulted  in  a  chan- 
nel, by  dredging,  about  5,000  feet  long,  100  feet  wide,  and  18  feet  deep.  The  amount  of  commerce 
and  navigation  to  be  benefited  is  about  $5,000,000  annually. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $9,970  03 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,000  00 

29,970  03 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expeuded  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 10,094  34 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 19,875  69 

ECHO  HARBOR,  NEW  ROCHELLE,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  In  the  original  condition  of  navigation  there  were  two  rocky  obstruc- 
tions, one  exposed  in  part  at  low  water,  and  the  other  with  a  least  depth  of  1  foot  at  mean  low 
water.  The  work,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  has  been  the  removal  of  one  of  these  rocks  to  a 
depth  of  7  feet  at  mean  low  water,  and  of  a  portion  of  the  other  to  a  depth  of  9  feet  below  mean  low 
water.  Amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  by  the  completion  of  this  work,  $1,500,000  annually. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $491  (53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 

3,491  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 125  26 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,366  37 

NEW  ROCHELLE  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  original  condition  of  the  channel  was,  that  it  was  narrow  and 
interspersed  with  sunki-n  reel's  of  rocks  which  made  it  dangerous  for  navigation. 

The  work,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  has  been  the  dredging  of  a  channel  1,500  feet  long,  100 
feet  wide,  and  6  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  and  the  removal  of  a  rock  at  the  mouth  of  the 
channel.  No  commerce  directly  benefited. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $10,493  42 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15*000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $307  97 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 9,000  00 

9,307  97 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 16,185  45 

PORT  CHESTER  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  18i5.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  Before  improvement  the  channel  was  obstructed  by  two  rocks,  one 
with  a  depth  over  it  of  5.7  feet  at  low  water,  and  the  other  slightly  projecting  above  the  level  of 
mean  low  water. 

With  the  appropriation  of  1872,  this  last  rock  has  been  removed  to  a  depth  of  9  feet  at  meaii 
]ow  water. 

H.  Ex.  64 3 


18   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

No  work  baa  yet  been  done  with  the  appropriation  of  1882.  Amount  of  commerce  to  be 
benefited  not  reported. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,950  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Augusta,  1882 15,000  00 

16,950  00 

July  1,  1883.  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 2r>  00 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 16,925  00 

Amount  (estimated)  required  for  completion  of  existing  project 16, 632  00 

RARITAN  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 
(Page  175.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1837  were  expended  in  removing  obstructions  from  the  river 
at  New  Brunswick. 

At  the  commencement  of  operations  in  1879,  the  condition  of  navigation  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  river  was  a  least  depth  of  6  to  7  feet  at  mean  low  water,  and  7  to  8  feet  at  shoals  as  far  up  as 
New  Brunswick. 

The  result  of  the  improvement  so  far  has  been  that  by  the  construction  of  dikes  and  dredg- 
ing a  channel  12  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water  has  been  obtained  at  "the  Stakes,"  except  for  a  short 
distance  where  it  has  been  dredged  to  9  feet;  the  completion  of  a  channel  by  dredging  at  "the 
Middle  Ground,"  5,300  feet  long,  130  feet  wide,  and  12  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  and  a  channel 
1,000  feet  long,  134  feet  wide,  and  12  feet  deep  made  by  blasting  at  "  White  Heads." 

The  appropriation  of  1882  will  be  expended  in  continuation  of  the  rock  blasting  at  this  last 
point,  and  in  dredging. 

Amount  of  tonnage  passing  through  the  Delaware  and  Raritan  Canal  at  New  Brunswick  from 
March  1,  1881,  to  January  1, 1882,  1,527,579  tons. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $27,792  11 

Received  fjom  sales  of  coal 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 25,000  00 

52,  8W  11 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 188a $34,923  90 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,978  74 

30, 902  64 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 15,979  47 

SOUTH  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

,  (Page  176.) 

The  appropriations  of  1871  and  1873  were  expended  in  deepening  the  canal  or  cut  into 
Raritau  River. 

At  the  commencement  of  operations  in  1881  there  was  a  depth  of  only  3J  feet  at  the  canal 
mouth,  and  a  least  depth  of  from  2  to  3  feet  at  men  low  water  at  various  points  up  the  river. 

The  available  funds  will  be  applied  to  diking  and  dredging  in  the  canal  and  at  its  outlet 
for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  a  depth  of  8  feet  at  mean  low  water.  Amount  of  commerce  to  be 
benefited,  $3,000,000  annually. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $45,261  37 

Received  from  sales  of  coal 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

55,291  43 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $23,338  57 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 28,032  12 

* 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,920  74 

FLUSHING  BAY,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180.) 

Work  of  improvement  begun  in  1880.  A  channel  80  feet  wide,  6  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water, 
has  been  made  from  Long  Island  Sound  into  the  creek  at  Flushing,  with  a  branch  channel  of  the 
same  width  to  a  dock  on  the  Newtown  side  of  the  bay.  Before  improvement  the  least  depth  in 
channel  was  3.9  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

The  work  has  been  of  special  benefit  to  the  town  of  Flushing  and  adjacent  country. 

The  amount  of  commerce  benefited  by  this  improvement  was  estimated,  in  1882,  to  be 
$5,000,000  annually. 

July  1,  1882,  amonnt  available $2,255  71 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

7.255  71 

July  1,  1883,  amonnt  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 ?.  2-*?  08 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8  63 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPEND ITUKES   FOR   EIVEES  AND  HARBOES.       19 

PASSAIO  EIVEB  ABOVE  NEWAEK,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  174.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1872,  at  which  time  the  ruling  depth  was  about  3  feet ;  this  has  been 
increased  to  6  feet  at  mean  low  water,  with  a  channel  from  60  to  75  feet  in  width  from  Belleville 
to  Passaic,  affording  increased  facilities  for  the  transportation  of  heavy  freight. 

In  1877,  the  amount  of  commerce  benefited  was  estimated  at  $1,000,000;  in  1882,  at  $2,000,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,452  62 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 7,000-00 

9, 452  62 
July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 53  50 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,399  12 

PASSAIO  EIVEE  FEOM   PENNSYLVANIA  BAILROAD  BEIDGE  TO  ITS  MOUTH. 

(Page  174.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1880.  The  depth  at  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  has  been 
increased  from  7  to  10  feet,  and  that  depth  carried  up,  with  a  width  of  200  feet,  to  a  point  1  mile 
above. 

The  improvement  thus  far  made  has  been  of  direct  and  important  benefit  to  shipping  and 
manufacturing  interests  centered  at  Newark.  Twenty-two  thousand  vessels  passed  through  the 
draw  of  the  lowest  bridge  on  the  river  iu  1881. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $9,929  82 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 43, 000  00 

52,929  82 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities,  July  1,1882 $21,068  87 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,035  65 

24, 104  52 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 28,825  30 

CUANNEL  BETWEEN  STATEN  ISLAND  AND  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  259.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1874,  at  which  time  the  least  depth  of  water  in  channel  was  10  feet  at 
mean  low  water.  This  has  been  increased  to  13  feet  in  a  channel  200  feet  wide,  and  12  feet  in  a 
channel  340  feet  wide. 

This  improvement,  as  far  as  made,  is  of  great  and  increasing  benefit  to  an  extensive  commerce. 

For  Elizabethport  the  trade  in  1882  was,  in  coal,  3,225,000  tons ;  iron  and  other  freight, 
122,500  tons. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3, 828  65 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 / 40,000  00 

43,828  65 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1682 42,033  27 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,795  38 

ICE  BEEAKEE  ON  STATEN  ISLAND,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  188.) 

The  object  of  the  appropriation  of  1836  was  to  provide  a  breakwater  at  the  quarantine  grounds 
to  protect  the  public  wharf  and  buildings  from  northeast  gales.  It  was  applied  to  building  cut- 
stone  piers,  the  spaces  between  which  were  occupied  by  piles.  The  work  was  not  for  the  benefit  of 
general  commerce. 

NEWAEK  BAY,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  174.) 

The  project  adopted  for  the  application  of  the  appropriation  of  1852,  was  to  open  a  channel 
through  the  bar  at  the  junction  of  the  Passaic  and  Hackensack  rivers,  100  feet  in  width,  and  of 
such  depth,  not  exceeding  11  £  feet,  as  the  appropriation  would  secure.  The  funds  were  exhausted 
before  the  work  of  obtaining  a  suitable  channel  was  accomplished,  and  during  the  long  interval 
between  this  and  the  next  appropriation  iu  1872,  the  cut  made  was  obliterated. 

No  material  benefit  to  commerce  resulted. 

SHEEWSBUEY  EIVEE,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  175.) 

Work  of  improvement  begun  in  1871.  Benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  obtaining  a 
depth  of  6  feet  at  mean  low  water  from  the  month  to  head  of  navigation  on  the  North  Branch, 
and  for  nearly  the  entire  length  of  the  main  stem  and  South  Branch,  the  depth  before  the 
improvement  being  only  about  3  feet. 


20      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  value  of  the  commerce  in  Shrewsbury  River  and  its  branches  was  estimated  to  be.  in  1870, 
$1,175,100;  in  1882,  $2,501,425. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $19,507  01 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30,000  00 


49,507  01 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $32,495  17 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,056  78 

36,551  95 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12,955  06 

LITTLE  EGG  HARBOR,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  174.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1838  were  expended  for  the  preservation  of  Tucker's  Island 
by  the  construction  of  jetties  perpendicular  to  the  shore,  to  arrest  abrasion  by  the  surf;  these  were 
eventually  carried  away  by  storms.  Upon  inspection  in  1853,  it  was  concluded  not  to  repair 
them,  as  it  was  found  that  the  abrasion  they  were  designed  to  prevent  had  actually  occurred  with- 
out injury  to  the  harbor.  The  appropriation  of  1852,  made  for  repairs,  was  not  expended,  but  cov- 
ered into  the  Treasury. 

RAHWAY  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  175.) 

Work  of  improvement  begun  in  1879,  and  has  resulted  thus  far  in  increasing  the  depth  of 
water  for  5  miles  (from  the  month  of  the  river  to  near  the  head  of  navigation)  from  4i  feet  at  mean 
high  water,  to  7  feet  in  a  channel  from  40  to  70  feet  wide. 

Commerce  has  been  benefited  by  increased  advantages  for  the  shipment  of  coal,  lumber,  and 
miscellaneous  merchandise.  The  work  being  incomplete,  the  full  advantage  has  not  yet  been  shown. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,556  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 7,000  00 


11,556  18 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 ". $4,766  86 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,254  30  ' 

8.021  16 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,535  02 

ELIZABETH  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  173.) 

Begun  in  1879.  The  advantage  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  an  increase  of  depth  from  4J 
to  7  feet,  affording  greater  facilities  for  transportation.  The  work  is  still  unfinished,  but  its 
advantages  will  be  increased  as  it  is  carried  further  up-stream. 

Tonnage  on  the  river,  for  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  20,937  tons. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $8, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $204  54 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,348  51 

2,553  05 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,446  95 

• 

WOODBRIDGE  CREEK,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  176.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1879.  Benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  increased  depth  of  about 
3  feet.  The  improvement  is  not  yet  completed. 

The  tonnage  for  the  year  1882  was  116,150  tons.  Large  quantities  of  clay,  fire-brick,  drain- 
pipes, &c.,  are  shipped,  and  the  facilities  for  transportation  are  much  increased. 


Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $.r>,  000 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year r>,  000 


00 
00 


MANASQUAN  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  174.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1881.  The  depth  on  the  bar  was  originally  from  1  foot  to  18  inche* ; 
in  the  inner  basin  the  least  depth  was  about  4  feet.  The  improvement  is  incomplete,  and  while 
the  general  effect  of  the  work  so  far  executed  has  been  to  maintain  the  outlet  in  a  more  nearly 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDIEUBES  FOE  EIVBES  AND  HAEBOES.   21 

stationary  condition,  and  to  increase  the  depth  on  the  bar,  so  that  it  now  varies  from  18  inches  to 

4  feet,  but  little  benefit  has  yet  resulted  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1, 518  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1885J 7,  000  00 

8,518  92 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $2,393  38 

July  1,  1883,  onstanding  liabilities - 6,124  01 

8,517  39 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1  53 

EABITAN   BAY,   NEW   JEESEY. 

(Page  175.) 

Work  of  improvement  begun  in  1881.  The  least  depth  across  the  shoal  separating  the  deep 
water  of  main  ship-channel  of  New  York  Harbor,  from  the  deep  water  leading  to  Perth  Amboy  and 
South  Amboy,  was  14£  feet  at  mean  low  water.  This  has  been  increased  to  21  feet  for  a  width 
of  105  feet.  The  work  is  still  incomplete,  a  width  of  300  feet  for  the  channel  being  contemplated. 

The  benefit  resulting  to  commerce  is  not  only  to  that  of  the  above  towns,  but  to  a  large  extent 
of  country  having  railroad  terminal  facilities  at  these  points. 

Tonnage  cleared  and  entered  at  Perth  Amboy  in  1882,  64,550  tons. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $207  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882   50, 000  00 

50,207  53 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $828  34 

July  1.  1883,  outstanding  liabilities : 12,364  00 

13, 192  34 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 37,015  19 

MATTAWAN  CEEEK,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  174.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1881.  Commerce  has  been  benefited  by  an  increase  of  the  depth  from 
about  2£  to  4  feet  at  mean  low  water,  from  the  mouth  of  the  creek  to  head  of  navigation,  for  a 
width  of  100  feet  at  the  bar,  and  from  25  to  50  feet  higher  up,  the  full  width  intended  being  not 
yet  attained. 

In  1881  the  shipments  were  valued  at  $800,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $155  09 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6,  000  00 

6, 155  09 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 6,155  09 

CHEESEQUAKES  CEEEK,   NEW  JEESEY. 
(Page  173.) 

The  work  of  improving  the  navigation  of  this  stream  having  only  been  begun  in  1882,  there 
are  as  yet  no  results  to  show  the  advantage  to  commerce.  At  present  there  is  only  1  foot  depth 
at  low  water  on  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  creek. 

For  the  year  ending  June  30,  1881,  the  number  of  vessels  passing  in  and  out  of  the  creek  was 
stated  to  be  560. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $24, 292  11 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,  000  00 

39,292  11 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $21,248  24 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,578  46 

27, 826  70 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 11,465  41 

KEYPOET  HAEBOE,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page .) 

A  harbor  in  Earitan  Bay  accessible  to  steamboats  drawing  6  feet,  and  to  small  schooners. 

First  appropriation,  August  2, 1882.  The  least  depth  at  present  is  about  5  feet  at  mean  low 
water,  which  it  is  proposed  to  increase  to  8  feet.  No  work  has  been  done. 

For  the  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  the  total  value  of  exports  was  estimated  at  $4,070,000,  and 
of  imports,  $1,851,250.  It  is  the  outlet  of  many  of  the  products  of  six  townships  of  New  Jersey. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $30, 475  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $356  65 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 447  12 

803  77 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,671  23 


22      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

SHEEPSHEAD  BAY,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  188.) 

The  depth  at  the  present  iulet  is  about  2  feet  at  mean  low  water,  with  about  4  feet  in  the 
interior  basin.  The  plan  of  improvement  provides  for  a  depth  of  6  feet. 

The  work  to  be  executed  under  the  appropriations  of  1880,  1881,  and  1882  has  been  contracted 
for,  but  not  yet  begun,  and  consequently  there  is  as  yet  no  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $7,356  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,  000  00 

10,356  18 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 72  08 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10,284  10 

CANARSIE  BAY,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  178.) 

This  improvement  is  intended  to  connect  Cauarsie  Landing  with  the  deep  water  of  Jamaica 
Bay  by  channel  of  6  feet  at  low  water,  the  original  depth  being  4.J  feet.  Nothing  having  been 
done  beyond  the  construction  of  a  dike,  in  1881,  there  is  as  yet  but  little  benefit  to  commerce, 
although  the  dike  has  had  the  designed  effect  of  deepening  the  outlet  of  Cauarsie  Channel.  The 
amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  has  not  been  reported. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available ; $5,220  71 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3, 000  00 


8, 220  71 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 6,220  71 

SUMPAWAMS  INLET,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  188.) 

Extends  from  Great  South  Bay  to  the  village  of  Babylon. 

The  depth  in  the  channel  is  from  1  to  5  feet  at  mean  low  water.  The  project  of  improvement 
provides  for  a  channel  having  a  uniform  depth  of  5  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

The  work  to  be  executed  under  the  appropriations  of  1881  and  1882  has  been  contracted  for, 
but  not  yet  begun,  so  that  there  is  as  yet  no  advantage  to  commerce.  The  amount  of  trade  has 
been  estimated  at  $500,000. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $4,968  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2, 000  00 

6.968  00 
July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 6,861  07 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 106  93 

EAST  CHESTER  CREEK,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  179.) 

First  appropriation  1873.     Work  begun  1877. 

Before  improvement  the  least  depth  at  mean  high  water  was  less  than  7  feet,  with  a  narrow 
and  crooked  channel.  This  has  been  increased  to  9  feet,  and  the  channel  straightened  for  a  dis- 
tance of  about  5,500  feet,  with  a  reduction  of  nearly  half  the  length  of  channel. 

The  advantages  of  this  improvement  have  been  mainly  to  the  towns  of  East  Chester  and 
Mount  Vernon  in  affording  increased  facilities  for  transportation  of  coal,  lumber,  and  general  mer- 
chandise. The  work  is  incomplete. 

Value  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  is  estimated  at  $2,200,000. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $7,101  80 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 20  00 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 7,081  80 

NEWTOWN  CREEK,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  183.) 

First  appropriation  1880.     Work  begun  1881. 

Before  the  beginning  of  work  the  least  depth  at  mean  low  water  in  the  section  of  the  stream 
under  improvement  was  12  J  feet.  A  channel  from  15  to  17  feet  deep  and  about  60  feet  wide  has 
been  excavated. 

The  improvement  being  incomplete,  the  advantage  to  commerce  is  not  yet  fully  developed. 

In  1880  the  amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  was  estimated  at  more  than '$10,000,000, 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.   23 

4 

This  is  believed  to  have  largely  increased.    The  principal  refineries  of  petroleum  are  located  on 
this  stream. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,147  11 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15, 000  00 

10,147  11 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 " ! - 15,200  24 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  946  87 

DELAWARE  RIVER,  BETWEEN  TRENTON  AND  BRIDESBURG. 

(Page  228.) 

Improvement  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1873,  and  prosecuted  mainly  in  the  vicinity  of 
Bordentown,  N.  J. 

The  navigable  capacity  of  this  portion  of  the  river  before  improvement  was  3  feet  at  low 
water.  The  least  depth  is  now  6  feet  at  low  water  and  only  on  the  bar  3£  miles  below  Bordentown. 

The  resulting  benefit  to  commerce  is  facilitating  the  access  to  the  Delaware  and  Raritan 
Canal  for  the  numerous  vessels  engaged  in  the  canal  and  river  trade. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 '. $6,724  28 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 450  16 

7,174  44 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,825  56 

DELAWARE  RIVER,  BELOW  BRIDESBURG,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  228.) 

Improvement  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1873. 

1.  At  Five-Mile  Point. — The  navigable  capacity  of  the  river  at  this  point  was  from  6  to  7  feet 
before  improvement.    It  is  now  9  feet  at  mean  low  water  by  a  straight  and  narrow  channel  past 
this  point. 

The  project  contemplates  widening  the  channel. 

The  improvement  has  benefited  the  up-river  trade  to  Trenton  and  intermediate  points. 

2.  Petty's  Island  Bar. — The  navigable  capacity  here  before  improvement  was  14  feet  at  low 
water.    The  present  navigable  capacity  is  24  feet,  in  a  low-water  channel  225  feet  wide. 

3.  Smith's  Island  Bar. — The  navigable  capacity  before  improvement  was  C  feet  at  low  water. 
There  is  now  a  low-water  channel  200  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep  at  low  water. 

4.  Mifflin  Bar  (page  229). — First  appropriation  1836.    The  present  improvement  dates  from 
the  appropriation  of  1873. 

/The  navigable  capacity  across  this  bar  when  this  improvement  was  begun  was  about  18  feet 
at  low  water;  during  the  last  three  years  it  has  varied  from  22  to  26  feet  at  low  water. 

5.  Bulkhead  Shoals  (page  229). — The  navigable  capacity  before  the  improvement  was  begun 
was  about  21  feet  at  low  water.    About  one-fourth  of  a  low-water  channel  of  24  feet  depth  has 
been  dredged  across  these  shoals  to  the  depth  of  22  feet.    This  channel  is  designed  to  be  900  feet 
wide  when  finished. 

The  rapidly-increasing  commerce  of  the  city  of  Philadelphia  calling  constantly  for  larger 
vessels  of  deeper  draught  and  greater  capacity,  has  been  benefited  to  a  marked  degree  by  the 
increase  of  a  navigable  capacity  of  the  Delaware  below  Bridesburg. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 1 $74,821  91 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 136, 000  00 

210,821  91 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $-8,464  97 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,117  02 

89,581  99 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 121,239  92 

6.  Schooner  Ledge  (page  229). — First  appropriation  1879.    The  navigable  capacity  across  this 
ledge  before  improvement  was  from  18  to  19  feet  at  low  water.    There  is  now  a  channel  220  feet 
wide  with  24  feet  depth  at  low  water  across  this,  the  most  dangerous  and  serious  obstruction  to 
the  passage  of  the  larger  class  of  vessels. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $16,377  54 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,  000  00 

56,377  54 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $44,344  75 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,464  60 

48,809  35 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,568  19 


24      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

7.  Cherry  Island  Flats  (page  229). — Work  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1879,  at  which  time 
there  was  about  18  to  19  feet  at  low  water  in  the  two  channels  across  these  flats.  There  is  now  a 
depth  of  24  feet  at  low  water.  The  new  channel  is  now  390  feet  wide.  The  project  contemplates 
a  width  of  900  feet. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available -. $26,216  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1862 100,  000  00 


126,216  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $62,699  19 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 19,833  08 

82,532  27 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 43,683  73 

ICE  HARBOR  AT  THE  HEAD  OF  DELAWARE  BAY. 

(Page  ). 

The  appropriation  of  August  2, 1882,  for  this  work  remains  unexpended. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $25, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 74  78 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 24.925  22 

ICE  HARBOR  AT  REEDY  ISLAND,  DELAWARE  RIVER. 

(Page  128.) 

At  intervals  between  the  years  1828  and  1852,  appropriations  were  made  for  the  construction 
and  repair  of  piers  at  this  and  other  points  on  the  Delaware. 

The  piers  here  have  gone  to  decay  for  want  of  appropriations  for  repairs,  and  are  now 
unserviceable. 

ICE  HARBOR  AT  MARCUS  HOOK,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  202.) 

The  benefit  to  commerce  from  this  improvement  has  been  to  furnish  a  sheltered  area  of  about 
eight  acres  to  vessels  in  winter  from  running  ice.    Its  capacity  might  be  advantageously  increased. 

July  1.  1882,  amount  available $38,796  12 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15, 000  00 

53,790  12 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $8,499  96 

July  1,  1683,  outstanding  liabilities 15,345  00 

23,844  96 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,951  1(5 

ICE  HARBOR  AT  CHESTER,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  201.) 

The  usefulness  of  this  harbor  as  a  shelter  to  vessels  in  winter  has  been  so  diminished  by  the 
extension  of  private  wharves  and  the  gradual  advance  of  the  low-water  mark,  that  it  is  at  present 
of  very  little  value. 

RANCOCAS  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  175.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  improvement,  so  far  as  made,  has  been  the  dredging  of  a  con- 
tinuous channel,  85  feet  wide,  through  a  bar  in  the  stream,  to  a  depth  of  GJ  at  mean  low  water, 
where  there  was  before  but  4  feet. 

The  amount  of  commerce  benefited  is  unknown. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 9,148  10 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 851  90 

FRANKFORD  CREEK,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  A  7-foot  low-water  channel,  as  wide  as  the  safety  of  the  banks 
would  warrant,  has  been  made  from  the  mouth  to  the  bend  above  the  bridge. 

The  benefit  to  be  derived  from  this  is  to  enable  vessels  of  greater  draught  to  ascend  to 
that  point. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $509  30 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 8,090  94 

8,60024 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,399  76 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      25 

SCHUYLKILL  RIVER,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  203.) 

First  appropriation,  1870.  When  this  work  was  begun  the  channel  of  entrance  from  the 
Delaware  had  a  mean  low-water  depth  of  15  feet.  A  low-water  channel,  from  the  Delaware  to 
1,500  feet  above  Girard's  Point,  24  feet  deep  and  250  feet  wide,  is  now  nearly  completed ;  and 
thence  to  Point  Breeze,  one  of  20  feet  deep,  and  about  175  feet  wide,  is  also  nearly  completed. 

The  lower  part  of  this  river,  on  which  the  improvements  are  now  in  progress,  is  oue  of  the 
most  important  parts  of  the  port  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  point  of  departure  for  the  heaviest  cargoes. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $54,093  94 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

79,093  94 
July  1, 1883,  amounted  expended  duriug  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $39,389  15 

July  1,  1883,  outstaudiug  liabilities 10,484  97 

49,8,74  12 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,219  82 

• 

WOODBURY  GREEK,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Nothing  was  expended  on  this  work  up  to  June  30,  1883,  except 
for  a  survey. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 450  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,549  69 

MANTUA  CREEK,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.    No  money  has  yet  been  expended  on  this  work. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

RACOON  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Nothing  was  expended  on  this  work  up  to  June  30,  1883,  except 
for  surveys. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  80 

July  1,  1883.  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 757  23 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,248  77 

CHESTER  CREEK,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  201.) 

First  appropriation  1881.  Work  is  in  progress  for  making  a  channel  7£  feet  deep  at  low  water, 
and  from  40  to  50  feet  wide,  from  a  bridge  in  Chester,  the  head  of  navigation,  to  deep  water  in 
Delaware  River.  Before  this  work  began,  the  depth  of  water  was  4£  feet. 

The  creek  passes  through  the  heart  of  the  town  of  which  it  is  the  drainage  sewer,  and  is  used 
by  small  craft  and  canal  boats.  Benefit  to  commerce,  local. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,927  08 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 

5,927  08 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 5,927  08 

WILMINGTON  HARBOR,  DELAWARE. 

(Page  129.) 

First  appropriation,  1830.  The  present  improvement  of  the  entrance  to  and  channel  of  Chris- 
tiana River  which  constituted  the  harbor  of  Wilmington,  was  begun  in  1871,  at  which  time  the 
navigable  capacity  into  Wilmington  Harbor  was  a  narrow,  12-foot  channel  at  low  water,  to  near 
the  Third  Street  bridge  in  Wilmington,  with  the  exception  of  a  shoal  area  of  considerable  extent 
near  the  entrance.  The  project  contemplated  the  creation  of  a  15-foot  low-water  channel.  The 

H.  Ex.  64 4 


26   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

work  is  in  progress  and  lias  been,  as  far  as  accomplished,  of  benefit  to  the  growing  commerce  of 
the  place. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $32,443  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 50,000  00 

82, 443  58 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  Jnlyl,  1882 $68,226  23 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 10,  412  93 

78,639  16 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,804  42 

NEW  CASTLE  HARBOR,  DELAWARE. 

(Page  128.) 

The  origin  of  this  artificial  harbor  dates  back  to  colonial  times,  and  was  suggested  by  the 
necessity  of^roviding  a  place  of  refuge  for  vessels  during  the  prevalence  of  ice.  The  expendi- 
tures by  the  General  Government  since  1826  have  been  for  the  preservation  and  extension  of  the 
inclosed  area.  This  harbor,  since  that  at  Reedy  Island,  10  miles  below,  has  become  useless,  is  the 
first  reached  by  vessels  coming  from  sea.  During  the  existence  of  heavy  ice  in  the  Delaware  it  is 
usually  crowded  with  vessels,  large  steamers  frequently  availing  themselves  of  its  shelter. 

SALEM  RIVER,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  175.) 

First  appropriation,  Ih71.  The  benefit  to  commerce  from  this  improvement  has  resulted  from 
an  increase  of  the  navigable  capacity  of  the  stream  by  about  3  feet. 

There  are  fifty  vessels  of  all  classes  with  a  tonnage  of  about  4,000  belonging  to  Salem ;  but 
the  greater  part  of  its  trade,  which  is  considerable,  is  in  vessels  belonging  to  other  ports. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $137  93 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 1,500  00 

1,637  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  vear,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 '. 147  27 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,490  66 

COHANSEY  CREEK,  NEW  JERSEY. 

(Page  173.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  Before  improvement  the  bed  of  the  stream  in  front  of  Bridgeton 
was  almost  bare  at  low  water.  The  stream  has  now  a  navigable  capacity  of  7  feet  at  low  water 
from  Bridgetou  to  the  Delaware  River,  which  has  greatly  benefited  the  commerce  of  the  place. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6,498  41 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

11,498  41 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 10,800  65 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 697  76 

MISPILLION  CREEK,  DELAWARE. 

(Page  128.) 

This  improvement,  begun  in  1879,  has  consisted  in  removing  the  shoals  in  the  creek  to  a  depth 
of  6  feet  at  low  water,  beginning  at  Milford,  the  head  of  navigation,  and  proceeding  down-strea 
As  thus  far  carried  out  it  has  been  of  much  benefit  to  ship-builders,  and  to  navigation  generally, 
lessening  the  expense  of  delays  in  passing  up  and  down  the  creek. 

The  most  important  business  interests  are  ship-building  and  the  lumber  trade.  Milford  is  also 
the  center  of  a  large  wheat  and  fruit  growing  district. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $54  32 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 3, 000  00 

3,054  32 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

Julyl,  18b2 3,054  32 

MOUTH  OF  DUCK  CREEK,  DELAWARE. 

(Page  127.) 

First  appropriation  1880.  The  benefit  to  commerce  from  this  improvement  has  been  the 
dredging  of  an  8-foot  channel  at  low  water,  75  feet  wide,  and  about  000  yards  long,  where  there 
was  originally  a  least  depth  of  only  3  feet.  This,  besides  adding  to  the  facilities  of  trade,  has 


or  THI 


Y  J 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVERS  AND  HAEBOES.   27 

made  an  easier  entrance  for  the  numerous  small  vessels  that  could  only  use  it  as  a  harbor  of  refuge 
whenever  the  tide  admitted  their  passing  into  the  creek. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ..................................     $2,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882  .....................................................................      2,000  00 

SAINT  JONES  EIVEE,  DELAWAEE. 

(Page  129.) 

First  appropriation  1881.  The  project  provides  for  a  3-foot  low-  water  channel  through  the  bar 
at  the  mouth  of  the  river  at  a  cost  of  $35,000.  It  having  been  decided  to  defer  the  expenditure  of 
this  appropriation  until  further  action  of  Congress,  no  action  has  been  taken  towards  the  expend- 
iture of  the  amount  available. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available  ........................................  ..............     |4,882  10 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  .....................................................      4,882  10 

MAUEICE  EIVEE,  NEW  JEESEY. 

(Page  —  .) 

First  appropriation  1882.  The  original  project  consisted  in  improving  the  navigation  in  shoal 
places  so  as  to  give  a  6-foot  channel  to  Millville,  24  miles  from  the  niouth. 

The  amount  appropriated  being  too  small  to  be  profitably  expended,  nothing  has  been  done 
upon  the  improvement. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  would  be  local. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ..................................     $3,000  00 

July  1,  18a3,  amount  available  .....................................................       3,  000  00 

INDIAN  EIVEE,  DELAWAEE. 

(Page  —  .) 

First  appropriation  1882. 

The  improvement  required  is  to  create  a  4-foot  channel  over  the  bar  and  in  a  shoal  in  the 
river,  where  there  is  now  but  2  feet. 

Up  to  June  30,  1883,  a  small  amount  had  been  expended  in  dredging  upon  the  shoal  in  the  river. 
The  benefit  to  commerce  is  local. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  .................................  $10,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 
liabilities  July  1,  1882  ...................................................  $537  94 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities  .......................................     854  22 

--      1,392  16 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  .....................................................       8,607  84 

BEOADKILN  EIVEE,  DELAWAEE. 

(Page  126.) 

First  appropriation  1873.  Numerous  shoals  have  been  dredged  between  the  mouth  of  the 
river  and  the  town  of  Melton  to  a  depth  of  5  feet  at  low  water. 

The  balance  of  funds  now  remaining  on  hand  being  too  small  to  effect  any  useful  improvement 
at  the  entrance,  which  is  obstructed  by  a  broad  expanse  of  shoal,  work  has  been  deferred  to  await 
future  action  of  Congress. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted,  owing  to  the  unfinished  condition  of  the  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available  .....................................................     $8,  977  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882...  ................................       5,000  00 


13, 977  58 
July  1,  1883,  amount  available 13,977  58 

IEON  PIEE  IN  DELAWAEE  BAY  NEAE  LEWES,  DELAWAEE. 

(Page  127.) 

The  benefit  to  commerce  from  this  improvement  has  been  very  great  in  furnishing  a  perma- 
nent landing  place  for  the  harbor  of  Delaware  Breakwater  to  vessels  seeking  the  protection  or  use 
of  that  harbor  of  refuge. 

This  pier  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1870,  and  is  now  about  being  completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,274  05 

Amount  appropriated  by  an  act  passed  August  2,  1882 13, 000  00 

14,274  05 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 8,506  86 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,767  19 


28      APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUBES   FOE   EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 

HAEBOE  AT  DELAWAEE  BEEAKWATEE. 

(Page  126.) 

This  great  artificial  harbor  of  refuge  was  begun  with  an  appropriation  made  in  1822.  It  has 
for  many  years  fulfilled,  so  far  as  its  capacity  has  enabled  it  to  do  so,  the  design  of  its  projectors; 
but  the  growth  of  commerce,  particularly  during  the  last  thirty  years,  has  so  far  exceeded  possible 
anticipation  as  to  practically  exclude  more  than  a  fractional  part  from  the  intended  shelter.  Work 
is  now  in  progress  under  recent  appropriations  for  closing  the  gap  between  the  breakwater  proper 
and  the  ice  breaker  in  order  to  furnish  the  larger  sheltered  area  required  and  to  prevent  shoaling 
in  the  harbor. 

Between  the  dates  of  February  1,  1862,  and  July  3,  1879,  218,607  vessels  anchored  in  the 
harbor.  In  1880  the  number  was  14,000. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $125,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $17,379  35 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 59,322  40 

76,701  75 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 48,298  25 

EEMOVAL  OF  WEECKS  FEOM  DELAWAEE  BEEAKWATEE  HAEBOE. 

(Page  127.) 
This  has  benefited  commerce  by  adding  security  to  vessels  using  the  harbor. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,289  47 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,289  47 

IMPEOVEMENT  OF  NOETH  BEANCH  OF  SUSQUEHANNA  EIVEE,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  203.) 

First  appropriation  1880.  The  navigable  capacity  of  that  part  of  the  river  where  the  pro- 
jected improvement  is  now  completed  was  originally  1J  feet.  It  has  now  3  feet  at  low  water  to 
Wilkes  Barre. 

No  statistics  of  the  amount  of  commerce  benefited. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,255  38 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 


20,255  38 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $11,772  80 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1, 414  20 

13, 187  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,068  38 

SUSQUEHANNA  EIVEE  NEAE  HAVEE  DE  GEACE,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

In  1852,  before  improvement,  the  least  depth  at  low  water  was  6  feet.  The  channel  has  been 
dredged  several  times  since  that  date  to  10  or  12  feet  at  low  water,  for  temporary  relief,  with  the 
small  appropriations  occasionally  made  at  the  urgent  request  of  the  community  interested  in  the 
navigation.  There  has  never  been  an  appropriation  large  enough  to  justify  even  beginning  a  proper 
improvement.  The  last  one,  of  1882,  comes  nearer  to  a  sufficient  sum. 

The  unsatisfactory  results  of  former  attempts  at  improvement  have  checked  the  development  of 
trade  between  this  locality  and  others,  especially  Baltimore,  which  might  be  reasonably  expected. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $167  54 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 25, 000  00 

25, 167  54 
Julv  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,431  29 

Julyl,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 23  01 

6,454  30 


Julyl,  1883,  amount  available 18,713  24 

NOETHEAST  EIVEE,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  149.) 

In  1872,  before  improvement,  the  least  depth  at  low  water  was  2  feet.     It  is  now  6  feet. 
The  improvement  has  proved  of  great  advantage  to  shipping  interests  affected  by  it. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      29 

ELK  RIVER,  MARYLAND. 

(Page  149.  ) 

In  1872,  before  improvement,  the  least  depth  of  water  at  the  shallowest  place  was  1£  feet  at 
mean  low  water. 

There  is  now  a  mean  low-water  depth  of  7  feet  in  the  channel. 

This  improvement  has  facilitated  trade  between  Baltimore  and  Elkton,  and  has  lessened  costs 
of  freight  on  coal  and  other  commodities  used  in  the  community. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $6, 500  00 

July  1,  188:4,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 944  42 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5, 555  58 

CHESTER  RIVER,  FROM  SPRY'S  LANDING  TO  CRUMPTON,  MARYLAND. 

(Page  149.) 

In  1881,  before  improvement,  the  least  depth  at  mean  low  water  was  4£  feet.  It  is  now  8. 
The  work  is  in  an  incomplete  state.  There  is  a  trade  of  some  importance  on  the  river  in  steam 
boats  and  sailing  vessels,  which  is  expected  to  increase  when  the  improvement  is  completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $166  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6, 500  00 

6,666  84 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882   $3,231  32 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 322  21 

3, 553  53 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,113  31 

CORSICA  CREEK,  MARYLAND. 

(Page — .) 

The  first  appropriation  made  is  that  of  August  2, 1882.  As  but  little  benefit  could  be  derived 
from  this  unless  added  to  by  another,  its  application  has  been  deferred  to  await  future  action  of 
Congress. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

Julv  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 4  30 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,995  70 

CHESTER  RIVER  AT  KENT  ISLAND  NARROWS,  MARYLAND. 

(Page   149.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  Impassable  before  improvement,  on  account  of  a  causeway  con- 
structed fifty  years  since. 

A  navigation  of  7  to  8  feet  existing  before  the  causeway  was  built  has  been  restored  by 
its  removal.  The  work  has  not  been  of  much  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,500  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,500  00 

HARBOR  AT  QUEENSTOWN,  MARYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

First  appropriation  in  1871.    None  since  1879. 

The  improvement  has  deepened  the  channel  of  approach  to  the  harbor  2  feet. 
The  benefit  to  commerce  is  increased  traffic  by  sailing  vessels  and  steamers,  and  greater 
usefulness  as  a  place  of  refuge  in  storms. 

CHANNEL  IN  PATAPSCO  RIVER  AND  CHESAPEAK  BAY  LEADING  TO  BALTIMORE, 

MARYLAND. 

(Pages  148,149.) 

Before  improvement,  but  16  feet  at  mean  low  water  could  be  carried  to  Baltimore.  This 
was  increased  to  24  feet  in  1874,  and  is  now  being  increased  to  27  feet.  In  addition  to  the  amount 
appropriated  by  Congress  for  this  improvement,  the  city  of  Baltimore  and  the  State  of  Maryland, 
chiefly  the  former,  have  contributed  $584,000  to  this  work. 

The  improvement  has  given  rise  to  great  development  of  commerce,  especially  from  its  having 
admitted  the  use  of  steamships  of  the  largest  size  to  European  and  coastwise  ports. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $238,361  25 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 450, 000  00 

688,361  25 
July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

*  liabilities  July  1,  1882 $334,973  23 

July  1,  1883.  outstanding  liabilities 42,505  69 

377, 478  92 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available ,....,..„ 310,883  33 


30      APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 

HAEBOE  OF  ANNAPOLIS,  MAEYLAD. 

(Page  148.) 

Two  appropriations  have  been  made,  of  $5,000  each,  in  1880  and  1881,  but  neither  has  been 
expended,  as  no  substantial  improvement  could  be  expected  with  the  sum  appropriated. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $9,205  98 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9.205  98 

CAMBEIDGE  HAEBOR,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  148.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Before  improvement  about  4J  feet  only  could  be  carried  to  the 
wharves  of  the  town. 

A  channel  has  been  made  from  deep  water  to  the  wharves  100  feet  wide  and  8  feet  deep  at  low 
water  and  the  inner  harbor  enlarged,  by  which  the  trade  of  the  town  has  been  much  benefited. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,687  70 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,687  70 

SECEETAEY  CEEEK,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

In  1877  not  more  than  about  4J  feet  could  be  carried  in  the  creek  when  funds  were  raised 
by  private  parties  and  some  dredging  done.  First  appropriation  by  United  States,  1880.  The 
channel  has  been  made  100  feet  wide,  and  7  feet  deep  at  low  water,  with  a  turning-basin  at  the 
town  wharf. 

There  is  a  daily  line  of  steamers  on  this  creek  running  to  other  points  and  to  Baltimore,  and 
also  considerable  shipment  of  grain  and  fruit  in  the  season. 

TEEADHAVEN  CEEEK,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  improvement  here  has  been  the  making  of  a  channel  150  feet 
wide  and  8  feet  deep  at  low  water  for  3  miles  up  to  Easton  Point,  the  landing  place  of  the  town  of 
Easton,  which  has  a  large  trade  in  grain,  fruit,  lumber,  &c. 

CHOPTANK  EIVEE,  BETWEEN  DENTON  AND  GEEENSBOEOUGH,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  149.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  There  are  numerous  and  extensive  shoals  in  the  river,  with  from  2  to 
4  feet  depth  at  mean  low  water.  The  improvement  is  not  completed  and  is  designed  for  a  6-foot 
low-water  channel.  Benefit  to  commerce  is  as  yet  small. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 |5,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 4,949  67 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 50  33 

WATEE    PASSAGE    BETWEEN    DEAL'S    ISLAND   AND    LITTLE    DEAL'S    ISLAND, 

MAEYLAND.     LOWEE  TEOEOUGHFAEE. 

(Page  149.) 

This,  before  improvement  in  1881,  had  a  depth  of  2£  feet  at  mean  low  water;  it  has  now  6  feet. 
The  benefit  to  commerce  is  that  it  furnishes  a  harbor  of  refuge,  needed  in  that  vicinity,  for 
small  vessels. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $78  92 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 76  67 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2  25 

WATEE  PASSAGE  BETWEEN  DEAL'S  ISLAND  AND  THE  MAINLAND,  MAEYLAND. 

UPPER  THOEOUGHFAEE. 

(Page  — .) 
First  appropriation,  August  2,  1882.     Work  not  yet  begun. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  hseal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 189  74 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,810  26 

BEOAD  CEEEK,  DELAWAEE,  FEOM  ITS  MOUTH  TO  LAUEEL. 

(Page  126.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Depth  of  water  at  shoalest  places,  about  1  foot  at  mean  low  water, 
but  generally  much  deeper.  The  work  in  progress  is  to  obtain  a  low-water  navigation  of  6  feet 
to  Laurel. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOE   EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.       31 

The  work  being  incomplete  has  been  as  yet  of  no  advantage  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available - $6,170  17 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5, 000  00 

11, 170  17 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 11, 170  17 

WICOMICO  EIVEE,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  151.) 

The  first  appropriation  in  1872,  and  none  since  1879.  Before  improvement  there  were  but  a 
few  inches  of  water  over  the  shoalest  places  at  mean  low  water,  where  there  is  now  a  depth  of  7  feet. 

The  improvement  has  given  rise  to  much  development  of  traffic  on  the  river,  and  of  industries 
in  the  town  of  Salisbury. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,508  41 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882  123  03 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,385  38 

POCOMOKE  EIVEE,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

Appropriation  for  this  improvement  was  made  in  1878  and  1879,  and  applied  to  widening  and 
straightening  the  channel,  and  has  increased  the  depth  at  mean  low  water  2  feet. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  an  increase  of  traffic  between  this  and  other  localities,  especially 
Baltimore. 

WOETON  HAEBOE,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  151.) 

The  only  appropriation  for  this  harbor  was  in  1872 ;  •  its  expenditure  has  increased  the  depth 
of  water  in  the  shoalest  places  from  4^  feet  at  mean  low  water  to  7  feet,  and  has  given  increased 
facilities  to  trade  between  this  and  other  localities,  especially  Baltimore. 

HAEBOE  OF  CEISFIELD,  MAEYLAND. 

(Page  149.) 

The  only  appropriation  for  this  harbor  was  in  1875,  and  the  improvement  was  the  excavation 
of  a  channel  260  feet  wide  and  12  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  when  the  depth  before  improvement 
was  but  8£  feet. 

Present  condition  of  navigation  and  commerce  not  known. 

HAEBOE  OF  ONANCOCK,  VIEG1N1A. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  This  improvement  has  resulted  in  an  increase  of  depth  on  the  bar 
at  the  entrance  and  in  the  creek  from  4£  to  7  feet  at  mean  low  water,  and  has  increased  the  traffic 
between  this  locality  and  others,  especially  Baltimore. 

JAMES  EIVEE,  VIEGINIA. 

(Page  213.) 

In  1836  there  was  an  appropriation  of  $500  for  a  survey  of  this  river,  and  in  1852,  $45,000  for 
the  improvement  of  James  and  Appomattox  rivers.  This  was  chiefly  expended  in  dredging  in 
co-operation  with  the  authorities  of  Uichmoud. 

The  work  of  improvement  since  1870  has  resulted  in  increasing  the  depths  over  the  shoalest 
places  from  7£  feet  at  mean  low  water  to  13J  feet.  The  improvement  is  still  incomplete.  Its 
benefit  to  commerce  is  much  increased  in  the  number  and  size  of  vessels  trading  to  Eichmond,  and 
in  the  quantity  and  value  of  their  freight. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4, 361  82 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 75, 000  00 

79,361  82 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  liscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 7,252  54 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 72. 109  28 


32      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

APPOMATTOX  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  211.) 

The  work  of  improvement  made  with  appropriations  since  1871  has  resulted  in  increasing  the 
depths  over  the  shoalest  places  from  3£  to  7J  feet  at  mean  low  water.  The  improvement  is  still 
incomplete.  Its  benefit  to  commerce  is  much  increased  iu  the  number  and  size  of  vessels  trading 
to  Petersburg,  and  in  the  value  and  quantity  of  their  freight. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available r>   $852  41 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35, 000  00 

35,  852  41 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 13,373  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 22,479  41 

SHENANDOAH  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  217.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Nothing  has  been  done  as  yet  upon  this  improvement,  some 
questions  of  title  to  sites,  &c.,  being  unsettled. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $17,312  20 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 17,312  20 

NEW  RIVER,  FROM   THE  MOUTH   OF  WILSON  IN  GRAYSON  COUNTY,  VIRGINIA, 
TO  MOUTH  OF  GREENBRIER  IN  WEST  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  254.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  The  appropriations  have  been  small.  They  have  been  expended  iu 
the  improvement  of  the  low- water  navigation,  chiefly  in  straightening,  widening,  and  deepening 
the  natural  chutes. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  a  notable  increase  of  shipments  on  the  river  of  agricultural  and 
mineral  products.  The  navigation,  hitherto  intermittent  and  dependent  on  rises,  is  now  much 
more  regular  and  economical. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,500  10 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 12, 000  00 

15,506  10 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 12.419  44 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,  086  66 

GREAT  KANAWHA  RIVER,  WEST  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  216.) 

The  appropriations  of  1873  and  1874  were  for  temporary  improvements.  Since  1875  work  has 
been  in  progress  for  an  improvement  by  locks  and  dams,  to  give  a  navigation  of  6  feet  water  at  all 
times.  The  work  is  well  advanced,  and  has  given  great  impetus  to  shipments,  especially  of  coal. 
Full  advantage  cannot  be  realized  until  the  improvement  is  complete. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1:55, 20'J  a6 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 200,000  00 

335,209  96 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $107,479  91 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 17,203  55 

124, 683  46 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available "- 210,526  50 

ELK  RIVER,  WEST  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  216.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  small  appropriations  for  this  river  have  been  applied  to  the 
removal  of  such  obstructions  as  rocks,  snags,  overhanging  trees,  and  gravel  shoals,  by  which  there 
has  been  a  gain  of  about  1  foot  of  depth. 

The  country  through  which  this  stream  flows  is  rich  in  minerals  and  well  fitted  for  agriculture 
and  grazing.  The  river  is  the  route  for  its  trade. 

What  little  improvement  has  been  made  has  been  of  great  benefit  to  that  as  yet  undeveloped 
section. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $973  90 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1832 2, 000  00 

2, 973  90 

July  1   1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 I"  0° 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,963  00 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      33 

CAPE  FEAR  RIVER  FROM  THE  OCEAN  TO  WILMINGTON,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  189.; 

Appropriations  were  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1820  and  1854. 

The  present  improvement  dates  from  1871,  and  has  increased  the  depth  of  water  from  the 
ocean  to  Wilmington  from  7J  feet  at  mean  low  water  at  the  shoalest  places  to  11  feet.  The  rise 
of  tide  being  about  4.J  feet,  14£  feet  can,  at  ordinary  spring  tides,  be  carried  at  high  water  from 
Wilmington  to  Smithville,  and  18  feet  from  thence  to  the  sea. 

The  improvement  is  as  yet  incomplete,  and  has  in  view  a  depth  of  not  less  than  16  feet  at  low 
water  to  Wilmington. 

It  has  benefited  commerce  by  much  increase,  observable  in  the  number  and  size  of  vessels, 
coastwise  and  foreign,  trading  to  Wilmington;  and  in  the  quantity  and  value  of  their  cargoes. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $63,030  74 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 225,  000  00 

288,030  74 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $108,746  92 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 10,891  30 

119,638  22 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 168,392  52 

HARBORS  OF  WASHINGTON  AND  GEORGETOWN,  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

(Page  224.) 

An  appropriation  of  $150,000  was  made  in  1833  to  aid  the  citizens  of  Georgetown  in  removing 
obstructions  to  navigation  by  enlarging  and  deepening  the  channel  through  the  bar  below  the 
town,  and  for  the  purchase  and  making  free  the  bridge  at  Little  Falls,  and  for  other  purposes. 
This  appropriation  was  expended  by  the  corporation  of  Georgetown. 

With  the  appropriation  of  1870,  and  of  subequent  dates,  the  harbors  of  Washington  and 
Georgetown  have  had  the  depth  of  water  increased  from  7£  feet  before  1870  to  a  depth  of  from  14  to 
16  feet,  which  depth  has  been  maintained,  and  their  commercial  facilities  proportionally  increased. 

The  value  of  the  trade  of  Washington  and  Georgetown  during  the  year  1882  was  reported  to 
be  $7,373,070. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $57,621  59 

July.l,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $11,154  53 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 773  27 

11,927  80 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 45,693  79 

IMPROVEMENT  OF  THE    POTOMAC  RIVER   IN  THE  VICINITY  OF   WASHINGTON, 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

(Page    -.) 

Work  under  the  appropriation  of  1882,  for  the  reclamation  of  the  Flats,  is  in  progress.  The 
appropriation  also  provides  for  the  improvement  of  navigation,  and  the  plan  adopted  contem- 
plates deepening  the  channels  of  approach  to  the  wharves  of  Washington  and  Georgetown  to  20 
feet  at  low  water. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $400,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $49,186  86 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,222  97 

53,409  83 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 346,590  17 

CHANNEL  AT  MOUNT  VERNON,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

In  1879,  before  improvement,  there  was  a  depth  of  but  4  feet  at  low  water  over  the  wide  flat 
between  the  wharf  at  Mount  Veriion  and  the  channel  of  Potomac  River. 

.  There  is  now  a  channel  145  feet  wide,  from  7  to  9  feet  deep  at  low  water,  with  a  turning-basin 
of  150  feet  radius  at  the  wharf,  permitting  the  passage  of  steamers  at  all  tides  and  adding  largely 
to  business.  The  number  of  visitors  to  Mount  Vernon  during  the  year  1882,  18,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $57  14 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 57  14 

NEABSCO  CREEK,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  213.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  improvement  as  far  as  made  has  resulted  in  securing  a  channel 
50  feet  wide  and  from  4  to  5  feet  deep  at  low  water  over  a  wide  flat  1£  miles  in  length  having  a 
least  depth  of  2£  feet,  admitting  the  entrance  to  the  creek  of  a  larger  class  of  vessels.  An  area 
of  about  50  square  miles  of  country  is  benefited  by  the  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available ' $286  67 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

Jnlyl,  1882 .     229  40 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 57  27 

H.  Ex.  64 5 


34      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

BRETON  BAY  (LEONARDTOWN),  MARYLAND. 

(Page  149.) 

In  1878,  before  the  commencement  of  work  here,  there  was  but  5  feet  depth  in  the  channel  to 
Leonardtowu.  There  is  now  a  channel  to  the  wharves  115  feet  wide  and  9  and  10  feet  deep,  with 
a  turning  basin  at  the  end,  which  has  opened  the  trade  of  the  vicinity  to  steamers  aud  to  a  larger 
class  of  sailing  vessels. 

This  is  now  one  of  the  regular  landing  places  of  the  Potomac  River  and  Chesapeake  Bay 
steamboats.  Annual  shipments,  $176,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available f:j  95 

Amount,  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 5, 000  00 

5, 003  95 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 4,987  99 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 15  96 

NOMINI  CREEK,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  Before  improvement  navigation  was  obstructed  at  the  mouth  of 
the  creek  by  a  bar  with  a  ruling  depth  of  3  feet  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  depth  of  from  9 
to  10  feet  carried  through  this  bar  for  a  distance  of  about  4,400  feet,  by  which  8£  feet  can  be 
carried  for  3  miles  up  the  stream  aud  5£  feet  for  2£  miles  further. 

Before  improvement  there  were  no  shipments  from  the  creek.  Five  steamers  now  make  land- 
ings, beside  the  larger  class  of  sailing  vessels.  Annual  value  of  receipts  and  shipments,  $167,000. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $2, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 121  46 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 1,878  54 

OCCOQUAN  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  This  improvement  has  deepened  to  5  feet  the  channel  to  Occoquan, 
where  the  depth  of  water  was  originally  from  1J  to  2^  feet,  by  which  the  expense  of  lighterage  is 
saved  and  larger  vessels  can  pass.  The  amount  of  the  trade  of  the  place  is  from  $150,000  to 
$200,000  annually.  Small  steamers  make  two  trips  weekly  from  Washington. 

ACCOTINK  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  211.) 

In  1873  a  channel  was  made  from  2J  to  4  feet  deep,  the  appropriation  being  insufficient  to  do 
more.  It  has  since  partially  filled,  so  that  steamboats  are  now  unable  to  navigate  the  creek.  In 
its  present  condition  the  improvement  is  of  no  benefit  to  commerce. 

/ 

AQUIA  CREEK,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  212.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  Before  improvement  there  was  a  depth  of  2  feet,  and  since  a  depth 
of  5  feet  at  low  water  from  Wharton's  Landing  to  the  Narrows,  a  distance  of  2i  miles,  which  has 
increased  the  facilities  of  commerce. 

This  is  one  of  the  regular  landings  of  the  Potomac  River  steamboats. 

SAINT  JEROME'S  CREEK,  MARYLAND. 

(Page  150.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  object  of  this  improvement  is  the  establishment  of  ponds  for 
the  hatching  of  oysters  by  the  United  States  Fish  Commission.  As  far  as  the  work  has  progressed 
the  entrance  to  the  creek  and  the  inner  channel  have  been  deepened  to  4  feet. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 4,872  26 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 127  74 

RAPPAHANNOCK  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

There  was  a  small  appropriation  for  this  river  in  1852. 

In  1871,  before  the  present  improvement  was  begun,  there  was  a  depth  of  4  to  8  feet  over  nine 
bare  below  Fredericksburg,  with  wrecks  and  snags  obstructing  navigation.  There  is  now  a  clear 
channel  of  from  8  to  10  feet  at  low  water. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.   35 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  the  preservation  and  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Rappa- 
haunock. 

Value  of  commerce  and  manufactures  of  Fredericksburg  in  1880,  $4.524,925. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,425  74 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 '17  000  00 

22,425  TA 
July  1,  188:!,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 ' $19,044  76 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 876  31 

19,921  07 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,504  67 

URBANA  CREEK,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

In  1879,  before  improvement,  the  ruling  depth  over  the  bar  between  the  mouth  of  the  creek 
and  the  main  channel  of  the  Rappahannock  was  6J  feet  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  channel 
through  this  bar  140  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep.  S'teamboats  and  a  larger  class  of  sailing  vessels 
can  now  enter,  and  an  excellent  harbor  of  refuge  has  been  made  where  much  needed. 

Value  of  the  annual  trade  benefited,  $335,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $21  27 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 4,000  00 

4. 021  27 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 411  51 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,609  76 

YORK  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  the  commencement  of  the  present  improvements  navigation 
of  the  river  was  obstructed  by  a  bar  at  the  mouth  of  Potopotank  Creek,  having  a  least  depth  of 
19  feet  at  low  water,  and  a  bar  at  West  Point  having  a  least  depth  of  14  feet  at  low  water. 

The  work  of  improvement  is  in  progress  and  incomplete. 

It  is  intended  to  provide  a  channel  by  dredging  22  feet  deep  and  200  feet  wide  through  the 
bars,  and  also  a  basin  of  the  same  depth  at  the,  wharves  at  West  Point,  to  meet  the  demands  of 
the  foreign  trade  of  this  important  shipping  port. 

The  value  of  shipments  in  1882  are  reported  to  have  been,  cotton,  138,284  bales,  $14,661,240; 
unclassified  shipments,  $13,774,296;  total,  $28,435,536. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $99  59 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Angust  2,  1882 25,000  00 

25,  099  59 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 20,306  46 

July  1,1683,  amount  available 4,793  13 

TOTUSKT  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

The  appropriations  of  1880  and  1881  being  inadequate  for  any  useful  purpose,  the  work  of 
improvement  was  deferred  to  await  further  appropriations. 

The  additional  appropriation  of  1882  will  now  enable  work  to  be  commenced  where  most 
needed  for  the  purposes  of  navigation. 

Totusky  River  is  an  important  tributary  of  the  Rappahannock,  with  about  100  square  miles  of 
country  dependent  upon  its  landings. 

The  value  of  trade  in  1880  is  reported  as  $170,000,  and  yearly  increasing. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $4,945  81 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 5,000  00 


9,945  81 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 8,242,65 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 1,703  16 

MATTAPONI  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  213.) 

Before  the  commencement  of  this  improvement  in  1880  the  river  was  obstructed  by  numerous 
bars,  and  by  snags,  wrecks,  and  overhanging  trees.  The  obstructions  have  been  removed  for  a 
distance  of  about  25  miles,  but  the  navigable  capacity  of  this  stream  will  not  be  increased  until 
the  bars  are  removed. 


36   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  improvement  thus  far  has  enabled  steam  navigation  to  be  extended  5  miles  further  up 
than  before. 
Annual  exports  are  reported  to  be  $2,058,500 ;  annual  imports  are  reported  to  be  $826,500. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available •. $763  85 

July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 769  gg 

• 

HAMPTON  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  213.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Before  improvement  the  least  depth  upon  the  bar  at  the  mouth  o 
the  river  was  4£  feet.  The  expenditure  resulted  in  securing  a  channel  through  this  bar  150  feet 
wide  and  9  to  10  feet  deep  at  low  water.  A  jetty  may  possibly  be  needed  to  secure  the  perma- 
nency of  the  channel.  This  river  is  the  outlet  of  three  counties.  The  number  of  arrivals  and 
departures  of  steam  and  sail  vessels  is  given  at  1,450  annually. 

PAMUNKEY  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  215.) 

In  1880,  before  improvement,  the  river  was  obstructed  by  snags,  logs,  overhanging  trees,  and 
wrecks.  These  have  been  removed  for  a  distance  of  20  miles,  which  has  benefited  the  adjoining 
section  of  the  country,  unusually  rich  in  agricultural  products. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $166  72 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 "". '.'.'.'.       2,500  00 

2  666  72 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 166  72 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 2,500  00 

CHICKAHOMINY  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  212.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Channels  have  been  dredged  through  bars  in  the  river  150  feet  and 
100  feet  in  width,  and  8  feet  in  depth  at  low  water,  where  there  was  originally  a  depth  of  4  to  5 
feet,  which  has  diminished  the  expense  of  lighterage  and  delays,  and  has  been  of  much  benefit  to 
navigation. 

The  value  of  the  trade  of  the  river  was  reported  to  be  in  1881,  $1,350,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,758  37 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 ; 5,000  00 

6,758  37 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 b 6,20720 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 551  17 

EOANOKE  RIVER,  VIRGINIA  AND  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

With  the  appropriations  mde  from  1871  to  1875,  such  snags,  rafts,  and  overhanging  trees  as 
obstructed  navigation  were  removed  between  Plymouth  and  Weldon.  These  obstructions  have, 
again  accumulated  as  far  up  as  the  head  of  heavy-draught  steamboat  navigation,  a  distance  of  65 
miles,  and  seriously  interfered  with  the  trade  on  the  river.  The  appropriation  of  August  2,  1882, 
will  be  applied  in  part  to  the  removal  of  these  obstructions. 

Value  of  imports  from  northern  ports  landed  at  Plymouth  and  other  places  on  the  river  in  1879, 
$1,500,000.  Value  of  products,  including  lumber  of  all  kinds,  cotton  and  other  products,  and  the 
fisheries,  $2,500,000,  as  reported  by  the  collector  of  Edenton. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 1,274  81 

July  I,;i883,  amount  available 3,725  19 

DAN  RIVER,  VIRGINIA  AND  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  228.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Navigation  is  obstructed  by  ledges  of  rock  forming  rapids,  but  with 
navigable  depths  in  the  pools  between.  The  work  of  improvement,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed, 
has  secured,  by  blasting,  a  depth  of  2  feet  at  low  water  and  3  and  4  feet  at  ordinary  stages,  for  a 
distance  of  4J  miles  above  Danville,  and  will,  whenever  completed,  open  to  navigation  a  section  of 
country  rich  in  agricultural  and  mineral  resources. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.   37 

The  value  of  the  trade  of  Danville  in  1881  is  reported  to  have  been  about  $8,000,000,  of  which 
the  value  of  tobacco  exported  was  $5,634,351. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $786  05 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 7, 500  00 

8,286  05 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

Julyl,  1882 4,030  28 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,255  77 

STAUNTON  RIVER,  VIRGINIA,  BETWEEN  ROANOKE  STATION  AND  BROOKNEAL. 

(Page  215.) 

First  appropriation  in  1879.  The  improvement,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  extends  a  distance 
of  about  9i  miles,  with  a  depth  of  2  to  3  feet  at  low  water,  where  before  the  ruling  depth  was 
about  1  foot.  The  length  of  river  to  be  improved  is  about  31  miles.  This  will  benefit  trade  by 
enabling  produce  to  reach  a  market  by  water  which  it  would  not  pay  to  transport  in- any  other  way. 

July  1,  1882,  amouut  available $237  97 

Amouut  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 > 5, 000  00 

5,237  97 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
Julyl,  1882 ....! 1,48920 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,748  77 

STAUNTON  RIVER,  VIRGINIA,  BETWEEN  BROOKNEAL  AND   PIG  RIVER. 

(Page  -.) 

First  appropriation,  in  1882.  The  amount  expended  to  June  3, 1883,  has  been  $508.94  for  a 
survey  of  the  river  from  the  bridge  of  the  Virginia  Midland  Railroad  to  Pig  River. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $2,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 508  94 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,491  06    ' 

FRENCH  BROAD  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  230.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  A  channel  has  been  opened  35  feet  wide  and  2£  feet  deep  at  low 
water  for  a  distance  of  32  miles  from  Brevard,  where  before  the  ruling  depth  was  about  1  foot, 
which  opens  an  inexpensive  communication  through  a  portion  of  the  country  whose  forests  are  in 
a  primeval  state,  and  various  kinds  of  timber  of  superior  quality  are  abundant. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available : $9  08 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

5, 009  08 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fical  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 1,364  60 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,644  48 

NORFOLK  HARBOR,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  This  improvement  is  still  in  progress  and  incomplete.  The  work 
done  has  been  of  material  benefit  to  commerce,  as  deep-draught  vessels  are  now  enabled  to  come 
up  to  the  harbor  and  to  the  navy-yard  at  all  stages  of  the  tide.  The  depth  on  the  bars  in  the 
approach  to  the  harbor  has  been  increased  from  17  and  18  feet  to  25  feet  at  low  water ;  in  the 
inner  harbor  it  has  been  increased  from  16  to  22  feet  in  one  portion,  and  in  others  to  25  feet  at  low 
water,  and  additional  facilities  have  been  afforded  for  the  loading  of  merchant  ships. 

The  value  of  shipments  from  this  port  has  increased  from  $7,825,112  in  1876  to  $17,732,038 
in  1882. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $49,015  98 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 75, 000  00 

Amount  received  from  Capt.  Jas.  Mercur  for  fuel 67  50 

124,083  48 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  18-12 $81,902  52 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 8,998  28 

90,900  80 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 33,182  68 


38      APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUEES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 

DISMAL  SWAMP  CANAL,  VIEGIN1A  AND  NOETH  CAROLINA  ("IMPROVING  THE 
NAVIGATION  OF  THE  NATURAL  CHANNELS  AT  THE  NORTH  AND  SOUTH 
ENTEANCES  TO"). 

(Page  229.) 

Appropriations  of  1836  and  1838.  The  shoals  in  Joyce's  Creek,  at  the  southern  end  of  the 
canal,  were  dredged,  and  the  navigation  of  the  creek  improved  by  cut-offs.  At  the  northern 
entrance,  an  unsuccessful  attempt  having  been  made  to  secure  a  permanent  channel  of  10  feet 
in  Deep  Creek  by  dredging,  a  plan  was  adopted,  with  the  co-operation  of  the  canal  company,  to 
change  the  outlet  of  the  canal  to  Elizabeth  River  by  a  cut  of  2J  miles,  and  the  construction 
of  a  new  outlet  lock.  The  new  cut  was  opened  at  the  expense  of  the  company,  but  Congress 
failed  to  make  appropriation  for  the  lock.  At  this  time  the  United  States  held  $150,000  of  the 
stock  of  the  canal  company. 

The  Dismal  Swamp  Canal  is  an  important  link  in  the  inland  navigation  from  Chesapeake  Bay 
to  the  sounds  of  North  Carolina. 

PAGAN  CEEEK,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  depth  of  water  through  four  bars,  between  the  mouth  of  the 
creek  and  Smithtield  has  been  increased  from  6  to  9  feet,  and  a  material  increase  of  commerce  has 
followed  the  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $177  53 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 177  53 

NANSEMOND  EIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  213.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  Before  improvement  but  4  feet  could  be  carried  over  the  bar  at 
the  mouth  of  the  western  branch  of  the  river  at  low  water.  There  is  now  about  9  feet  at  the 
same  stage.  Schooners  load  at  Suffolk  to  11J  feet,  and  pass  down  the  river  at  high  tide  and 
out  to  the  ocean. 

The  improvement  has  been  of  very  great  benefit  to  the  navigation  and  to  the  commerce  of  the 
adjacent  country. 

AECHEE'S  HOPE  EIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  212.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Improvement  not  completed.  It  is  proposed  to  increase  the  depth 
of  water  from  4  feet  to  6  feet  at  low  water.  No  benefit  to  commerce  as  yet  realized.  There  is  only 
one  small  schooner  on  the  river,  making  weekly  trips. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $107  97 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 

5, 107  97 

July  1,   1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal    year,  exclusive    of    out- 
standing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $4,838  76 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 75  00 

4,913  76 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 194  21 

ELIZABETH  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  212.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  The  expenditures  here  have  been  for  the  improvement  of  the 
southern  branch  of  the  river,  through  which  the  entire  traffic  of  the  Albemarle  and  Chesapeake 
Canal  passes.  The  depth  of  water  to  the  canal  locks  has  been  deepened  from  5  feet  to  7£  feet, 
and  the  channel  of  the  river  much  straightened. 

The  commerce  passing  through  the  canal  and  river  has  very  nearly  doubled  since  the  beginning 
of  the  improvement  in  1874. 

BLACKWATER  RIVEE,  VIEGINIA. 

(Page  212.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Before  improvement  the  ruling  depth  was  7  feet,  with  bends  so 
abrupt  as  to  require  warping  around  them.  The  river  was  also  obstructed  by  snags  and  trees. 

The  river  has  been  cleared,  the  bends  straightened,  and  the  water  deepened  to  not  less 
than  9  feet. 

The  commerce  of  the  river  has  largely  increased  since  the  improvement,  and  is  still  growing. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,490  36 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 1,500  00 

2,990  36 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 1,385  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,604  43 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND   HARBORS.      39 

NOTTOWAY  RIVER,  VIRGINIA. 

(Page  214.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  sunken  logs  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  reduced 
the  navigable  depth  to  about  2  feet;  11  feet  can  now  be  carried  as  far  up  as  the  Seaboard  and 
Roanoke  Railroad  bridge.  Logs  and  other  obstructions  were  also  removed  from  the  river  for  20 
miles  above  this  bridge. 

The  improvement  has  not  led  to  the  development  of  much  trade  on  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $579  70 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 579  70 

NORTH  LANDING  RIVER,  VIRGINIA  AND  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  254.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  depth  of  water  on  this  river  before  improvement  was  limited 
in  places  to  6i  feet,  and  bad  bends  existed.  The  least  depth  is  now  9  feet,  and  the  bends  have  been 
made  much  easier,  thus  allowing  much  larger  vessels  to  pass. 

The  returns  of  the  Albemarle  and  Chesapeake  Canal,  through  which  all  vessels  navigating 
this  river  must  pass  to  reach  northern  or  southern  ports,  show  an  increase  of  7  per  cent,  in  the 
number  of  vessels  passing,  and  that  the  commerce  of  the  river  has  been  materially  increased. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available f  1,250  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 8, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,250  92 

CURRITUCK    SOUND,   COANJOK    BAY,    AND    NORTH    RIVER    AND    BAR,    NORTH 

CAROLINA. 

(Page  190.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  A  channel  has  been  dredged  through  the  entire  length  of  Currituck 
Sound  and  across  Coanjok  Bay,  and  a  dike  constructed  in  this  bay.  The  depth  of  water  has  been 
increased  from  7  to  9  feet  over  the  greater  portion  of  the  dredged  channel.  Navigation  has  been 
improved,  and  commerce  has  considerably  increased,  as  is  shown  by  the  returns  of  the  Albemarle 
and  Chesapeake  Canal,  which  is  the  outlet  for  all  vessels  passing  through  Currituck  Sound. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,127  41 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,  000  00 

21, 127  41 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  vear,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 ~. $12,686  33 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,394  57 

14,080  90 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available , 7,046  51 

EDENTON  HARBOR,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  190.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  depth  of  water  from  the  town  of  Edenton  to  the  bay  has  been 
increased  by  dredging  from  6J  to  9  feet,  with  material  benefit  to  navigation.  Since  this  work  was 
done  a  railroad  has  been  built  from  Norfolk  to  this  place,  and  its  commerce  has  greatly  increased. 

PERQUIMANS  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

The  removal  of  logs,  stumps,  &c.,  which  obstructed  the  navigation  of  the  stream  at  Hertford, 
was  accomplished  with  the  appropriation  of  1876.  A  channel  200  feet  wide  and  8£  feet  deep  was 
secured,  so  that  steamers  now  pass  without  detention. 

A  large  amount  of  timber  is  floated  down  the  stream,  and  the  usual  yearly  exports  amount  to 
about  25,000  bushels  corn  and  1,500  bales  of  cotton. 

MEHERRIN  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882. 
No  expenditure  has  been  made  under  this  appropriation. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 163  19 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,836  81 

SCUPPERNONG   RIVER,   NORTH   CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  depth  of  water  has  been  increased  from  5£  to  8£  feet  and  the 
channel  much  straightened.  A  regular  line  of  steamers  now  runs  on  the  river  in  connection  with 
the  railroad  at  Edenton. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $10  64 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 10  64 


40      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

WASHINGTON  HARBOR,   NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

The  appropriation  of  1852  was  applied  to  the  removal  of  stumps  and  logs  from  the  channel  of 
the  river  a  little  below  the  town,  so  as  to  secure  an  8-foot  channel. 

PAMPLICO   AND  TAR  RIVERS,  NORTH   CAROLINA. 

(Page  191.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1838  were  expended  in  dredging  below  the  town  of  Washington 
on  Pamplico  River.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1876. 

The  navigation  of  the  Pamplico  has  been  increased  from  7J  feet,  at  high  water,  to  8J  feet  at 
low  water.  On  Tar  River,  boats  drawing  3  feet  can  now  reach  Greenville  at  all  times,  where, 
before,  the  navigation  was  confined  to  high  stages  of  the  river. 

An  increase  of  commerce  has  resulted  from  the  improvement  of  each  of  these  rivers.  The 
shipment  of  cotton  has  increased  from  21,000  to  35,000  bales ;  rice  from  4,900  to  8,668  bags,  and 
lumber  from  1,281,000  feet  to  5,000,000  feet.  The  imports  are  said  to  have  increased  33  per  cent. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,069  28 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 

12, 069  28 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,906  75 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 26  00 

3, 932  75 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8, 136  53 

NEW  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  191.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836,  1837,  and  1838  were  not  expended  on  New  River. 
The  appropriation  of  1882,  being  too  small  to  justify  the  commencement  of  work,  has  not 
been  expended. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $f>,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,000  00 

BEAUFORT   HARBOR,   NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  189.) 

The  appropriations  of  1881  and  1882  are  being  applied  in  protecting  and  building  out  the 
shore  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor,  with  the  object  of  preserving  the  existing  channel  and  main- 
taining the  depth  of  water  on  the  bar.  The  work  has  so  far  been  successful  and  the  channel 
has  remained  in  good  condition. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  expected  from  this  improvement  is  the  preservation  of  the  deep- 
water  entrance  to  Beaufort,  both  for  the  purposes  of  trade  and  as  a  harbor  of  refuge. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available §25,897  09 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 

55,897  09 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $31,313  95 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,513  75 

33,827  70 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 22,068  39 

REMOVING  SHOAL  IN  NEW  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA.— IMPROVEMENT  OF  THE 
HARBOR  OF  BEAUFORT.— OPENING  A  PASSAGE  BETWEEN  BEAUFORT  AND 
PAMPLICO  SOUND.— IMPROVING  NEW  RIVER. 

(Pages  189-191.) 

Appropriations  amounting  to  $55,000  were  made  in  1836,  1837  and  1838,  under  the  above 
heads  jointly.  They  were  expended  with  the  view  of  making  Beaufort  the  outlet  of  Pamplico 
Sound  to  the  sea,  in  the  purchase  of  dredging  plant,  and  in  the  excavation  of  a  cut  of  considerable 
size  in  Core  Sound,  as  part  of  the  proposed  passage  from  Pamplico  Sound.  Nothing  was  expended 
on  New  River,  as  the  objects  to  be  attained  were  not  considered  of  sufficient  importance  to  war- 
rant the  cost  of  improvement. 

The  work  commenced  in  Core  Sound  resulted  in  no  benefit  to  commerce,  for  want  of  appropri- 
ations for  its  completion. 

LINE  OF  INLAND  NAVIGATION  FROM  NEW  BERNE  TO  BEAUFORT,  NORTH 

CAROLINA. 

(Page-.) 

The  river  and  harbor  act  of  August  2,  1882,  sets  apart  $5,000  from  the  appropriation  for  the 
improvement  of  Beaufort  Harbor,  and  $5,000  from  the  appropriation  for  the  improvement  of 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBOR'S.      41 

Neuse  River,  to  be  applied  to  the  improvement  of  the  liue  of  inland  navigation  from  New  Berne  to 
Beaufort  Harbor. 

The  appropriation  of  1882  not  expended,  it  not  being  known  to  which  line  it  was  the  intention 
of  Congress  to  apply  it. 

NEUSE  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  190.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  practically  closed  to  navigation 
above  New  Berne,  and  below  that  point  an  obstruction  placed  in  the  river  during  the  war  had  only 
a  narrow  passage  through  it.  It  is  now  open  for  navigation  to  boats  drawing  3  feet,  for  160  miles 
during  two-thirds  of  the  year. 

During  the  coming  season  it  will  be  made  navigable  at  all  times  to  Kingston,  50  miles  above 
New  Berne. 

Before  improvement  but  one  steamer  was  running  on  the  river.  Now  eight  steamers  run 
regularly.  The  increase  in  produce  passing  is  400  to  500  per  cent. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $11,392  56 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35,000  00 


46,392  56 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $22,609  27 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,001  80 

23,611  07 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 22,781  49 

TRENT  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  only  navigable  about  half-way 
to  Trenton,  and  the  upper  part  of  the  stream  entirely  closed. 

It  is  now  passed  over  daily  by  steamers  drawing  over  3  feet,  to  Trenton,  43  miles.  The  lower 
part  of  the  river  can  be  navigated  at  all  times  by  vessels  drawing  6  or  8  feet. 

Three-fourths  of  the  increase  of  the  products  carried  on  the  river  is  due  to  the  improvement, 
independent  of  any  natural  increase  of  production. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  nscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,557  38 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 40  00 

1,597  38 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,402  62 

CONTENTNEA  CREEK  (MOCCASIN),  NORTH  CAROLINA.' 

(Page  190.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  This  stream  was  not  navigable  at  all  except  by  small  flats  during 
freshets.  Steamers  drawing  3  feet  are  now  passing  over  it  continually  for  one-half  or  two-thirds 
of  the  year,  as  far  as  the  clearing  of  the  stream  has  progressed,  about  40  miles  from  its  mouth. 

The  navigation  of  this  and  the  Neuse  and  Trent  is  mainly  carried  on  by  the  same  boats,  which 
are  transferred  from  one  to  another  sis  trade  requires,  with  much  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $306  01 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 

10,306  01 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  If82 $3,42164 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,014  25 

9,435  89 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 870  12 

YADKIN  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  Work  upon  this  river  has  been  carried  up  to  a  mill-dam,  which  pre- 
vents further  improvement  until  it  is  removed;  but  since  no  part  of  the  appropriation  can  be 
applied  to  the  purchase  of  the  right  of  way  or  paying  damages,  operations  are  deferred  until  special 
provision  is  made  for  that  purpose. 

No  commerce  existed  upon  the  river  and  none  has  been  developed  by  the  improvement  thus 
far  made. 

The  Yadkin  within  the  limits  of  North  Carolina  is  entirely  cut  off  by  a  narrow  mountain  defile 
of  30  feet  width,  through  which  it  descends  in  a  torrent,  50  feet  in  2  miles,  and  has  HO  navigable 
connection  with  its  lower  part,  known  as  the  Great  Pee  Dee ;  it  becomes,  therefore,  a  question 

H.  Ex.  64 6 


42   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

whether  it  can  be  considered  navigable  water  of  the  United  States,  as  defined  by  the  Supreme 

Court. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $17,935  20 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 25,000  00 

42,935  20 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 J|9, 061  88 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,001  43 

10, 063  31 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 32,871  89 

CAPE  FEAR  RIVER,  FROM  WILMINGTON  TO  FAYETTEVILLE,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  189.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  At  ordinary  and  high  stages  the  river  is  navigable  by  steamers 
drawing  3£  feet  as  far  as  Fayetteville;  at  very  low  stages  not  more  than  8  inches  exist  on  some 
of  the  shoals.  Expenditures  for  increasing  the  depth  over  the  shoals  have  not  yet  been  made,  but 
navigation  has  been  made  easier  and  safer  by  the  removal  of  logs,  trees,  &c. 

The  right  held  by  a  company  to  take  tolls  or  make  charges  for  the  navigation  of  the  river  has 
been  extinguished  under  authority  of  river  and  harbor  act  of  March  3,  1881.  Commerce  has  been 
benefited  by  being  relieved  from  tolls. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $15,  186  04 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 30,000  00 

45, 186  04 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $10,344  60 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,642  85 

12,987  45 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 32,198  59 

LILLINGTON  RIVER,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  190.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Before  improvement  the  stream,  which  is  not  less  than  12  feet  deep, 
was  not  more  than  40  to  45  feet  wide  in  many  places  and  very  crooked.  The  completed  improve- 
ment will  straighten  and  widen  the  river  so  that  steamers  125  feet  long  will  be  enabled  to  reach 
Lillington. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  will  be  increased  facilities  and  lower  rates  between  Wilmington  and 
Lillington. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $3,000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3, 000  00 


6,  000  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $2, 254  75 

July  1,  ]883,  outstanding  liabilities 644  15 

2,898  90 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3, 101  10 

TOWN  CREEK,  NORTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  192.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Logs,  trees,  and  sunken  flat-boats  have  been  removed  from  the 
stream.  Some  dredging  remains  to  be  done  on  a  shoal  having  but  14  feet  at  low  water,  and  it  is 
expected  to  secure  a  depth  of  4  feet  with  the  present  appropriation.  No  increase  of  commerce  has 
resulted  and  none  is  expected. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 1,000  00 

WATEREE  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  206.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  lower  8  miles  of  the  river  was  almost  entirely  blocked  by  over- 
hanging trees,  and  by  trees,  snags,  and  logs  in  its  bed.  A  fair  navigation  for  boats  drawing  4 
feet  now  exists  on  this  part  of  the  river.  The  work  being  very  incomplete  no  known  benefit  to 
commerce  has  yet  resulted. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $149  69 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 15,  000  00 

15, 149  69 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,107  71 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,381  60 

2,489  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12,660  38 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUBES   FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.      43 

SANTEE  EIVEE,  SOUTH  CAEOLINA. 

(Page  206.) 

First  appropriatioD,  1881.    The  only  expenditures  made  have  been  for  surveys  and  examina- 
tions, the  right  of  way  not  having  been  secured. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $20, 627  06 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20, 000  00 

40,627  06 
July  1,  188:5,  araouut  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $93  29 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 227  58 

420  87 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 40,206  19 

GEOEGETOWN  HAEBOE,  SOUTH  CAEOLINA. 

(Page  205.) 
First  appropriation,  1882.    No  expenditure  has  yet  been  made  under  this  appropriation. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 $7, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,000  00 

WACCAMAW  EIVEE,  SOUTH  CAEOLINA. 

(Page  261.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  depths  over  the  shoals  in  the  river  below  Buck's  Upper  Mill 
have  been  increased  from  9  feet  to  11 J  and  12  feet. 

The  commerce  of  the  river  has  increased  since  1880  from  a  value  of  $848,500  to  $2,370,000, 
the  principal  increase  being  in  cotton.  How  much  of  this  is  due  to  the  improvement  is  indeter- 
minate. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $612  03 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 4,400  00 

5,  012  03 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $2,386  31 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 348  85 

2,735  16 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,276  87 

GEEAT  PEE  DEE  EIVEE,  SOUTH  CABOLINA. 

(Page  205.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  navigable  depth  of  the  river  has  not  materially  increased  by 
the  improvement,  but  the  navigation  has  been  made  easier  and  safer  by  the  removal  of  wrecks, 
logs,  snags,  and  overhanging  trees. 

The  value  of  the  commerce  of  the  river  has  increased  since  1880  from  about  $2,750,000  to 
about  $4,500,000,  partly  due  to  the  improvement  and  partly  to  the  general  development  of  that 
section  of  country. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $119  90 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6, 000  00 

6, 119  90 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 * 5,947  37 


July  1 ,  1883,  amount  available 172  53 

NAG'S    HEAD,   NOETH    CAEOLINA.— EEOPENING   A    COMMUNICATION   BETWEEN 
ALBEMAELE  SOUND,  NOETH  CAEOLINA,  AND  THE  ATLANTIC  OCEAN. 

(Page  190.) 

Fifty  thousand  dollars  by  act  of  August  30,  1852.  Modified  act  of  February  14,  1855.  An 
ineffectual  attempt  was  made  to  secure  an  opening  by  dredging.  The  work  was  abandoned  in  1859. 

OCEACOKE  INLET,  NOETH  CAEOLINA. 

(Page  191.) 

First  appropriation  in  1828.  Vessels  drawing  9  feet  could,  at  that  time,  pass  in  from  the  ocean 
at  low  water,  but  the  channel  inside  was  not  practicable  for  vessels  drawing  more  than  5  feet. 

The  appropriations  made  were  applied  until  1836  in  deepening  one  of  the  channels  from  Pam- 
lico  Sound  to.  the  inlet,  during  which  time  an  increase  of  about  3J  feet  of  depth  was  obtained  with, 
at  first,  great  promise  of  permanence.  In  1830,  to  prevent  the  formation  of  a  shoal  that  had  begun 
to  form  at  the  outlet  of  the  dredged  channel,  resort  was  had  to  a  jetty  for  the  concentration  of  the 
current.  This,  when  nearly  completed,  was  materially  injured  by  a  violent  storm  in  August,  1837. 

The  continued  shoaling  of  the  dredged  channel  and  the  destruction  of  this  jetty  eventually  led 
to  the  final  abandonment  of  the  work. 

Between  the  years  1830  and  1835  the  benefit  to  commerce  was  a  material  increase  in  the  number 
of  vessels  seeking  this  outlet  from  North  Carolina  ports  to  the  sea. 


44   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

CHARLESTON  HARBOR,  SOUTH  CAROLINA.  ' 

(Page  205.) 

The  first  appropriation  of  1852  was  applied  to  improving  the  Beach  Channel  by  dredging,  but 
no  substantial  results  were  obtained.  The  appropriations  from  1871  to  1876  were  expended  for  the 
greater  part  in  taking  up  at  various  points  of  the  inner  and  outer  harbor  the  wrecks  of  fourteen 
iron-clad  and  wooden  vessels  sunk  during  the  civil  war.  Their  removal  was  of  benefit  to  commerce. 
In  1878  a  plan  was  adopted  for  increasing  the  depth  of  water  across  the  bar  to  21  feet  by  means  of 
jetties,  the  greatest  depth  being  about  11£  feet. 

No  material  benefit  to  commerce  is  expected  until  the  two  jetties  shall  have  been  further 
extended  and  raised  throughout  their  whole  lengths. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $300, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  nscal  year $163,654  77 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities , 36,877  22 

200,531  99 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 99,468  01 

ASHEPOO  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  205.) 

The  small  appropriation  made  in  1872  was  applied  to  the  removal  of  various  kinds  of  obstruc- 
tions placed  in  the  channel  during  the  civil  war,  by  means  of  which  the  depth  of  10  feet  at  low 
water  was  restored  to  the  channel,  which  had  diminished  by  these  obstructions ;  and  to  that  extent 
commerce  was  benefited. 

ASHLEY  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  205.) 

The  appropriations  of  1880  and  1881  were  applied  to  dredging  a  channel  of  11  feet  depth  at 
mean  low  water  for  10  miles  above  Charleston,  where  formerly  only* 9  feet  existed. 

The  improvement  chiefly  benefits  the  several  phosphate  companies  located  above  the  shoals 
removed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $85  07 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 85  07 

TOWN  CREEK,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  206.) 

A  part  of  the  appropriation  of  1871  was  applied  to  the  removal  of  wrecks,  and  directly  bene- 
fited commerce  by  removing  these  impediments  to  navigation  between  Charleston  and  points  on 
Cooper  River. 

STONO  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  206.) 

The  unexpended  balance  of  the  appropriation  of  1871  for  Town  Creek  was  expended  in  removing 
the  wrecks  of  three  vessels  and  a  number  of  logs,  sunk  as  obstructions  during  the  civil  war,  and 
restored  the  navigable  capacity  of  the  inland  water  communication  among  the  sea  islands  between 
Charleston  and  Port  Royal,  benefiting  commerce  to  that  extent. 

WAPPOO  CUT,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  206.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  It  connects  Stono  and  Ashley  rivers.  Work  is  in  progress.  The 
object  of  the  improvement  is  making  a  straighter  channel  through  Wappoo  Cut  of  6  feet  depth 
at  mean  low  water.  At  present  only  2  to  4  feet  can  be  carried  at  that  stage  through  the  cut. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $10,000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 


20,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $11,432  80 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5,272  00 

— 16,  704  80 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 3,295  20 

SULLIVAN'S  ISLAND,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  205.) 

The  appropriation  of  1880  was  expended  in  building  a  jetty  to  protect  the  beach  in  its  vicinity, 
and  also  to  protect  the  shore  end  of  the  North  Jetty  of  the  Charleston  Harbor  improvement  now 
under  construction,  and  has  served  the  intended  purpose. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.   45 

BRUNSWICK  HARBOR,  GEORGIA. 

(Page  133.) 

The  first  appropriation  of  1836  was  "  for  the  removal  of  the  Brunswick  Bar,"  and  was  so 
expended. 

In  1879,  the  date  of  the  next  appropriation,  there  was  only  9  feet  at  low  tide  over  the  bar  at 
the  entrance  to  the  harbor.  The  improvement  since  commenced  and  still  in  progress  had  resulfed, 
in  June,  1882,  in  establishing  a  channel  of  from  40  to  50  feet  in  width,  with  a  minimum  depth  of 
about  13  feet  at  low  water,  and  has  benefited  commerce  by  increasing  the  depth  over  the  bar. 

The  present  plan  contemplates  a  depth  of  15  feet  at  low  tide  over  the  bar. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1  47 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

25,001  47 

July  1,  1882,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 24,502  57 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 498  90 

SAVANNAH  RIVER  AND  HARBOR,  GEORGIA. 

(Page  134.) 

The  appropriations  between  1826  and  1855,  inclusive,  were  chiefly  applied  to  the  removal  of 
wrecks  sunk  in  the  channel-way  of  the  river  below  Savannah  during  the  Revolutionary  war ;  to 
dredging  shoals  produced  by  them  and  at  other  points,  and  in  constructing  works  designed  to 
throw  a  larger  volume  of  water  into  "Front  River."  The  result  was  an  increase  of  depth  at  the 
worst  places  of  from  7  or  8  feet  at  low  water  to  10  feet,  and  an  increase  of  the  available  high- 
water  depth,  from  Tybee  Roads  to  the  city,  from  about  14  to  16  or  17  feet. 

The  channel-way  of  the  river  below  the  city  greatly  deteriorated  during  the  civil  war,  in  con- 
sequence of  numerous  and  extensive  obstructions  placed  in  it.  The  first  three  appropriations 
since  1872  were  almost  exclusively  used  in  removing  those  portions  of  the  obstructions  most  injuri- 
ous to  navigation,  and  to  that  extent  commerce  was  benefited  by  the  work. 

The  expenditures  since  1874  have  resulted  in  forming  a  practicable  ship  channel  from  Tybee 
Roads  to  the  city  of  Savannah,  by  which  about  13  feet  at  low  water  and  19  feet  at  high  water  can 
now  be  carried  to  the  city. 

Under  the  existing  plan  it  is  expected  that  at  its  completion,  vessels  drawing  22  feet  will  be 
able  to  reach  the  city  wharves. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $15,051  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 200,  000  00 

215,051  92     • 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $116,591  21 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 37,445  09 

154,  036  30 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 61,015  62 

SAVANNAH  RIVER  BELOW  AUGUSTA,  GEORGIA. 

(Page  135.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  object  of  the  improvement  is  to  establish  a  low-river 
channel  5  feet  deep;  at  present  there  is  only  from  2  to  3  feet  of  wJiter  upon  several  shoals  in 
the  channel-way. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  has  as  yet  accrued,  the  expenditures  having  been  for  procuring  a 
suitable  snag-boat. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $75  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,000  00 

25,075  18 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  oustanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $17,6(50  18 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,302  85 

23,963  03 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,112  15 

SAVANNAH  RIVER  ABOVE  AUGUSTA. 

(Pago  135.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  work  so  far  done  has  resulted  in  straightening  the  channel 
and  securing  a  low-river  depth  of  3  feet  at  a  number  of  places  in  the  river  for  64  miles  above 
Augusta,  and  has  produced  aa  immediate  and  permanent  improvement  to  the  navigation  of  the 
river,  benefiting  commerce  to  that  extent. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $247  24 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,  000  00 

15,247  24 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $8,471  53  OH  " 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,380  ISjflf* 

; 12, 851  65 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,395  59 


46      APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUBES  FOE  EIVERS  AND  HAEBOES. 

SAINT  AUGUSTINE  CEEEK,  GEOEGIA. 

(Pago  134.) 

This  constitutes  part  of  the  inland  passage  between  Savannah  and  Jacksonville.  A  part  oj 
the  appropriation  of  1879  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  the  wreck  of  a  heavy  timber  dry -dock 
sunk  during  the  war  to  obstruct  the  channel.  Its  removal  to  a  depth  of  10  feet  at  low  water 
accommodates  the  kind  of  navigation  using  the  inland  passage  and  constitutes  the  benefit  to 
commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,417  66 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,417  66 

DAEIEN  HAEBOE,  GEOEGIA. 

(Page  133.) 

The  appropriation  of  1878  was  expended  in  deepening  two  shoals  in  Darieu  Biver,  below  the 
town,  from  8  to  11  feet  at  mean  low  water,  and  lower  down  two  bars  were  deepened  from  11  to  14 
feet  and  from  8  to  12  feet,  respectively. 

An  active  business  of  shipping  lumber  and  timber  is  carried  on  here,  which  has  been  benefited 
by  the  improvement. 

ALTAMAHA  EIVEE,  GEOEGIA. 
(Page  133.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  work  thus  far  done  has  been  merely  preparatory,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  expenditure  for  procuring  a  snag-boat.  Commerce  has  as  yet  derived  no  benefit 
from  the  proposed  improvement,  which  is  to  secure  a  low-water  channel  80  feet  wide  and  3  feet 
deep  to  the  confluence  of  the  Oconee  and  Ocmulgee,  155  miles. 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  .• $6  10 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 

15,006  10 
July  I,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 137  89 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,868  21 

EOMEELY  MAESH,  GEOEGIA. 

(Page-.) 

This  forms  part  of  the  inland  passage  between  Savannah  Eiver,  Georgia,  and  Saint  John's 
Eiver,  Florida.  It  is  excessively  crooked,  and  vessels  drawing  5  feet  cannot  pass  through  on  less 
than  half  tide. 

The  appropriation  of  1882  not  being  deemed  sufficient,  work  has  been  postponed  to  await 
further  action  of  Congress,  since  the  opening  of  only  a  part  of  the  passage  would  be  useless. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,000  00 

July  1, 18rt3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $61  63 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,399  33 

2,460  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,539  07 

SAINT  JOHN'S  EIVEE,  FLOEIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

The  depth  on  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  this  river  has  generally  been  about  6  feet  at  low  tide, 
and  the  direction  of  the  channel  frequently  changes  under  the  influence  of  storms. 

The  first  appropriation  was  made  in  1852.     The  results  of  its  expenditure  were  not  permanent. 

With  the  appropriations  made  from  1870  to  1878  dredging  was  done  for  temporary  relief  of 
navigation;  depths  from  8  to  10  feet  were  attained  at  low  water,  so  that  vessels  drawing  14  feet 
could  cross  the  bar;  but  these  advantages  could  not  be  permanently  secured. 

Since  December,  1880,  operations  have  been  carried  on,  designed,  by  means  of  two  long  jetties, 
to  establish  and  permanently  maintain  a  mid-channel  depth  of  15  feet  at  mean  low  water  on  the  bar. 

The  works  have  not  yet  sufficiently  advanced  to  give  the  new  channel  the  required  direction 
and  depth. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6,771  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 150,000  00 

156,771  18 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $33,759  95 

July  1.  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 48,609  72 

82, 369  67 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 74,401  51 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      47 

ENTRANCE  TO  CUMBERLAND  SOUND,  GEORGIA  AND  FLORIDA. 

(Page  228.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  depth  of  water  over  the  Fernaudina  Bar  varies  from  11  to  12| 
feet,  aud  a  mean  rise  and  fall  of  tide  of  6  feet. 

Operations  now  in  progress  are  designed  to  create  and  maintain  a  ship-channel  across  the  bar 
of  not  less  than  20  to  21  feet  at  mean  low  water. 

The  appropriations  made  thus  far  have  been  too  small  to  advance  the  work  sufficiently  to 
produce  any  marked  improvement  in  the  channel. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $19,743  11 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 50,000  00 

69,743  11 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1682 68,457  26 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,285  85 

INSIDE  PASSAGE  BETWEEN  FERNANDINA  AND  SAINT  JOHN'S  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  259.) 

Appropriations  were  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1828  and  1838,  and  chiefly  applied 
to  dredging  in  Amelia  River  and  Sawpit  Creek.  On  the  reach  between  Fernandina  and  Nassau 
Sound  there  has  been  maintained  a  least  low-water  depth  of  4  feet,  which  improvement  is  ascribed 
to  the  work  done  with  these  appropriations. 

With  the  appropriations  made  since  1874  the  worst  shoals  between  Nassau  Sound  and  Saint 
John's  River  were  improved  by  dredging  from  time  to  time ;  but  as  there  seems  to  be  no  prospect 
of  securing  any  permanent  benefit  to  commerce  from  the  occasional  expenditure  of  small  appropri- 
ations, work  has  been  discontinued  since  1880. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,434  45 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,434  45 

SAINT  AUGUSTINE  HARBOR,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

The  appropriations  for  this  harbor  between  the  years  1841  and  1852  were  expended  for  the 
extension  and  subsequent  repair  and  preservation  of  an  existing  sea  wall. 

VOLUSIA  BAR,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  133.) 

This  is  at  the  south  end  of  Lake  George,  where  the  waters  of  Saint  John's  River  discharge  into 
the  lake. 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  improvement  contemplates  the  establishment  of  a  channel 
depth  of  6  feet  at  low  stage  by  means  of  two  jetties.  The  depth  was  from  3£  to  4£  feet,  and  about 
1  foot  has  thus  far  been  gained  by  the  works  executed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $66  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5, 000  00 

5,  066  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 4,555  04 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ......................................................        510  96 

CONNECTING  THE  WATERS  OF  INDIAN  RIVER  AND  MOSQUITO  LAGOON  AT  THE 

HAULOVER. 

(Page  130.) 

With  the  appropriations  of  1844  and  1852  the  Haulover  Canal  was  cut  to  a  depth  of  2  feet,  at 
that  time  considered  sufficient  for  the  class  of  boats  that  could  be  carried  through  Mosquito  Lagoon. 
The  work  proved  of  benefit  to  the  people  living  on  the  lagoon  and  on  Indian  River.  The  cut  has 
greatly  deteriorated  from  long  neglect,  and  needs  widening  and  deepening. 

EDISTO  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  -.) 

First  and  only  appropriation,  1882.  A  snag-boat  has  been  employed  removing  snags  and  over- 
hanging 1  rees  over  a  considerable  portion  of  the  river.  The  work  is  to  be  continued. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ..................................  $8,  000  00 

July  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882  ..........................................................  *  ..........     1,94500 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ......................................................     6,055  00 


48      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

SALKIEHATCHIE  RIVER,  SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

(Page  -.) 

First  and  only  appropriation,  1882.  A  snag-boat  has  been  employed  for  a  short  time  on  the 
river.  The  work  projected  comprises  the  removal  of  logs,  shoals,  and  piles  so  as  to  make  a  con- 
tinuous channel  for  77  miles  of  river. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 587  50 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,412  50 

MOBILE  HARBOR,  ALABAMA. 

(Page  117.) 

The  first  appropriation  was  in  1826,  and  those  made  at  intervals  between  that  date  and  1852 
were  applied  to  dredging  a  channel  through  Choctaw  Pass  200  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep,  and  in 
the  partial  dredging  of  a  channel  through  Dog  River  Bar  to  a  depth  of  10  feet.  The  original 
depth  was  5|  feet  at  the  "  pass"  and  8  feet  at  the  "  bar."  From  1870  to  1875  the  work  accomplished 
was  a  channel  300  feet  wide  and  13  feet  deep  through  the  pass,  and  one  of  the  same  depth  and 
200  feet  wide  through  the  bar. 

With  the  appropriation  of  1879,  Congress  sanctioned  the  work  now  in  progress  of  dredging 
the  13-foot  channel  to  a  depth  of  17  feet,  and  extending  it  with  a  uniform  width  of  200  feet  to  the 
17-foot  curve  in  the  lower  bay,  a  distance  of  26f  miles. 

The  improvement  as  far  as  completed  gives  satisfactory  evidence  of  permanence. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  marked.  In  the  fiscal  year  of  1881,  value  of  exports  to 
foreign  ports,  $6,594,840;  imports,  foreign  goods,  $659,397. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $115,276  28 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 125, 000  00 

240, 276  28 
July  1. 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $147,469  47 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,070  29 

150,539  76 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 89,736  52 

PENSACOLA  HARBOR,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  object  of  the  improvement  now  in  progress  is  the  removal 
of  a  bar  that  has  formed  across  the  main  channel  of  entrance  to  the  harbor  and  to  prevent  its 
re-formation. 

The  work  has  not  yet  been  carried  sufficiently  far  to  give  much  benefit  to  commerce,  but  it  is 
expected  that  it  will,  during  the  next  summer,  restore  the  original  depth  of  22J  feet  in  the  channel, 
which  has  of  late  years  considerably  shoaled. 

For  the  fiscal  year  1882,  value  of  exports,  $2,964,896;  imports,  $103,532. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $51,859  34 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 50,000  00 

101,859  34 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $34,884  87 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 669  75 

35,554  62 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 66,304  72 

FLINT  RIVER,  GEORGIA. 
(Page  133.) 

Improvement  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1878.  Previous  appropriations  for  the  Chatta- 
hoochee  and  Flint  jointly  were  applied  to  the  former  only.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  not 
navigable  above  Bainbridge,  and  only  navigable  for  light-draught  steamers  at  high  stage  from  that 
point  36  miles  to  its  mouth.  It  is  now  navigable  at  ordinary  low  water  to  a  point  24 £  miles  above 
Bainbridge,  and  on  a  slight  rise  safely  navigable  for  90  miles  above  Albany. 

There  has  been  a  decided  increase  in  transportation  to  and  from  points  accessible  to  the  river 
since  the  improvement  has  been  in  progress. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,797  21 


27,797  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 16,525  68 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 11,271  53 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      49 

CHATTAHOOCHEE  RIVER,  GEORGIA  AND  ALABAMA. 

(Page  225.) 

First  appropriation,  1874.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  not  navigable  at  low  water.  It 
is  now  navigable  at  low  water  to  Columbus  for  light-draught  steamers. 

The  work  has  consisted  in  clearing  the  river  its  entire  length  each  year  of  snags  and  over- 
hanging trees,  and  in  blasting  rock  shoals  and  deepening  the  channel  by  the  use  of  wing-dams. 

The  improvement  is  not  permanent,  as  there  is  an  annual  accumulation  of  snags  and  other 
obstructions  caused  by  the  winter  freshets. 

There  has  been  a  large  increase  of  commerce  since  the  commencement  of  the  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $16,789  90 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

41,789  90 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 15,372  54 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 26,417  36 

APALAGHICOLA  RIVER  AND  BAY,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  129.) 

Appropriations  made  between  the  years  1828  and  1838  were  applied  to  removing  obstructions 
from  the  river  and  in  deepening  a  straight  channel  in  the  bay. 

APALACH1COLA  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  130.) 

First  appropriation,  1874.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  obstructed  by  numerous  snags, 
and  at  a  point  50  miles  above  Apalachicola  completely  closed  for  a  distance  of  6  miles.  The  con- 
dition of  the  river  is  now  good  and  available  for  light-draught  river  steamers.  Snags  and  over- 
hanging trees  will  have  to  be  removed  every  season  to  maintain  the  improvement. 

Value  of  commerce  in  1874,  $181,338;  in  1882,  $772,565.  Increase  attributed  to  the 
improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2, 129  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2,000  00 

4, 129  84 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 806  87 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,322  97 

APALACHICOLA  BAY,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  130.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  the  channel  of  entrance  from  the  bay  to  the 
river  at  the  wharves  of  Apalachicola  had  a  depth  of  4  feet  at  ordinary  high  tide;  it  is  now  9  feet. 
The  adopted  plan  is  for  a  channel  100  feet  wide  and  11  feet  deep. 

Commerce  in  lumber  and  hewn  timber  is  increasing  rapidly,  and  will  continue  to  do  so  with 
increased  facilities. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $94  95 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,  000  00 


25, 094  95 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $22,227  56 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,209  34 

24, 436  90 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 658  05 

TAMPA  BAY,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  132.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  the  channel  from  the  bay  up  to  wharves  at 
Tampa  was  only  navigable  at  ordinary  high  tide  for  vessels  drawing  5  feet.  The  expenditure  so 
far  has  secured  a  channel  60  feet  wide  and  9  feet  deep.  The  width  is  to  be  increased  to  150  feet 
over  the  bar  and  200  feet  in  the  river. 

Annual  value  of  commerce  benefited,  $500,000.  Fifteen  thousand  head  of  cattle  are  annually 
shipped  to  Cuba. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $20, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 20,000  00 

H.  Ex.  64 7 


50      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

PEAS  CREEK,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Navigable  before  improvement  for  light-draught  river  steamers 
during  high  water,  but  difficult  and  dangerous  from  snags  and  overhanging  trees,  and  not  used. 
The  expenditures  so  far  have  made  a  few  miles  safely  navigable  for  light-draught  river  steamers. 

Work  has  not  been  carried  sufficiently  far  to  result  in  much  benefit  to  commerce.  Xo  statistics 
obtainable. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,576  67 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 4,000  00 

8, 576  67 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 4,512  84 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,063  83 

KEY  WEST  HARBOR,  FLORIDA. 

(Page-.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Improvement  begun,  but  no  expenditures  have  yet  been  made. 
The  improvement  contemplated  is  the  deepening  of  the  northwest  channel  of  entrance  from 
its  present  depth  of  11  feet  at  mean  low  water,  which  is  not  sufficient  for  present  commercial 
purposes,  to  17  feet;  the  object  being  a  saving  of  distance  for  all  vessels  plying  between  this 
and  the  Gulf  ports. 

In  1881  vessels  entered  and  cleared — foreign  ports  677,  domestic,  249. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $25. 000  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 1, 426  88 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 23,573  12 

OCHLAWAHA  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

An  appropriation  of  $10,000  was  made  in  1835  for  clearing  this  stream  from  the  Saint  John's 
to  near  Camp  King,  for  the  transportation  of  provisions  and  military  stores  for  the  garrison  at 
that  post. 

Only  about  one-third  of  this  was  expended  under  the  Quartermaster's  Department,  United 
States  Army.  The  extent  of  the  improvement  made  is  not  known. 

OCHLOCHNEY  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  131.) 

The  appropriation  for  1833  for  this  river  was  expended  in  the  removal  of  logs  from  the  channel 
and  impending  trees  from  the  banks.  The  extent  of  the  improvement  and  its  benefit  to  commerce 
are  not  known. 

MANATEE  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page—.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Improvement  begun  but  no  expenditures  have  yet  been  made. 
The  improvement  contemplates  the  deepening  of  the  bar  at  the  mouth,  and  a  portion  of  the  channel 
of  the  river  from  the  present  navigable  depth  of  8  feet  at  mean  low  water  to  13  feet  at  mean  low 
water,  to  Shaw's  Point  about  2  miles  above  the  mouth. 

Value  of  products  shipped  from  September  1880,  to  July  1, 1881,  $138,462  ;  were  also  shipped 
annually  about  6,000  head  of  cattle. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $12,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $3, 038  99 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 176  23 

3, 215  22 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,784  78 

CALOOSAHATCHEE  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  -.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Improvement  begun  but  no  expenditures  have  yet  been  made. 
The  project  adopted  is  the  deepening  of  the  channel  of  the  river  from  its  mouth  to  Fort  Myers, 
a  distance  of  14  miles,  to  7  feet  at  ordinary  low  water  for  a  width  of  100  feet  as  far  as  funds 
will  admit. 

Fort  Myers  is  the  principal  trading  point  on  the  river.  Population  sparse;  trade  insignificant; 
no  statistics. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  hscal  year 3  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available : 4,996  41 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      51 

SUWANEE  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  132.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  object  of  the  improvement  is  to  afford  a  channel  of  entrance 
into  the  river  from  Suwauee  Bay  of  navigable  width  and  5  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water,  and  to 
give  a  channel  50  feet  wide  and  4  feet  deep  as  far  up  the  river  as  Ellaville  Railroad  crossing,  at 
mouth  of  the  Withlacoochee.  Before  improvement  the  channel  across  the  bar  was  about  3  feet 
deep,  and  the  least  depth  up  the  river  1£  feet.  Expenditures  so  far  have  only  accomplished  a 
channel  of  the  required  depth  across  the  bar,  and  the  improvement  has  not  as  yet  afforded  benefit 
to  commerce.  Several  million  feet  of  pine,  cypress,  and  cedar  timber  have  been  shipped  annually, 
and  the  quantity  is  increasing. 

July  1,  1882,  amout  available $204  01 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,  000  00 

5,204  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 414  34 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,78967 

OHOCTAWHATCHEE  RIVER,  FLORIDA  AND  ALABAMA. 

(Page  225.) 

Appropriations  of  1832  and  1833  and  for  the  Choctawhatchee  and  Holmes  rivers  in  1884,  was 
applied  to  clearing  the  rivers  of  snags  and  overhanging  trees.  The  present  improvement  was 
begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1874.  The  work  done  on  this  river  from  its  mouth,  187J  miles  to 
Geneva,  Alabama,  has  opened  navigation  for  steamers  drawing  4£  feet  water  to  that  point.  The 
improvement  of  the  river  above  Geneva  for  high-water  navigation  has  been  carried  up  as  far  as 
Clay  Bank  Creek,  60  miles.  Before  improvement  navigation  was  by  flat-boats  only.  Light- 
draught  steamers  now  ascend  to  Geneva  the  year  round.  A  considerable  reduction  of  freight  on 
cotton  is  reported  as  resulting  from  the  improvement. 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available $428  93 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,  000  00 

20, 428  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 11,268  97 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,159  96 

ESCAMBIA  RIVER,  ALABAMA  AND  FLORIDA. 

(Page  229.) 

Application  of  the  appropriation  of  1833  and  1836  unknown. 

The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1880.  The  benefit  resulting 
to  commerce  has  been  the  dredging  of  a  channel  over  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  from  the 
original  depth  of  1  foot  9  inches,  to  5£  feet  at  mean  low  water,  100  feet  wide,  greatly  facilitating 
the  transport  of  the  large  amount  of  lumber  which  is  annually  shipped  out  of  the  river  and  con- 
stitutes the  principal  part  of  its  commerce.  The  improvement  is  incomplete. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3, 360  43 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 3(  360  43 

CONECUH  RIVER,  ALABAMA  AND  FLORIDA. 

(Page — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Work  of  improvement  has  been  commenced,  but  not  carried  suffi- 
ciently far  to  benefit  commerce. 

The  river  requires  to  be  cleared  of  snags,  logs,  and  overhanging  trees  to  make  it  passable 
for  steamers. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 |iaj  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 3,377  94 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,622  06 

CAHABA  RIVER,  ALABAMA. 

(Page — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  river  is  closed  to  navigation  by  snags,  logs,  overhanging 
trees,  &c.  Preparations  have  been  made  to  commence  the  work  of  improvement. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  river,  if  open,  would  afford  cheap  transportation  to  about  50,000  bales 
of  cotton.  It  would  also  open  a  water  route  from  the  Alabama  coal  fields  to  the  Gulf. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $20,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 8,924  94 

July  1,1883, amount  available ,.,., ,,.. 11,075  06 


52      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

TALLAPOOSA  RIVER,  ALABAMA. 

(Page .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Preparations  have  been  made  to  commence  the  work  of  opening 
the  river  to  navigation,  which  will  consist  in  the  removal  of  snags,  logs,  overhanging  trees,  and 
other  impediments  to  high  water  navigation. 

The  estimated  principal  products  for  which  an  improved  river  would  furnish  transportation 
are  annually  about  13,000  bales  of  cotton,  and  the  product  of  6,000  more  manufactured,  with  return 
freights  amounting  to  about  $500,000. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 §15,000 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 15,000 

ALABAMA  RIVER,  ALABAMA. 

(Page  117.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  benefit  resulting  from  the  expenditures  for  this  improvement 
is  increased  safety-  to  river  steamers,  greater  regularity,  and  quicker  trips,  with  saving  to  the 
commerce  of  the  river,  which  is  considerable.  In  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 1882,  the  reported 
value  of  commerce  was  $4,689,835. 

The  work  has  consisted  in  the  removal  of  snags  and  overhanging  timber,  and  the  improvement 
of  the  worst  bars  by  dams  and  wing  dams,  the  object  being  to  afford  a  channel  200  feet  wide  and  4 
feet  deep  at  low  water. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $6,098  47 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 20,  000  00 

26,098  47 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 15,491  08 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 10,607  39 

TOMBIGBEE    (BELOW   COLUMBUS)    AND    BLACK  WARRIOR    RIVERS,  ALABAMA 

AND  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  261.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  Before  improvement  this  portion  of  the  Tombigbee  was  navigable 
at  low  water  only  95  miles  of  366  miles  of  its  length,  and  the  Black  Warrior  was  not  navigable  at 
low  water.  The  work  has  consisted  in  the  removal  of  snags,  logs,  and  overhanging  trees,  the 
protection  of  banks  against  washing,  and  the  improvement  of  the  worst  shoals  by  wing  dams. 
The  improvement  is  not  completed,  but  has  been  carried  far  enough  to  make  navigation  safe,  to 
enable  boats  to  make  quicker  trips  and  during  a  lower  stage  of  water  than  formerly,  with  an 
increase  of  the  length  of  the  boating  season.  A  small  annual  expenditure  will  be  required  to  keep 
the  rivers  in  their  improved  condition. 

During  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  on  the  Warrior  the  average  down  freight  of 
cotton  was  15,000  bales;  on  the  Tombigbee,  45,557  bales. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $7,932  69 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 30,000  00 

37,932  69 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 28,116  10 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 9,816  59 

TOMBIGBEE  RIVER,  ABOVE  COLUMBUS,   MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  261.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.*  Before  improvement  there  was  no  navigation  on  this  portion  of 
the  river.  The  work  has  consisted  principally  in  the  removal  of  snags  and  overhanging  trees,  &tc. 
The  benefit  to  commerce  resulting  from  the  expenditure  is  a  saving  on  transportation  of  plantation 
supplies  and  products  to  and  from  points  accessible  to  the  river,  between  Columbus  and  Fulton, 
144  miles. 

A  small  annual  appropriation  will  be  required  to  maintain  the  improvement. 

During  1882  shipments  of  cotton,  down  the  river  from  different  points,  amounted  to 
21,786  bales. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,373  40 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Augusta,  1882 1,000  00 

5,373  40 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 4,54856 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 824  84 

*  $4,667  of  the  appropriation  of  1873  were  expended  upon  this  part  of  the  river. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      53 

PASCAGOULA  RIVER,   MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  170.) 

The  appropriations  of  1827  and  1828  were  applied  to  deepening  the  channel  at  the  mouth  of 
the  river,  but  with  no  permanent  result.  In  1867-'70  a  canal  was  cut  across  the  bar  by  private 
parties,  under  a  charter  from  the  State,  and  $5,000  were  also  expended  from  other  sources.  The 
present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1878,  at  which  time  but  3  feet  water 
could  be  carried  into  the  river.  The  expenditures  have  resulted  in  deepening  the  channel  of 
entrance  7  feet  at  mean  low  water,  and  in  improving  the  river  for  50  miles  above  the  mouth,  by 
the  removal  of  snags  and  overhanging  trees,  &c.,  by  which  navigation  is  made  safe,  at  any  stage 
of  water,  for  small  steamers.  An  annual  expenditure  will  be  required  for  maintenance. 

Custom-house  returns  show  a  decided  increase  of  trade  since  1879. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,345  72 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 8, 00 

10,345  72 

Jnlv  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 6,987  41 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,358  31 

NOXUBEE  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  170.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Improvement  in  progress.  The  benefit  to  commerce  resulting  from 
the  improvement  is  the  opening  of  a  water  route  for  a  large  section  of  the  country  formerly  depend- 
ent upon  a  railroad  for  transportation. 

Steamers  are  now  making  use  of  the  river,  which  has  been  closed  to  them  for  thirty  years. 
The  work  has  consisted  in  the  removal  of  snags,  overhanging  trees,  fish-traps,  and  dams,  but  is 
not  susceptible  of  permanent  improvement. 

Shipments,  when  the  work  now  in  progress  is  completed,  are  estimated  at  16,000  to  18,000 
bales  of  cotton,  with  an  equal  value  of  other  products  and  return  supplies. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1  55 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

10,001  55 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882.. 9,356  24 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 645  31 

HARBOR  AT  BILOXI,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page-.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.    Amount  appropriated  not  being  sufficient  to  warrant  the  co 
mencement  of  work,  its  expenditure  has  been  deferred. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 11  45 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,988  55 

OLD  TOWN  CREEK,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  -.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  Work  of  improvement  will  be  commenced  as  soon  as  the  stage  of 
water  in  the  river  will  admit.  By  the  removal  of  snags,  fallen  timber,  and  overhanging  trees  the 
stream  can  be  made  safely  navigable  for  30  miles  from  the  mouth. 

Cotton  shipments  from  railroad  stations  were  increased  from  10,000  bales  in  1867  to  34,000  in 
1880,  and  the  charges  are  high.  It  is  to  reduce  these  by  a  competing  route  that  the  improvement 
is  desired. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

LA  GRANGE  BAYOU,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  -.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  No  expenditure  has  yet  been  made,  the  appropriation  being  too 
small  to  accomplish  any  good  results. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,1882 $2,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,000  00 

SAINT  MARK'S  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  132.) 

Appropriations  made  between  the  years  1829  and  1834  were  expended  in  removing  the  obstruc- 
tions in  the  harbor,  consisting  of  oyster  bars  and  mud  shoals,  and  in  opening  the  river  for  14  miles. 

The  appropriation  of  1844  was  expended  in  clearing  5  milts  of  the  river  of  snags  and  impend- 
ing trees. 

At  the  time  of  these  appropriations  Saint  Mark's  was  a  place  of  some  commercial  importance. 
The  trade  of  the  port  has  declined,  with  but  little  prospect  of  its  revival, 


54      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

CHIPOLA  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  130.) 

Appropriations,  1835,  $5,000;  1836,  $4,000. 

Improvement  in  charge  of  Quartermaster's  Department  in  1835.  Length  of  river  to  be 
improved,  125  miles.  No  information  at  hand  of  the  progress  or  results  of  the  work  or  of  the 
amount  expended. 

PASS  AU  HERON,  ALABAMA. 
(Page  118.) 

The  result  of  the  work  accomplished  under  the  appropriation  of  1828  for  deepening  the 
channel  of  Pass  an  Heron,  between  the  eastern  end  of  Dauphin  Island,  at  the  Main,  near  Mobile 
Bay,  is  not  known.  A  part  of  the  appropriation  only  was  expended. 

HARBOR  AT  CEDAR  KEYS,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  130.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  The  improvement  consists  in  deepening  the  channel  over  the  outer 
bar  by  dredging  from  8J  feet  to  11  feet  at  ordinary  high  tide,  straightening  the  channel,  and  the 
removal  of  a  wreck.  The  work  has  been  done  at  a  considerable  reduction  in  cost  on  the  original 
estimate,  but  may  require  a  further  expenditure  for  its  preservation. 

It  has  been  attended  and  followed  by  a  large  and  constant  increase  in  the  commerce  and  pros- 
perity of  the  port. 

The  town  is  the  terminus  of  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  Transit  Railroad. 

WITHLACOOCHEE  RIVER,  FLORIDA. 

(Page  133.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Before  improvement  not  navigable  on  account  of  accumulation  of 
snags  and  overhanging  trees,  &c. 

Work  incomplete  and  in  progress,  but  not  advanced  sufficiently  to  be  of  benefit  to  commerce. 
No  commercial  statistics  reported. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,931  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 3,931  63 

SABINE  PASS  AND  BLUE  BUCK  BAR,  TEXAS. 

(Page  209.) 

Improvement  commenced  with  appropriation  of  1875.  With  those  from  this  date  to  1881 
channels  were  dredged  over  the  long  bar  at  the  entrance  to  Sabine  Pass  from  12  to  16  feet  deep, 
where  the  original  depth  was  but  7  feet,  and  through  a  shell  reef  in  Sabine  Pass  and  through 
another  at  Blue  Buck  Bar,  near  the  junction  of  Sabine  Pass  with  Sabine  Lake.  The  channels 
over  the  shell  reef's  have  not  refilled,  but  those  over  the  outer  bar  did  not  prove  self-maintaining, 
and  are  now  filled. 

In  1882  a  project  was  adopted  for  the  construction  of  jetties  by  which  it  is  expected  to  main- 
tain a  permanent  20  foot  channel  over  the  bar. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted,  as  this  new  work  has  only  been  commenced. 

The  value  of  domestic  exports  passing  out  of  Sabine  Pass  is  estimated  at  about  $1,505,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $151,296  06 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1»82 -•- 150,000  00 

301,296  Ofi 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $133,960  47 

July  I,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities  . 14,413  30 

148,373  83 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  (under  contract) .' 152,922  23 

SABINE  RIVER,  TEXAS. 

(Page  210.) 

In  1878,  before  improvement,  the  depth  on  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  Sabine  River  was  3£  feet. 
It  was  dredged  to  6  feet,  and  has  now  about  5£  feet.  By  cut-off's  and  the  removal  of  snags  and 
overhanging  trees  a  marked  improvement  was  made  in  the  river  during  high  stages.  During  low 
water  it  is  only  navigable  a  short  distance  above  Orange.  No  statistics  are  at  hand  to  show  that, 
any  increase  of  commerce  on  the  river  has  resulted  from  this  work.  In  1856  the  State  of  Texas 
appropriated  over  $50,000,  and  in  1874  a  large  amount  of  State  land,  for  the  improvement  of  this 
river.  The  river  is  not  susceptible  of  permanent  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $11,805  09 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 4,000  00 

15, 805  09 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 H.aSB  52 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,516  57 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND   EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      55 

NECHES  RIVER,  TEXAS. 

(Page  209. ) 

Before  improvement,  in  1878,  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  had  a  depth  of  2J  feet.  It  was 
dredged  to  5  feet,  and  has  now  about  4£  feet  depth.  Logs,  snags,  &c.,  were  removed  as  far  up  the 
river  as  Bevilsport,  the  head  of  high-water  navigation.  It  is  not  known  that  this  improvement  of 
navigation  has  been  of  any  benefit  to  commerce.  This  river  is  not  susceptible  of  permanent 
improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $281  44 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5, 000  00 

5,281  44 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882  (surveys) 124  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,156  85 

GALVESTON  HARBOR,  TEXAS. 

(Page  208.) 

In  1870,  before  any  expenditure  was  made  for  the  improvement  of  this  harbor,  the  inner  and 
outer  bars  limited  the  commerce  of  the  port  to  vessels  drawing  not  more  than  11  feet. 

The  inner  bar  has  been  removed  by  the  joint  work  of  the  city  and  the  General  Government  to 
a  navigable  depth  of  20  feet. 

The  object  of  the  improvement  in  progress  on  the  outer  bar,  which  dates  from  1880,  is  the 
contraction  of  the  outlet  so  as  to  force  the  outflow  into  a  narrow  channel  directed  upon  the  bar  to 
effect  its  removal. 

The  work  so  far  accomplished  gives  strong  indications  of  a  successful  result.  An  increase  of 
2  feet  in  the  depth  across  the  bar  has  already  resulted  from  the  expenditures  of  the  last  three 
years,  and  the  saving  to  commerce  in  the  item  of  lighterage  alone  has  been  estimated  at  $400,000, 
at  least,  during  the  past  year. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $300, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $257, 249  88 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 10,509  35 

2(57, 759  23 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ....................................................       32,240  77 

SHIP  CHANNEL  IN  GALVESTON  BAY. 

(Page  208.) 

First  appropriation  in  1872.  This  and  the  appropriations  of  1874  and  1875  were  expended  in 
making  a  channel  through  Redfish  Bar.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  in  1878.  An  effort 
is  being  made  to  secure  a  channel  12  feet  deep,  where  but  8  feet  formerly.  existed,  to  Morgan's  Cut, 
a  distance  of  about  30  miles. 

It  having  become  apparent  during  the  progress  of  this  improvement  that  the  work  could  not 
be  made  permanent  within  a  reasonable  cost,  and  that  the  cost  of  its  maintenance  would  be 
excessive,  further  expenditure  upon  it  has  been  deferred  to  await  the  action  of  Congress  thereon. 

July  1,  1882,  amouut  available  ....................................................     $88,466  13 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882   ................................       94,500  00 

182,966  13 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882  ....................................................................       23,095  63 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ....................................................     159,870  50 

BUFFALO  BAYOU,  TEXAS. 

(Page  208.) 

This  is  a  continuation  of  the  above.  The  work  is  yet  incomplete,  but  has  so  far  benefited  the 
commerce  to  Houston  as  to  permit  uninterrupted  navigation  during  the  past  low-water  season. 

A  navigable  channel  of  about  6  to  8  feet  has  been  improved  to  10  and  12  feet,  which  will  be 
further  improved  by  widening. 

July  1,  1H82,  amount  available  ................................................  '.  .....       $860  98 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ..................................  50,  000  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

1882 


50,860  98 


liabilities  July  1,  1882  ................................................  $22,937  99 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities  ......................................     24,762  17 

--    47,700  16 


July  1,  W83,  amount  available 3.160  82 


56      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

TRINITY  RIVER,  TEXAS. 

(Page  210.) 

Work  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1878.  But  little  money  has  been  expended  on 
this  river.  The  obstructions  to  navigation  were  snags  below  Liberty  and  a  bar  at  the  mouth. 
Snags  have  been  removed  and  the  bar  dredged.  This  bar  will  probably  be  dredged  again  with 
the  balance  of  funds  ou  hand. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  commensurate  with  the  expenditure. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available §6,630  91 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 8, 000  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,630  91 

MOUTH  OF  BRAZOS  RIVER,  TEXAS. 

(Page  207.) 

This  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1880.  In  1881  there  were  5.6  feet  on 
the  bar  at  mean  low  tide.  There  is  now  8.5  feet,  due  to  jetty  now  under  construction,  which  as 
yet  is  not  more  than  half  completed. 

But  little  commerce  has  been  benefited  by  the  improvement  so  far.  The  improvement  is  in  the 
interest  of  the  increasing  sugar  and  cotton  products  of  that  vicinity. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,240  97 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 50,000  00 

52, 240  97 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 50,730  98 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1.509  99 

PASS  CAVALLO,  INLET  TO  MATAGORDA  BAY,  TEXAS. 

(Page  258.) 

The  first  appropriation  was  made  in  1876,  but  the  work  was  deferred  until  a  sufficient  sum  had 
accumulated  to  warrant  its  commencement.  The  navigable  channel  over  the  bar  of  8  feet  has 
remained  unchanged,  as  but  little  progress  has  as  yet  been  made  in  the  improvement  projected  of 
obtaining  a  12-foot  channel  across  the  bar. 

During  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 1882, 147  vessels,  with  a  tonnage  of  140,697,  entered  and 
cleared  at  the  custom-house  at  Indianola,  in  additiou  to  the  many  vessels  not  obliged  to  report. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5, 000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 60,  000  00 

65, 000  00 
July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 60,000  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,000  00 

ARANSAS  PASS  AND  BAY,  CORPUS  CHRISTI,  TEXAS. 

(Page  207.) 

The  first  appropriation  was  in  1879,  at  which  time  the  bar  had  a  depth  of  5  to  5£  feet  only. 
The  project  for  the  work  contemplates  a  depth  of  12  feet  and  the  protection  of  the  head  of  Mata- 
gorda  Island  from  abrasion. 

The  work  of  improvement  as  far  as  it  has  progressed  has  created  a  depth  of  84  feet  on  the 
bar,  and  a  steady  increase  of  depth  is  developing. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  as  reported  by  the  collector  of  customs  at  Corpus  Christi  has  been  a 
business  during  the  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  three  times  greater  than  in  any  previous  year,  due 
to  the  improved  condition  of  the  channel  over  the  bar. 

July  1,  1682,  amount  available §448  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 100, 000  00 

100,448  53 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $62,021  <il 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 36,  371  16 

-    98, 392  77 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,055  76 

HARBOR  AT  BRAZOS  SANTIAGO,  TEXAS. 

(Page  207.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  But  little  has  as  yet  been  expended  upon  this  improvement.  The 
natural  depth  of  7£  feet  at  high  tide  remains  unchanged  across  the  bar.  A  beginning  only  has 
been  made  towards  increasing  it. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  can  be  expected  until  the  work  is  further  advanced. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.   57 

The  imports  and  exports  of  the  customs  district  of  Brownsville  have  averaged  for  the  last 
five  years  from  $4,000,000  to  $5,000,000  per  annum. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,210  75 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 60,000  00 

63,210  75 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,060  75 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 150  00 

3,210  75 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 60,000  00 

PEOTECTION  OF  THE  BANK  OF  THE  EIO  GEANDE  AT  FOET  BBOWN,  TEXAS. 

(Page  209.) 

No  further  appropriation  is  recommended  for  this  work,  since  the  cost  of  any  effective  protec- 
tion from  the  encroachment  of  the  river  would  exceed  the  value  of  the  public  buildings  whose 
destruction  is  threatened.  It  would  be  more  expedient  to  move  the  buildings  to  a  place  of  security. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $230  04 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 ...       1,000  00 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 1,230  04 

GOLOEADO   EIVEE,   TEXAS. 

(Page  208.) 

The  appropriation  of  1852  was  applied  to  opening  navigation  in  the  region  of  the  Colorado 
Baft.  Instead  of  removing  the  raft  and  opening  the  navigation  of  the  main  river,  for  which  the 
appropriation  was  inadequate,  a  lateral  channel  was  opened  through  a  series  of  lakes,  which  proved 
entirely  successful. 

MOUTHS   OF  THE  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  237.) 

Under  the  first  appropriation  for  the  improvement  of  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi,  in  1837, 
the  plan  of  dredging  with  buckets  was  adopted,  and  a  powerful  machine  constructed  and  set  to 
work,  but  it  was  not  fairly  tested  for  want  of  furlher  appropriation. 

The  next  appropriation  was  in  1852,  under  which  a  contract  was  made  for  a  channel  through 
the  bar  at  Southwest  Pass,  18  feet  deep  and  300  feet  wide,  by  stirring  up  the  bottom.  No  further 
appropriation  having  been  made  until  1850,  as  a  consequence  the  18-foot  channel,  completed  in 
1853,  filled  up. 

With  the  appropriation  of  185G  a  jetty  was  built,  by  contract,  about  a  mile  long  on  the  west- 
ern side  of  the  Southwest  Pass,  composed  of  a  single  row  of  pile  planks,  strengthened  at  intervals 
by  piles.  Portions  of  this  jetty  having  been  carried  away  by  storms,  the  contractors  abandoned 
their  plan  and  were  permitted  to  resort  to  the  stirring-up  method,  by  which  they  opened,  in 
1858,  channels  in  the  Southwest  Pass  and  in  Pass  a  1'Outre  18  feet  deep,  which,  as  long  as  the 
process  continued,  preserved  this  depth. 

Further  operations  were  interrupted  by  the  civil  war. 

Appropriations,  mnde  between  the  years  1866  and  1878,  were  expended  in  constructing  and 
operating  two  dredge-boats,  specially  designed  for  deepening  the  bars  by  stirring.  With  these 
two  boats  an  average  depth  of  about  18  feet  was  maintained,  either  in  the  Southwest  Pass  or  in 
Pass  a  I'Ontre,  until  1878,  when  the  improvement  of  South  Pass  by  jetties  having  obtained  a 
depth  of  18  feet,  further  operations  of  the  dredge  boat  were  discontinued. 

The  river  and  harbor  act  of  March  3,  1875,  contained  provisions  authorizing  James  B.  Eads 
and  associates  to  build  jetties  and  other  works  on  the  South  Pass,  with  the  view  of  obtaining  and 
maintaining  deep  water  over  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  Pass  and  through  the  Pass  into  the  river. 
The  time  of  completion  was  limited,  and  payments  were  to  be  made  upon  the  attainment  of  certain 
specified  depths  and  widths  of  channel,  the  ultimate  object  being  to  obtain  a  channel  30  feet  in 
depth  and  300  feet  in  width. 

For  this  work  they  were  to  receive  $5,250,000;  the  final  $1,000,000  not  to  be  paid,  however, 
until  the  last  mentioned  channel  had  been  maintained  for  ten  years,  when  they  were  to  receive 
$500,000,  the  other  $500,000  to  be  paid  when  the  same  channel  had  been  maintained  for  ten 
additional  years.  In  addition  to  the  above  they  were  to  be  paid  $100,000  per  annum  for  main- 
taining this  channel,  as  well  as  interest  at  5  per  cent,  on  the  final  $1,000,000. 

The  construction  of  the  jetties  was  commenced  in  1875,  and  in  1879  a  channel  26  feet  deep 
was  obtained  through  the  jetties  and  the  Pass. 

Congress,  by  acts  of  June  19,  1878,  and  March  3,  1879,  amended  the  original  act  of  March  3, 
1875,  so  that  the  contractors  were  only  to  obtain  a  channel  26  feet  deep  and  200  feet  wide  at 
bottom,  and  having  through  it  a  central  depth  of  30  feet  "without  regard  10  width." 

The  law  in  its  present  form  is  interpreted  to  mean  that  a  channel  26  feet  deep,  200  feet  wide  at 
bottom,  having  a  central  depth  of  30  feet  without  regard  to  width,  must  be  maintained  through 
the  jetties  and  into  the  Gulf;   and  a  channel  26  feet  in  depth,  of  navigable  width,  must  be  main- 
tained through  the  Pass  from  the  jetties  into  the  river  proper. 
H.  Ex.  64 8 


58      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

These  channels  to  be  maintained  for  twenty  years,  dating  from  July  8,  1879,  the  contractors 
to  be  paid  the  amounts  heretofore  stated. 

Thus  far,  since  July  8,  1879,  this  channel  has  been  maintained,  except  for  seventy  days  in  all. 
in  which  there  was  a  deficient  channel. 

There  has  been  no  deficiency  since  September,  1882. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  FROM  CAIRO  TO  THE  PASSES. 

(Page  237.) 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  COMMISSION. 

(Page  246.) 

The  plan  of  improvement  adopted  by  the  Commission  consists  essentially  in  seeking  to  increase 
the  navigable  depths  at  low  water  by  narrowing  the  width  at  that  stage  to  about  3.000  feet,  it  being 
found  that  where  this  width  is  exceeded  bad  navigation  as  a  rule  exists.  To  accomplish  lliis'result, 
recourse  is  had  to  light  permeable  structures  erected  in  the  river-bed  and  designed,  by  checking 
the  velocity  of  the  current,  to  induce  deposits  of  sediment  on  those  portions  of  the  bed  which  it  is 
proposed  to  reclaim  from  the  river.  By  a  continuance  of  this  action,  which  merely  imitates  the 
natural  processes  constantly  at  work,  it  is  expected  that  these  deposits  will  ultimate!;  be  raised  to 
the  level  of  the  normal  banks.  When  this  is  done  the  river  will  have  a  nearly  uniform  width,  and 
the  tendency  which  now  exists  to  form  shoals  in  the  wide  shores  will  be  done  away  with. 

The  principle  proposed  of  contracting  the  water-way  to  secure  increased  depth  is  in  no  sense 
experimental,  but  has  been  successfully  carried  out  on  many  streams  in  this  country  and  abroad. 
The  special  methods  proposed  have  also  passed  beyond  the  experimental  stage ;  they  have  received 
practical  tests  at  various  points  on  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri  rivers,  and  even  the  recent  work 
done  by  the  Commission  already  shows  their  correctness. 

HARBOR  OF  NEW  ORLEANS. 

(Page  237.) 

This  work  was  designed  to  protect  the  wharves  and  harbor  of  the  city  from  the  incursions  of 
the  river.  It  was  begun  in  1878;  the  plan  adopted  was  recommended  by  a  Board  of  Engineers 
convened  at  the  request  of  the  city  authorities.  Great  delays  during  the  prosecution  of  the  work 
was  occasioned  by  the  crowded  state  of  the  wharves  at  points  where  the  work  was  being  carried" 
on,  and  numerous  other  causes  incidental  to  new  and  experimental  work.  What  was  done  failed 
in  its  object,  which  led  to  its  discontinuance  in  September,  1881. 

The  river  and  harbor  act  of  1882  provides  for  including  this  improvement  in  the  general  plan 
under  the  Mississippi  River  Commission. 

No  benefit  to  commerce  resulted  from  expenditures  made. 

MEMPHIS  HARBOR,  TENNESSEE. 
(Page  237.) 

Work  has  been  going  on  at  this  point  since  1878,  the  object  being  to  stop  the  caving  along  the 
upper  part  of  the  city  front.  The  means  of  protection  used  (brush  mattresses)  have  been  quite 
successful. 

VICKSBTJRG  HARBOR,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  237.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Originally  work  was  entirely  confined  to  holding  of  Delta  Point  by 
revetment,  the  object  being  to  prevent  any  further  recession  of  the  deep  water  of  the  river  from 
the  harbor  proper.  The  work  has  been  in  the  main  successful. 

The  work  which  is  now  being  prosecuted  under  the  Mississippi  River  Commission  contemplates 
the  excavation  of  a  basin  in  front  of  the  town  to  be  connected  by  an  open  cut  with  deep  water 
in  the  river. 

NATCHEZ  AND  VIDALIA,  MISSISSIPPI. 
(Page  237.) 

The  main  object  of  this  improvement,  which  has  been  carried  on  since  1880,  has  been  to  arrest 
the  caving  of  banks  in  Giles  and  Marengo  bends,  which  would  ultimately  allow  the  river  to  cut 
through  a  narrow  neck  of  land  and  destroy  the  landing  at  Natchez  and  Vidalia.  These  are  the 
two  best  harbors  on  the  river  below  Cairo,  and  though  no  work  is  actually  needed  in  the  immedi- 
ate vicinity,  their  existence  depends  upon  the  security  of  the  work  in  the  bends  above. 

PEARL  RIVER  FROM  JACKSON  TO  CARTHAGE,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  river  is  much  obstructed  by  logs,  snags,  drift,  standing  trees 
in  the  water,  and  overhanging  trees  on  the  banks.  The  work  in  progress  is  for  obtaining  a  navi- 
gable channel  of  5  feet  at  low  water.  It  is  not  considered  permanent,  as  the  obstructions  are 
liable  to  re-form  at  any  time. 

The  country  tributary  to  this  portion  of  the  river  produces  a  large  amount  of  cotton,  and  the 
opening  of  the  river  to  navigation  is  of  great  importance  to  the  inhabitants  of  its  valley. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOE   EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES.     *59 

Amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  unknown. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $15,398  34 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 2, 500  00 

17,898  34 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 97  58 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 17,800  76 

PEAEL  EIVEE  BELOW  JACKSON,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  natural  cbannel  was  mucb  obstructed  by  snags,  sunken  logs, 
rafts,  standing  trees  in  the  water,  and  overhanging  trees  on  the  banks.  The  object  of  the  improve- 
ment is  to  obtain  a  channel  of  navigable  width  and  5  feet  deep  at  low  water  for  a  distance  of  315 
miles  to  the  mouth  of  the  river.  The  river  has  been  cleared  by  contract  for  195  miles  below  Jack- 
son, and  the  work  is  being  continued  by  hired  labor.  The  improvement  is  not  permanent.  A 
snag-boat  will  probably  be  required  for  some  period  of  each  year  to  keep  the  channel  clear. 

Principal  shipments  on  the  river  are  cotton  and  lumber. 

For  a  great  part  of  its  length  it  is  the  only  means  of  communication.  The  benefit  to  commerce 
from  the  improvement  will  be  the  reduction  of  the  cost  of  freight. 

No  commercial  statistics  at  hand. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $52,924  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 15,000  00 

67,824  92 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $57,239  99 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,228  42 

58, 468  41 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,456  51 

AMITE  EIVEE,  LOUISIANA. 

'  (Page  140.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  river  is  obstructed  by  snags,  sunken  logs,  standing  trees  in 
the  water,  and  overhanging  trees  on  the  banks. 

The  object  of  the  improvement  is  to  obtain  a  channel  of  navigable  width  and  5  feet  deep  at 
low  water. 

Work  is  in  progress,  under  a  contract,  covering  40  miles  of  the  river  above  its  junction  with 
Bayou  Manchac. 

The  commerce  to  be  benefited  is  important,  as  the  river  is  bordered  by  plantations  mostly 
cultivating  cotton,  besides  which  the  principal  products  are  lumber  and  sugar. 

The  annual  value  of  commerce  before  improvement  was  reputed  to  be  $250,000. 

No  recent  statistics  at  hand. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $12,697  74 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882.... 8,164  64 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,533  10 

VEEMILLION  EIVEE,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  142.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  A  navigable  channel  has  been  obtained  on  about  50  miles  of  the 
river  by  the  removal  of  snags,  rocks,  and  overhanging  trees,  and  a  channel  opened  to  Vermillion 
Bay  at  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

The  improvement  benefits  the  commerce  of  Vermillionville,  Abbeville,  and  the  surrounding 
country. 

Amount  of  trade  unknown. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,727  68 

Allotment  from  examinations  and  surveys 253  32 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 4,981  00 

TANGIPAHOA  EIVEE,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  142.) 

First  appropriation,  1872,  which  was  expended  in  clearing  the  river  of  snags,  rafts,  and  lean- 
ing trees  for  16  miles  from  its  mouth. 

With  subsequent  appropriations  since  1880,  the  improvement  has  been  continued  for  about 
50  miles  up  stream.  The  work  is  not  permanent,  as  the  obstructions  are  liable  to  reform. 


60"  APPBOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 

The  trade  of  the  river  is  in  lumber,  cotton,  poultry,  vegetables,  and  fruit  to  New  Orleans. 
Amount  unknown.     Benefit  to  commerce  local. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,991  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 ; 7  26 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,983  75 

TCHBPUNCTE  EIVER,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

The  first  appropriation  of  1872  was  applied  to  the  removal  of  a  wreck  that  obstructed  naviga 
tion,  and  resulted  in  restoring  ample  depth  of  water  and  sufficient  width  of  channel  to  that  part  of 
the  river. 

Subsequent  appropriations,  since  1880,  have  been  applied  to  removal  of  a  bar  at  the  mouth  of 
the  river,  and  of  snags  and  overhanging  trees  as  far  up  as  Covington.  The  work  is  not  considered 
permanent. 

Amount  of  trade  unknown,  but  small. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  entirely  local. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $1,042  24 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 1, 500  00 

2,542  24 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 88  00 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 2, 454  24 

HAEBOE  ON  LAKE  PONTCHAETEAIN,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  142.) 

An  appropriation  of  1852  was  expended  in  the  construction  of  a  wooden  breakwater  1,500  feet 
long  in  front  of  the  Pontchartrain  Eailroad  wharf  to  form  a  harbor  of  refuge.  No  subsequent 
appropriation  having  been  made  for  its  preservation  it  has  gone  to  decay.  The  piles  upon  which 
the  structure  rested  are  still  standing  sound  to  low-water  line,  but  decayed  above. 

There  being  no  harbors  on  the  southern  shore  of  the  lake  into  which  vessels  can  run  for  refuge, 
such  a  work  is  still  a  matter  of  importance. 

TICKFAW  EIVEE,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  142.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  natural  channel  is  much  obstructed  by  snags  and  overhanging 
trees.  The  improvement  in  progress  is  to  obtain  a  channel  of  navigable  width  and  depth  for  a 
distance  of  26  miles  up  stream.  The  improvement  will  not  be  a  permanent  one.  as  the  obstruc- 
tions are  liable  to  reform.  The  benefit  to  commerce  is  local,  and  principally  to  facilitate  the 
floating  of  timber.  Amount  of  trade  unknown. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available f  1,915  26 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 2,000  00 

3,915  26 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 1,919  90 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 1,995  36 

BAYOU  TECHE,  FEOM  SAINT  MAETINSVILLE  TO  POET  BAEEE,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  object  of  this  improvement,  which  is  in  progress,  is  to  secure  a 
low-water  navigation  by  clearing  the  river  of  snags,  logs,  and  impending  trees,  and  the  construction 
of  inexpensive  needle  dams  and  locks. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  important.  More  sugar  is  produced  in  the  Teche  country  than  in 
any  other  equal  area  in  the  State.  The  commerce  of  the  Teche  is  very  large,  as  the  entire  supplies 
of  the  best  portion  of  Louisiana  are  received  by  this  route. 

July  1,1882,  amonnt  available $19,464  65 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,724  60 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 88  67 

3,813  27 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 15, 651  38 

CONNECTION  OF  BAYOU  TECHE  WITH  GEAND  LAKE  AT  CHAEENTON, 

LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  plan  of  improvement  contemplates  the  construction  of  a  canaL 
The  work  has  been  delayed  by  the  necessity  of  acquiring  the  right  of  way  for  the  work.  This  has 
been  secured,  and  the  improvement  is  about  being  commenced. 

The  commerce  to  be  benefited  is  large.    The  sugar  and  cotton  raised  in  the  Teche  country, 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.     "61 

and  that  carried  down  the  Teehe  from  the  west,  will  have  a  route  to  market  shorter  by  75  miles 
than  at  present,  and  a  low-water  depth  of  at  least  1£  feet  greater. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $24,226  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $1,296  70 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 25  00 

1,321  70 


July  1,1883 22,904  30 

BAYOU  BLACK,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  140.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Navigation  from  Morgan  City,  at  the  junction  of  Bayou  Boeuf 
and  Berwick's  Bay,  is  up  the  Boeuf  S£  miles  to  the  Chene,  and  down  the  Chene  2  miles  to  the 
mouth  of  Bayou  Black,  thence  31  miles  up  to  an  old  canal,  now  closed,  half  a  mile  long,  cut 
across  to  the  town  of  Houma,  in  Bayou  Terrebonne. 

From  Morgan  City  to  the  mouth  of  the  Black  there  is  a  10-foot  navigation,  with  ample  width. 
The  obstructions  on  the  Black  are,  on  the  lower  river,  overhanging  trees  and  logs,  and  on  the 
upper,  willows,  brush,  and  grass,  nearly  across  the  channel.  The  improvement  in  progress  is  to 
obtain  a  channel  50  feet  wide  and  6  feet  deep  to  Houma. 

In  1880  the  products  on  the  Black  were  about  5,000  hogsheads  of  sugar,  and  large  crops  of 
rice,  corn,  and  potatoes;  but  the  stream  is  of  great  importance  as  a  natural  link  in  the  chain  of 
interior  water-communication  between  New  Orleans  and  Southwest  Louisiana. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,  040  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

If),  040  84 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882  $2,858  12 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 794  21 

3,652  33 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 11,388  51 

BAYOU   TERREBONNE,   LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  improvement  in  progress  is  cutting  overhanging  trees  for  20 
miles  below  Houina,  and  dredging  for  about  5  miles,  so  as  to  obtain  a  depth  of  4  feet  at  low  water. 
This  is  a  tidal  bayou ;  this  part  of  the  stream  serves  for  purposes  of  a  highway,  and  is  of  great 
importance,  being  connected  with  many  other  bayous,  dependent  upon  it  for  a  route  to  market, 
roads  on  the  bayou  banks  being  useless  for  moving  freight. 

The  commerce  to  be  benefited  includes  the  whole  amount  coming  to  Houma,  which,  in  1878-'79, 
was  14,175  hogsheads  sugar,  20,840  barrels  molasses,  with  much  rice  and  other  produce;  but  sugar 
plantations  furnish  the  greater  part  of  the  freight. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available -fl,577  19 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882    7, 000  00 

8,577  19 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $8,  463  77 

Julv  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 20  00 

8,483  77 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 93  42 

BAYOU  COURTABLEAU,  FROM  PORT  BARRE  TO  THE  ATCHAFALAYA,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  140.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  This  stream,  which  forms  a  connection  between  the  Teche  and  the 
Atchafalaya,  is  obstructed  by  a  bar  near  its  mouth  that  frequently  cuts  off  all  communication  with 
this  last  stream.  It  is  proposed  to  remove  this  bar  by  closing  the  principal  running  bayous  and 
forcing  all  the  water  through  the  mouth,  and  also  to  clear  the  snags  and  impending  trees  from 
Port  Barre  down.  The  work  is  not  quite  completed.  This  is  an  important  link  in  the  water  com- 
munications of  the  interior  of  the  State.  About  three  steamers  a  week  pass  along  the  stream  each 
way  throughout  the  year.  The  improvement  is  important,  especially  to  the  Teche  country.  The 
amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  has  not  been  reported  to  this  office,  but  is  large. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6,085  15 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 3,191  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,893  56 


62      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

BAYOU  LA  FOURCHE,  LOUISIANA. 

(Pago  141.) 

First  appropriation  for  survey  1852,  for  improvement  1878.  The  object  of  the  improvement  is 
to  afford  low-water  navigation  to  the  lower  bayou  by  removal  of  all  obstructions,  such  as  snags, 
wrecks,  and  raft  heaps,  &c.,  with  which  the  natural  channel  was  obstructed  from  Donaldsonville 
down.  The  work  has  reached  as  far  as  24  miles  below  Lockport. 

The  navigation  of  the  La  Fourche  derives  its  importance  principally  from  the  sugar  and  rice 
plantations  along  its  banks,  the  annual  value  of  whose  products  is  reported  to  be  about  $2,000,000. 
These  have  to  be  carried  by  the  bayou  for  market  at  New  Orleans,  either  up  to  the  Mississippi  at 
Donaldsonville  or  down  to  the  Texas  and  Louisiana  Railroad  at  Riceland,  or  to  several  canals  lead- 
ing to  the  Mississippi. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  the  increase  of  facilities  for  transportation. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,06:!  92 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,926  90 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 62  00 

3,988  91 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 675  01 

CALCASIEU  RIVER,  FROM  PHILLIP'S  BLUFF  TO  ITS  MOUTH,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  object  of  the  improvement  is  to  obtain  a  channel  of  navigable 
width  and  depth  from  Phillip's  Bluft'  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  in  Lake  Charles,  56  miles.  The 
natural  channel  is  much  obstructed  by  snags,  sunken  logs,  and  overhanging  trees. 

The  commerce  to  be  benefited  amounts  to  about  2,000  bales  of  cotton  annually,  which  has  now 
to  be  transported  overland  to  a  railroad,  and  lumber.  There  are  seven  saw-mills  near  the  mouth 
of  the  river,  producing  about  2,800,000  feet  per  month,  the  greater  part  of  which  is  shipped  to 
Galveston. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2, 991  39 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 7, 000  00 


9,991  39 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 194  55 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9, 796  84 

CALCASIEU  PASS,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  141.) 

First  approriation,  1872.  With  this  appropriation  a  cut  was  made  across  the  bar  at  the  foot 
of  the  lake,  6,300  feet  long,  60  feet  wide,  and  6J  feet  deep  at  mean  low  water. 

When  work  was  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1881  the  cut  was  found  to  have  filled  to 
some  degree.  It  has  since  been  lengthened,  widened  to  70  feet,  and  deepened  to  8  feet  at  mean 
low  water.  The  work  is  not  considered  permanent,  and  the  depth  was  made  8  feet  to  prolong  its 
usefulness. 

The  amount  of  commerce  benefited  is  that  of  the  trade  of  the  river,  which  is  reported  to 
have  increased  very  much  since  the  first  improvement  was  made. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 8156  75 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 

3, 156  75 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 , 156  75 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3. 000  00 

RED  RIVER,  LOUISIANA,  ARKANSAS,  AND  TEXAS. 

(Pago  258.) 

Appropriations  for  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  this  river  were  made  at  intervals 
between  the  years  1828  and  1841.  There  was  then  an  interval  of  no  appropriation  between  1841 
and  1852,  and  a  longer  interval  of  twenty  years  between  1852  and  1872.  during  which  time  the 
results  of  work  previously  done  were  losjt. 

The  present  improvement  dates  from  1872,  and  has  been  of  great  benefit  to  commerce.  The 
river  was  almost  incapable  of  navigation  above  Shreveport  on  account  of  the  great  raft.  This  has 
been  removed  and  the  river  kept  open  by  means  of  snag  boats  constantly  on  watch  to  remove 
snags  and  accumulations  which  might  give  rise  to  another  raft. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      63 

The  river  is  now  open  from  Fulton  to  its  inouth. 

July  1,  1882,  amounts  available:  ^. 

From  appropriation  for  removing  raft  in  Red  River  and  closing  Tone's  Bayou,  La.  $24, 420  17 

From  appropriation  for  removing  obstructions  from  Red  River,  Louisiana  .    1,446  76 

From  appropriation  for  improving  Upper  Red  River  from  Fulton,  Ark.,  to  head 
of  raft 2,874  19 

28,741  66 
Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 75, 000  00 


103,741  66 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  duriug  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 f 48, 642  23 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 40, 000  00 

88,642  23 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 15,099  43 

BAYOU  BOEUF,  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  140.) 

This  improvement  was  begun  in  1881,  and  has  consisted  in  cutting  down  leaning  trees  along 
the  banks  and  removing  obstructions  from  the  river.  Navigation  has  been  greatly  improved 
thereby,  and  boats  now  run  regularly,  during  high  water,  to  Jefferson,  Louisiana. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 4,743  99 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 256  01 

YAZOO  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation  in  1873.  The  benefit  to  navigation  by  the  improvement  of  this  stream  has 
been  marked. 

The  stream  was  obstructed  by  a  large  number  of  wrecks,  which  have  been  removed,  and  navi- 
gation was  limited  by  snags,  leaning  trees,  and  other  obstacles  common  to  all  such  streams.  These 
having  also  been  removed,  the  capacity  of  the  river  for  navigation  has  been  greatly  increased. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $306  31 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 8,000  00 


8,306  31 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  duriug  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 8,005  13 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 301  18 

BIG  SUNFLOWER  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  170.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  depth  of  water  over  the  shoals  has  been  increased  from  18 
inches  to  3£  feet,  aud  in  the  lower  portions  snags  and  other  obstructions  have  been  removed  from 
the  stream,  which  has  been  freed  from  leaning  timber  from  Clarksdale  to  its  mouth. 

The  improvement  to  navigation  and  benefit  to  commerce  have  been  marked. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available '. $1',  354  62 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,  000  00 


6,354  62 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 : 4,340  54 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 2,014  08 

TALLAHATCHIE  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  capacity  for  navigation  of  this  river  before  improvement,  was 
very  limited  on  account  of  obstructions,  and  has  been  increased  so  that  boats  which  navigate  the 
Upper  Yazoo  can  also  navigate  the  Tallahatchie  as  far  as  Batesville,  the  railroad  crossing. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  marked,  as  testified  to  by  steamboat  men  on  this  river. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 2, 681  72 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available _. 318  28 

COLDWATER  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  170.) 

The  appropriations  of  1879  and  1880  were  applied  to  the  removal  of  snags,  logs,  and  leaning  trees. 
This  stream  cannot  be  put  in  a  navigable  condition  without  an  expenditure  greater  than  the 
commerce  of  that  region  would  warrant. 


64      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  improvement  made  has  been  of  but  little  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,339  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,188-2...  * 34510 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 993  91 

.  TCHULA  LAKE,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  This  stream,  before  improvement,  was  much  obstructed  by  snags, 
logs,  and  overhanging  trees.  Its  capacity  for  navigation  has  been  so  increased  that  light-draught 
boats  can  enter  it  earlier  in  the  season.  The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  marked. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $2, 500  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 2, 228  54 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 271  46 

BIG  HATCHIE  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 

(Page  206.) 

First  appropriation,  1880. 

This  stream  was  almost  incapable  of  navigation  before  improvement.  Since  the  work  has 
been  in  progress  a  fair  capacity  for  navigation  has  been  kept  up. 

The  improvement  has  resulted  in  benefit  to  commerce  by  allowing  the  shipment  of  products 
by  the  river,  where,  heretofore,  a  railroad  had  the  monopoly. 

It  is  as  yet  incomplete. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available §431  89 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 

3,431  89 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882.., * 3,17063 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 261  26 

YALLABUSHA  RIVER,  MISSISSIPPI. 

(Page  171.) 

Before  the  commencement  of  the  work  of  improvement  in  1881  the  capacity  of  the  river  for 
navigation  was  limited.  A  large  number  of  obstructions  have  been  removed,  and  so  increased  the 
facilities  of  navigation  that  a  steamboat  is  being  built  for  use  on  the  stream. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  an  increase  of  shipment  of  cotton  from  3,500  to  12,000  bales, 
which  it  is  expected  will  be  further  increased  upon  the  completion  of  the  improvement. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  »,  1882 $3, 500  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 3,400  24 

July  1,  1883,  a i iioii'n t  available 99  76 

OUACHITA  RIVER,  ARKANSAS  AND  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  257.) 

Improvement  begun  with  appropriation  of  1871.  The  least  depth  of  water  at  low  water  on 
some  of  the  shoals  in  the  river  was  12  inches  before  improvement.  The  stream  is  now  navigable, 
for  boats  drawing  3  feet,  to  Camdeu  at  low  water.  High- water  navigation  has  also  been  greatly 
improved  by  clearing  the  banks  of  leaning  trees  and  the  channel  of  snags,  drift,  etc. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  decided. 

July  1,  1882,  amouut  available ., $1,711  51 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 r 12, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 13,711  51 

TENSAS  RIVER,  LOUISIANA. 
(Page  142.) 

The  small  appropriation  of  1881  is  the  only  one  made  for  this  river.  Commerce  has  been 
benefited  to  a  limited  extent  by  its  expenditure,  which  was  applied  to  removing  leaning  trees, 
logs,  and  snags  from  the  stream. 

BAYOU  BARTHOLOMEW,  LOUISIANA  AND  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  225.) 

Improvement  begun  with  appropriation  of  1881.  The  improvement  has  consisted  in  the 
removal  of  obstructions  from  the  stream. 

It  is  only  susceptible  of  high  water  navigation.  This  has  been  improved,  and  there  are  now 
no  impediments  in  the  part  worked  over. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      65 

The  benefit  to  navigation  has  been  marked. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $582  26 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 5,000  00 

5, 582  26 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 3,976  81 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available  1,605  45 

CYPRESS  BAYOU,  TEXAS  AND  LOUISIANA. 

(Page  228.) 

Improvement  begun  with  appropriation  of  1872.  No  appropriation  since  1879,  and  no  work 
done  here  since  1880.  The  capacity  for  navigation  before  improvement  was  very  limited;  it  is  now 
in  good  condition  for  high-water  navigation. 

Since  the  development  of  railroads  in  this  vicinity  the  navigation  of  the  bayou  has  been  almost 
totally  neglected. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $2,584  58 

July  1,  18s3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 845  78 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 1,738  80 

SOUTH  FORKED  DEER  RIVER,  TEXAS. 

(Page  — .) 

The  only  appropriation  for  this  improvement,  that  of  August  2,  1882,  has  not  been  expended. 
The  stream  is  navigated  by  flat-boats  only,  and  is  crossed  by  numerous  bridges,  which  are 
complete  obstructions. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

ARKANSAS  RIVER  AT  PINE  BLUFF,  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  224.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  work  here  is  with  the  view  of  protecting  the  river  bank  in 
front  of  the  town  from  erosion ;  of  preventing  a  threatened  cut-off  which  would  leave  the  town  3  or 
4  miles  from  the  river  and  seriously  injure  the  river  commerce  at  this  point,  and  to  rectify  the 
channel  in  the  vicinity  for  the  general  improvement  of  navigation. 

The  improvement,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  has  succeeded  in  its  object. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $1,809  01 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,000  00 


21,809  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 19,755  18 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  .......................................................     2,053  83 

ARKANSAS  RIVER  AT  FORT  SMITH,  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  224.) 

Allotment,  1876.  First  appropriation,  1878.  The  improvement  here  was  the  removal  of  a  bar 
that  made  the  landing  difficult  at  low  water,  and  that  was  also  in  the  way  of  passing  boats. 

The  work  lias  accomplished  the  object  for  which  it  was  designed,  and  has  proved  of  benefit  to 
the  river  commerce. 

ARKANSAS  RIVER  BETWEEN  FORT  SMITH,  ARKANSAS,  AND  WICHITA,  KANSAS. 

(Page  224.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  work  in  progress  consists  in  the  removal  of  snags,  rocks,  and 
other  obstructions  to  navigation.  A  large  part  of  the  products  of  the  Indian  Territory  and  of 
Western  Kansas  will  seek  this  outlet  upon  the  completion  of  the  improvement.  The  commerce 
thus  far  benefited  is  that  between  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas,  and  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available  .......................................................  ^  622  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ...............................  '.".'.  20^000  00 

28  622  84 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

1,1*32  ..............................  .....'.  ......................  *  ..........     7,051  83 


J  uly  1,  1883,  amount  available  .............................  2157101 

H.  Ex.  64  -  9 


66      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

WHITE  RIVER,  MISSOURI  AND  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

Allotment,  1870.  First  appropriation,  1871,  for  White,  Black,  and  Little  Red.  The  reach  of 
the  river  covered  by  the  improvements  already  made  extends  from  its  month  to  Summer's  Shoal,  a 
distance  of  about  500  miles.  The  work  done  consists  of  the  removal  of  snags,  logs,  rock,  and 
overhanging  trees,  and  the  concentration  of  water  over  the  shoals  by  means  of  dams  and  dikes 
made  of  brush  and  gravel.  Steamboats  can  now  reach  Summer's  Shoal  on  a  stage  of  water  3  feet 
less  than  before  the  work  was  done.  The  improvement  benefits  the  country  bordering  on  the 
river,  which  is  almost  wholly  dependent  on  water  transportation.  Cotton  is  the  staple  product 
and  is  yearly  increasing. 

In  1879-'80,  15,000  bales  were  carried  by  river  from  Batesville  to  Newport,  Arkansas. 

White  River  between  Jacksonporl  and  Buffalo  Shoals,  Arkansas : 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,265  68 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6,000  00 

8,265  68 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 2, 146  80 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 6, 118  88 


White  River  above  Buffalo  Shoals,  Arkansas : 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,652  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 4, 000  00 

•    5, 652  84 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 120  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,532  84 

SAINT  FRANCIS  RIVER,.  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  The  river  has  been  made  navigable  for  steamboats  at  medium  and 
high  stages  of  the  river  as  far  up  as  Lester  Landing,  about  270  miles  from  its  mouth,  by  the 
removal  of  snags,  logs,  and  overhanging  trees. 

Commerce,  cotton  annually  brought  to  market,  about  35,000  bales,  with  corresponding  return 
freight. 

L'ANGUILLE  RIVER,  ARKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  river  lias  been  cleared  of  snags,  overhanging  trees,  and  other 
obstructions  as  far  as  Marianua,  24  miles  from  its  mouth.  It  has  been  of  material  benefit  to  the 
commerce  of  that  place. 

In  1879,  2,500  bales  of  cotton  were  brought  down  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,149  47 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,149  47 

BLACK  RIVER,  ARKANSAS  AND  MISSOURI. 

(Page  225.) 

First  appropriation,  1871,  for  White,  Black,  and  Little  Red  rivers,  Arkansas. 

A  large  number  of  snags,  trees,  and  other  obstructions  have  been  removed  from  the  river  and 
some  brush  and  gravel  dams  built. 

The  river  is  now  in  a  fair  navigable  condition,  at  low  water,  from  Poplar  Bluff,  Missouri,  to 
30  miles  below,  and  for  a  distance  of  160  miles  above  Jacksonport,  Arkansas. 

Black  River  is  a  tributary  of  White  River.  From  the  Upper  Black  greafc  quantities  of  staves 
are  taken  for  export  to  foreign  countries,  and  from  the  Lower  Black  from  10,000  to  20,000  bales  of 
cotton  are  shipped  to  Memphis  and  other  markets.  Cotton  shipments  are  expected  to  increase 
with  the  improvement  of  the  river. 

Black  River,  Arkansas  and  Missouri  : 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $859  25 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 10,000  00 

10, S59  25 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 5,980  65 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4, 878  60 


Black  River,  Arkansas: 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $810  66 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  wxclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 17  50 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 793  16 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND   HAEBOES.      67 
CUEBENT  EIVEE,  MISSOUEI  AND  AEKANSAS. 

(Page  228.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  By  the  removal  of  snags,  logs,  and  overhanging  trees,  and  the 
construction  of  wiug-dariis  made  of  brush  and  stone  or  gravel  to  concentrate  the  water  over 
shoal  places,  the  river  has  been  made  in  good  navigable  condition  for  a  distance  of  23  miles 
from  its  mouth. 

Shipments  on  the  river  are  principally  cotton  and  lumber. 

FOUEOHE  LA  FEVE  EIVEE,  AEKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  By  the  removal  of  obstructions  this  stream  has  been  made  navi- 
gable, during  medium  and  high  stages  of  water,  from  its  mouth  to  Harrison's  Shoal,  a  distance  of 
about  60  miles. 

Large  quantities  of  lumber  and  cotton  are  brought  down  annually,  besides  grain,  furs,  tallow, 
and  bees-wax.  There  are  also  mines  of  lead,  iron,  and  other  metals  in  the  valley,  which  can  be 
profitably  worked. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $101  85 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 4, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 4,101  85 

SALINE  EIVEE,  AEKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  By  the  removal  of  obstructions  this  river  has  been  made  fairly 
navigable  at  medium  and  high  water  stages  from  its  mouth  up  for  a  distance  of  about  240  miles. 

The  average  pi'oduce  shipped  out  of  the  river  each  year  is  about  10,000  bales  of  cotton, 
50,000  staves,  200  "bales  of  hides  and  sundries,  besides  other  commodities. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $2,474  32 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 4, 000  00 

6,474  32 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 4,128  25 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 2,346  07 

LITTLE  MISSOUEI  EIVEE,  AEKANSAS. 

(Page  119.) 

Appropriations,  1871  and  1872.  Nothing  done  since  the  end  of  fiscal  year,  June  30, 1873. 
The  river  was  cleared  of  obstructions  from  its  mouth  to  Eawle's  Hills,  a  distance  of  29£  miles. 
The  necessity  for  further  improvement  ceased  with  the  making  of  a  railroad  connection  with 
points  on  the  Ouachita  Eiver  in  1874. 

PIEE  IN  THE  MISSISSIPPI  EIVEE,  NEAE  SAINT  LOUIS,  MISSOUEI. 

(Page  236.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1837  were  applied  to  beginning  a  system  of  works,  which,  by 
the  assistance  of  the  city  of  Saint  Louis,  finally  resulted  in  closing  the  chute  east  of  Bloody  Island, 
and  confining  the  channel  of  the  river  to  the  Saint  Louis  shore,  greatly  to  the  benefit  of  the  harbor. 

The  channel  depth,  in  the  portions  of  Saint  Louis  Harbor  affected  by  this  work,  was  increased 
from  5  feet,  in  1837,  to  now  about  12  feet  at  the  lowest  stage. 

HAEBOE  AND  MISSISSIPPI  EIVEE  AT  ALTON,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  236.) 

This  improvement,  made  with  allotments  from  the  appropriations  of  1872  and  1881  and  1882, 
has  resulted  in  deepening  the  channel  of  the  river  for  general  navigation,  and  in  preserving  the 
harbor  and  extending  the  river  front  of  Alton,  and  has  been  positively  beneficial  to  the  commerce 
of  the  Mississippi. 

MISSISSIPPI  EIVEE,  BETWEEN  MISSOUEI  AND  MAEAMEC  EIVEES. 

(Page  235.) 

•  The  appropriation  of  1872  and  subsequent  allotments  were  expended  for  the  benefit  of  Saint 
Louis  Harbor. 

The  work  accomplished  was  principally  that  of  protection,  and  has  been  of  much  value  to  the 
commerce  of  Saint  Louis. 


68      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND   HARBORS. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER,  BETWEEN  MISSOURI  AND  OHIO  RIVERS. 

(Page  235.) 

The  appropriation  of  1873  was  applied  to  the  harbor  of  Saint  Louis  and  at  Horsetail  Bar 
below.  At  Saint  Louis,  in  continuation  of  the  work  begun,  the  results  were  beneficial  to  com- 
merce. At  Horsetail  Bar  the  expenditures  were  productive  of  no  useful  result. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER,  BETWEEN  ILLINOIS  AND  OHIO  RIVERS. 

(Page  938.) 

The  appropriations  under  this  head,  from  1874  and  subsequently,  were  applied  at  first  at 
special  points  where  the  greatest  obstructions  to  navigation  existed,  but  are  now  devoted  to  the 
interest  of  the  general  navigation  of  the  river. 

The  works  are  in  progress  and  incomplete.  They  have  stopped  the  caving  of  banks  and  conse- 
quent injury  to  navigation  for  a  distance  of  24  miles;  have  increased  the  channel  depth  to  at  least 
8  feet  from  Saint  Louis  to  21  miles  below,  where  formerly  there  were  eight  shoals  having  a  depth 
of  but  3£  to  4  feet  at  the  lowest  stage,  and  have  doubled  the  navigable  capacity  of  the  part  of  the 
river  in  which  they  are  located,  during  the  period  of  low  water  when  navigation  is  obstructed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $112,145  18 

Miscellaneous  receipts 86  64 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 600, 000  00 

712,231  82 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 .- $510,995  09 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5,991  15 

516, 986  24 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 195,245  58 

LIBERTY  BAR,  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER. 

(Page  236.) 

The  appropriation  of  1875  and  subsequent  allotments  were  applied  to  the  protection  of  a 
caving  bank.  It  has  prevented  the  destruction  of  certain  land,  but  has  not  deepened  the 
channel,  and  its  benefit  to  commerce  is  insignificant. 

DICKEY'S  ISLAND  TO  MOUTH  OF  OHIO. 

(Page  236.) 

The  appropriations  of  1876, 1878,  and  1879  were  applied  to  bank  protection,  to  arrest  the 
danger  of  a  junction  of  the  Mississippi  and  Ohio  in  rear  of  the  town  of  Cairo. 

Confidence  of  the  people  of  Cairo  was  restored,  and  business  interests  of  the  place  much 
benefited  by  the  work. 

KASKASKIA  BEND. 

(Page  236.) 

The  expenditures  here  were  for  the  protection  of  a  caving  bank.  The  work  was  only  partially 
successful  in  the  protection  of  land,  it  has  not  increased  the  navigable  capacity  of  the  river,  and 
has  been  of  no  benefit  to  commerce. 

CAHOKIA  CHUTE. 

(Page  236.) 

Appropriation  of  1878  and  additional  allotments. 

The  work  done  here,  in  its  present  condition,  has  thrown  the  main  steamboat  channel  into  the 
chute  west  of  Arsenal  Island,  much  to  the  benefit  of  the  Saint  Louis  landing;  has  stopped,  to  a 
large  degree,  the  erosion  of  the  Illinois  shore;  has  deepened  the  channel  from  about  3 £  to  about  10  feet 
at  the  lowest  stage,  and  has  been  of  great  benefit  to  commerce,  both  local  and  general.  The  river 
and  harbor  act  of  August  2,  1882,  provides  that  the  unexpended  sums  heretofore  appropriated  for 
an  ice-harbor  at  Saint  Louis  shall  be  expended  for  the  improvement  of  the  channel  opposite  the 
city  by  repairing  and  raising  the  present  low  dam  at  Cahokia  Chute,  and  such  other  works  as  may 
be  deemed  advisable.  This  work  is  in  progress. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $60,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882  $32,900  54 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,003  40 

33, 903  94 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available , 26,096  06 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  OR  NEAR  CAPE  GIRARDEAU. 

(Page  237.) 

The  work  done  here  has  increased  the  width  of  deep  water  in  front  of  the  town  from  200  to 
1,200  feet;  has  increased  the  depth  of  approach  from  2  to  15  feet,  and  the  depth  in  the  general 
steamboat  channel  from  4  to  8  feet  at  the  lowest  stage. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  general  as  well  as  local. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      69 

OSAGE  RIVER,  KANSAS  AND  MISSOURI. 

(Page  257.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  This  improvement  has  resulted  in  deepening  the  channel  of  the 
river,  for  a  distance  of  60  miles  from  its  niouth,  from  a  depth  of  6  inches,  that  existed  over  numer- 
ous shoals,  to  2  feet  at  low  water;  and  removing  snags  and  overhanging  trees  for  176  miles  from 
its  mouth,  and  has  been  of  much  benefit  to  the  commerce  of  the  river,  which  for  the  fiscal  year 
ending  June  30,  1882,  amounted  to  9,028  tons  carried  by  boats,  valued  at  $263,856,  and  lumber 
rafted  valued  at  $576,372.  , 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available : f  11, 488  51 

Miscellaneous  receipts 45  57 

11,534  08 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiseal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882  $9,823  56 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 49  87 

9, 873  43 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,660  65 

REMOVAL  OF  OBSTRUCTIONS  IN  THE  MISSISSIPPI,  MISSOURI,  AND  ARKANSAS 

RIVERS.— SNAGGING. 

(Page  249-250.) 

Mississippi  River. — Work  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1824.  The  improvement  consists 
in  the  direct  removal  of  dangerous  obstructions  to  navigation.  It  cannot  be  considered  as  affect- 
ing the  navigable  capacity  of  the  river,  as  that  would  seem  to  refer  more  to  the  possible  draught 
of  water  available  before  and  after  improvement,  but  the  ease  and  security  afforded  have  been 
very  great  whenever  the  work  has  been  kept  up.  During  those  periods  when  the  work  has  been 
suspended  or  inadequately  performed,  owing  to  failure  of  appropriations  or  other  causes,  the 
resulting  accumulations  of  snags  have  been  of  great  injury  to  the  commerce  of  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,812  18 

Amount  received  from  sales  of  fuel  to  officers 19  12 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 85, 000  00 

88,831  30 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 69,540  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 19,290  71 

Missouri  River. — The  work  was  begun  in  1832.  The  above  remarks  apply  with  greater  force, 
as  the  accumulation  of  snags  is  relatively  greater. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available |80,  000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 65, 000  00 

145, 000  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 : 46,661  35 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 98,338  65 

Arkansas  River  (page  250). — First  appropriation,  1832. 

Operations  have  extended,  and  obstructions  removed,  from  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas  to 
the  mouth  of  Grand  River,  in  Indian  Territory,  a  distance  of  about  550  miles,  rendering  the  river 
navigable  in  this  distance  for  ten  months  in  the  year,  and  at  high  water  boats  have  ascended  300 
miles  further.  The  operations  on  these  rivers  must  be  continuous,  and  do  not  admit  of  permanent 
completion.  They  benefit  the  whole  great  inland  commerce  of  the  west. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4, 356  41 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35, 000  00 

39, 356  41 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities  • 

July  1,  1882 ! 21,213  28 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 18, 143  13 

IMPROVEMENT  OF   MISSOURI  RIVER,  BETWEEN  SIOUX  (JITY  AND  THE  MOUTH. 

(Pages  251,  252,253.) 

The  appropriations  made  since  1876  for  special  localities  on  the  river  have  been  expended  for 
the  benefit  of  isolated  points,  and,  being  generally  small,  it  became  necessary  to  resort  to  temporary 
devices  and  weak  constructions,  to  the  great  detriment  of  economical  work;  and  as  no  piece  of 
work  could  be  properly  finished,  or  any  plan  thoroughly  carried  out,  the  works  put  in  have  fre- 
quently failed  and  required  renewal,  so  that  although  the  aggregate  amount  of  money  expended 
has  been  considerable,  yet  the  results  have,  in  several  instances,  been  unsatisfactory.  Experience 
has,  however,  fully  demonstrated  that  the  methods  pursued  are  now  no  longer  experimental. 

The  appropriation  of  1882,  being  for  the  whole  river,  in  one  sum,  inaugurates  a  thorough  and 
systematic  improvement,  and  makes  continuity  of  work  possible. 


70   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

Work  has  been  begun  on  that  portion  of  the  river  lying  between  Charleston,  Kans.,  and 
Lexington,  Mo.,  a  distance  of  180  miles,  and  embraces  within  its  limits  five  of  the  localities  where 
work  has  heretofore  been  in  progress,  viz,  Saint  Joseph,  Atchisou,  Fort  Leaven  worth,  Kansas 
City,  and  Lexington. 

It  is  proposed  to  complete  the  improvement  of  this  portion  as  soon  as  possible,  and  then  to 
extend  the  work  to  other  portions  as  rapidly  as  funds  will  permit. 

Amount  received  from  sales  of  fuel  to  officers $97  86 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 850, 000  00 


850,097  86 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $606,  970  59 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 92,927  19 

699,897  78 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 150,200  08 

GASCONADE  RIVER,   MISSOURI. 

(Page  172.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  This  work  has  consisted  entirely  in  the  removal  of  snags,  which  in 
many  places  were  so  numerous  as  to  render  low-water  navigation  too  hazardous  to  be  attempted. 

The  removal  of  these  local  accumulations  of  obstructions  has  been  of  very  marked  benefit  to 
navigation. 

This  improvement  affords  cheap  and  convenient  transportation  for  the  products  of  a  large 
portion  of  Maries,  Osage.  and  Gasconade  counties,  Missouri,  and  will  make  further  development 
of  the  country  profitable.  Wheat  and  corn  are  grown  in  large  quantities.  Iron  ore  and  oak  and 
pine  lumber  plentiful. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $534  31 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 


10,,->34  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 10,025  69 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 508  62 

MISSOURI  RIVER  ABOVE  MOUTH  OF  YELLOWSTONE. 

(Page  251.) 

Improvement  begun  in  1879.  Before  improvement,  boats  could  only  ascend,  after  August  1, 
as  far  as  Cow  Island,  about  150  miles  below  Fort  Benton. 

The  benefits  resulting  from  improvement,  so  far,  are  extension  of  period  of  navigation  above 
Cow  Island,  and  greater  number  of  boats  and  trips  to  Fort  Benton,  owing  to  increase  of  depth  on 
some  of  the  shoals,  and  improved  channels  on  the  rapids. 

The  river  and  harbor  act  of  August  2,  1882,  changed  this  appropriation  to  improvement  of 
the  Missouri  from  Sioux  City  to  Fort  Benton,  and  work  has  been  done  on  the  river  at  points 
between  Fort  Benton  and  Bismarck. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,069  99 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 100,000  00 

101,069  99 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $37,919  72 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 8,938  35 

46, 858  07 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 54,211  92 

*  YELLOWSTONE  RIVER. 

(Page  262.) 

In  1876,  before  improvement,  the  river  was  obstructed  by  Buffalo,  Baker's,  and  Wolf's  rapids, 
all  serious  impediments  to  navigation,  besides  by  several  shoals. 

There  is  now  no  difficulty  in  passing  these  rapids,  and  the  shoals  between  Miles  City  and 
Gleudive  have  a  least  depth  of  3  feet  at  low  water,  greatly  facilitating  the  transportation  of  freight 
to  the  northern  portions  of  Montana. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,115  99 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,000  00 

22,115  99 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 „ $16,886  42 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 399  94 

17,28636 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,829  63 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      71 

IMPROVING  UPPER  MISSISSIPPI— OPERATIONS  OF  SNAG-BOATS. 

(Page  232.) 

Since  1867  four  snag  and  dredge  boats  have  been  built  and  operated  between  Saint  Paul  and 
the  mouth  of  the  Missouri,  a  distance  of  715  miles,  in  removing  obstructions  of  all  kinds,  in  assisting 
stranded  boats,  barges,  and  rafts,  and  dredging  channels  through  shallow  bars. 

The  work  has  been  of  very  great  benefit  to  the  entire  commerce  and  navigation  of  the  Upper 
Mississippi. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $1,374  94 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 25,000  00 

26,374  94 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 16,187  08 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 10,187  86 

IMPROVING  MISSISSIPPI   RIVER  FROM   SAINT  PAUL  TO    DES   MOINES   RAPIDS. 

(Page  232.) 

Since  1868,  515  miles  of  this  portion  of  the  river  have  been  under  improvement  by  the  construc- 
tion of  works  which  confine  and  regulate  the  channel. 

The  work  so  far  carried  out  has  been  very  successful. 

In  some. cases,  by  the  removal  of  a  single  bar  navigation  has  been  opened  up  for  100  miles  or 
more;  and  at  numerous  points  an  increased  depth  of  from  20  inches  at  low  water  to  4  and  6  feet 
and  over  has  been  secured. 

The  whole  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  has  been  very  materially  benefited  by  the  work 
already  accomplished. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $21,399  91 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 250,000  00 

271,399  91 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $167,066  61 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 523  34 

167,589  95 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 103,749  96 

IMPROVING  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  FROM  DES  MOINES  RAPIDS  TO  ILLINOIS  RIVER. 

„  (Page  235.) 

On  this  stretch  of  river,   163  miles,  in  length,  work  of  improvement  has  been  similarly 
conducted,  as  above,  and  has  been  productive  of  like  results. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $47, 479  67 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 200, 000  00 

247,479  67 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1, 1882 $97, 073  84 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5, 978  82 

103,052  66 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 144,427  01 

HARBORS  OF  REFUGE  IN  LAKE  PEPIN. 

(Page  — .) 

No  expenditure  of  the  appropriation  of  August  2,  1882,  for  this  work  has  as  yet  been  made, 
the  amount  appropriated  being  insufficient. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  of  August  2,  1882 $20, 000  00 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 20,000  00 

MISSISSIPPI   RIVER   FROM   THE    BRIDGE    ABOVE   LA   OROSSE,    WISCONSIN    TO 

MOUTH  OF  ROOT  RIVER. 

(Page  232.) 

Four  sand  bars  have  been  removed  in  a  stretch  of  river  of  about  4  miles  and  the  depth 
increased  on  them  from  about  30  inches  to  5  and  6  feet  and  more,  practically  opening  an  unbroken 
stretch  of  136  miles  of  excellent  navigable  water. 

This  work  was  for  the  benefit  of  through  navigation,  and  has  been  of  great  importance  to  the 
entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  GUTTENBURG,  IOWA. 

(Page  233.) 

The  removal  of  a  bar  in  the  raft  channel  opposite  this  place,  a  heavy  shipping  point,  has  been 
of  great  benefit  to  its  commerce  and  to  the  entire  lumber  interest  of  the  Upper  Mississippi,  by 
making,  for  about  14  miles,  a  safer  and  straighter  channel  for  rafts. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $2,527  28 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year. 2,527  28 


72      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR   RIVERS  AND    HARBORS. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  OPPOSITE  DUBUQUE,  IOWA. 

(Page  233.) 

An  immense  sand-bar,  iu  front  of  the  town,  in  great  part  dry  at  low  water,  has  been  dredged 
to  a  depth  of  4J  feet. 

The  entire  commerce  of  Dubuque,  which  is  one  of  the  largest  cities  in  Iowa,  and  an  important 
shipping  point  and  coaling  station,  is  benefited  by  this  improvement. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $10,755  10 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 380  78 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 10,374  32 

ROCK  ISLAND  RAPIDS,  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER. 

(Page  233.) 

First  appropriation  in  1852.    Work  resumed  in  1866.    These  rapids  formed  a  succession  of 
chains  of  rock  extending  entirely  across  the  river  and  obstructing  navigation  for  about  17  miles, 
with  less  than  one  foot  depth  in  many  places.    There  is  now  a  channel  of  at  least  200  feet  in 
width  and  4  feet  in  depth  at  low  water.    The  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  is  im 
mensely  benefited  by  this  improvement. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $4, 990  63 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 2,836  64 

July  1,1883,  amount  available •. 2,154  19 

HAEBOR  AT  ROCK  ISLAND,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  233.) 

The  appropriation  of  1881  has  been  applied  to  dredging  along  the  city  front,  which  has  been 
made  easily  accessible  to  steamers.  More  than  one-half  of  the  appropriation  is  unexpended  and 
held  in  reserve  for  future  emergencies. 

Rock  Island  is  an  importaut  manufacturing  town  of  about  10,000  inhabitants. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $6, 669  62 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 6,669  62 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT   ANDALUSIA,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  233.) 

This  is  a  town  of  500  inhabitants,  and  of  very  little  commercial  importance.  The  object  of  the 
improvement  was  to  make  it  accessible  to  steamboats  at  low  stage.  But  little  benefit  has  resulted 
from  the  expenditure  of  the  small  appropriation  of  1881. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $575  79 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year - 575  79 

HARBOR  AT  MUSCATINE,  IOWA. 

(Page  233.) 

In  1879,  before  improvement,  the  entire  city  front  was  nearly  inaccessible  to  steamboats  at 
low  stages  from  deposits  of  mud  and  saud.  These  have  been  removed  and  a  current  created  which 
.has  so  far  prevented  further  accretions;  the  average  depth  has  been  increased  from  2  to  5%  feet. 

This  is  an  important  manufacturing  city  and  a  large  shipping  point.  The  improvement  has 
resulted  in  great  benefit  to  its  trade  and  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $420  26 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2,500  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,920  26 

RUSH  CHUTE  AND  HARBOR  OF  BURLINGTON,  IOWA. 

(Page  234.) 

First  appropriation,  1875.  The  result  of  this  improvement  has  been  to  increase  the  depth  at 
the  head  of  Rush  Chute,  and  through  it  from  about  30  inches  to  6  feet  at  low  water,  and  at  the 
foot  of  the  chute  from  30  inches  to  4  feet. 

But  a  small  expenditure  has  been  made  at  the  harbor  of  Burlington.  It  has  been  for  dredg- 
ing at  the  steamboat  landings,  which  were  obstructed  by  deposits  of  mud  and  sand. 

Rush  Chute  is  the  main  channel  of  the  river,  and  the  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi 
has  been  benefited  by  its  improvement. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      73 

HARBOR  AT  FORT  MADISON,  IOWA. 

(Page  234.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  The  projected  improvement  has  not  been  fully  carried  out  for 
want  of  fumls.  Before  improvement  the  channel  along  the  shore  was  3  feet  deep  at  low  water  and 
50  feet  wide.  It  is  now  4  feet  deep  and  from  150  to  300  feet  wide. 

This  is  an  important  manufacturing  and  shipping  point  of  about  5,000  inhabitants. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $->,274  25 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1982 2,274  25 

ROCK   RIVER  RAPIDS  AND    DBS   MOINES  RAPIDS   IN   THE   MISSISSIPPI  RIVER. 

(Page  234.) 

Appropriation  of  $100,000  made  in  1852.  This  was  applied  to  removing  rocks  and  bowlders 
from  the  Des  Moines  Rapids,  and  afforded  partial  relief  to  navigation.  Further  appropriation 
made  in  1856. 

DES  MOINES  RAPIDS  CANAL. 

(Page  234.) 

The  construction  of  the  canal  was  begun  iu  1867.  The  Des  Moines  Rapids,  11  miles  in  length, 
consists  of  a  succession  of  chains  of  rock  which  practically  interrupted  navigation  for  several 
months  in  the  year,  necessitating  expensive  transfers  or  an  entire  abandonment  of  traffic. 

There  is  now  a  canal  around  8  miles  of  the  rapids  and  an  excavated  channel  through  the 
rocky  chains  for  the  remaining  3  miles.  Before  improvement  less  than  1  foot  was  found  at  several 
points  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  slackwater  navigation  affording  5  feet  at  low  water,  and  a 
channel  of  the  same  depth  and  200  feet  wide  over  the  remaining  3  miles. 

This  improvement  is  of  the  greatest  importance  to  the  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper 
Mississippi. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $30,247  17 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 

60,247  17 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
Julyl,  1B82 37,136  44 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 23, 110  73 

OPERATING  AND  CARE  OF  DES  MOINES  RAPIDS  CANAL. 

The  standing  estimate  for  operating  and  care,  including  ordinary  repairs,  is  $40,000  per  annum. 
The  future  expenses  of  the  canal  are  provided  for  in  the  act  of  March  3,  1881,  which  authorizes 
the  Secretary  of  War  to  draw  from  the  Treasury  from  time  to  time  such  amounts  as  may  be  needed. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  AND  ABOVE  ALEXANDRIA,  MISSOURI. 

Page  235.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  This  improvement  has  resulted  in  the  removal  of  a  bar  just  below 
the  mouth  of  Des  Moines  River  and  increasing  the  depth  from  30  inches  to  6  feet  at  extreme  low 
water. 

This  benefits  the  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $210  06 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year w 210  06 

IMPROVEMENT  OF  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  QUINCY,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  235.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  work  accomplished  hare  is  the  removal  of  a  bad  bar  obstruct- 
ing navigation  directly  in  front  of  Quincy.  The  depth  on  the  bar  has  been  increased  from  3  to  6 
feet,  and  benefits  the  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  River. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $12,526  22 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 35  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12,491  22 

QUINCY  BAY,  MISSISSIPPI  RIVEK,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  235. ) 

Selected  us  a  favorable  site  for  an  ice  or  winter  harbor  for  steamboats,  &c.  The  depth  of  the 
bay  has  been  increased  over  a  very  large  area  from  an  average  of  2  feet  to  4£  feet,  but  a  compara- 
tively small  part  of  the  work  has  been  completed. 

The  work  is  of  great  importance  to  all  craft  seeking  refuge  in  winter  and  for  repairs,  especially 
to  those  navigating  between  Saint  Louis  and  Keokuk,  and  also  a  safe  place  for  the  storage  of 
rafts  of  lumber  iu  winter. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ... (15, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 14,797  89 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available , 202  11 

H,  Ex.  64 10 


74      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  HANNIBAL,  MISSOURI. 

(Page  235.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  there  was  but  one  available  steamboat  land- 
ing, almost  impossible  at  low  water.  Nearly  one-half  mile  of  shore  is  now  opened  to  the  landing 
of  boats,  &c. 

Hannibal  is  a  very  important  business  point,  and  its  trade  is  very  large. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  AT  LOUISIANA,  MISSOURI. 

(Page  2.35.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  improvement  has  been  the  construction  of  a  dike  which  diverts 
the  current  to  the  Louisiana  shore  and  prevents  the  threatened  formation  of  bars  in  the  main 
channel  in  front  of  the  town.  The  projected  improvement  is  only  partially  finished. 

The  work  is  of  importance  to  the  entire  commerce  of  the  Upper  Mississippi. 

GALENA  RIVER  AND  HARBOR,  ILLINOIS. 

(Pagei:?7.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  The  work  thus  far  accomplished  has  been  dredging  a  cut  from  80 
to  100  feet  wide  from  the  mouth  of  the  river  to  Galena,  which  has  increased  the  channel  depth 
from  20  inches  to  6  feet.  The  work  is  only  of  temporary  benefit.  Owing  to  the  nature  of  the 
material  composing  the  bed  of  the  stream,  the  channels  made  are  soon  greatly  reduced  in  depth 
or  entirely  obliterated. 

The  trade  of  Galena  has  greatly  diminished  of  late  years,  owing  to  railroad  developments, 
and  from  the  extensive  cultivation  of  land  adjoining  the  stream  and  washings  from  mines,  the 
river  has  gradually  so  filled  with  deposits  that  at  low  or  even  medium  stages  but  little  water  can 
be  found  in  the  channel. 

CUIVRE  RIVER,  MISSOURI. 
(Page  171.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  navigation  of  the  river  from  the  mouth  to  "  Chain  of  Rocks," 
about  16  miles,  has  been  improved  by  an  increase  of  about  4  feet  in  the  depth.  The  approach  to 
the  river  is  still  obstructed,  the  improvement  being  incomplete. 

This  work  is  of  but  little  importance  to  commerce. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 5,000  00 

ICE-HARBOR  AT  DUBUQUE,  IOWA. 

(Page  — .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  project  adopted  for  a  winter  harbor  at  this  place  will  create  a 
basin  having  an  area  of  about  500,000  square  feet  and  a  depth  of  6  feet  at  extreme  low  water.  This 
will  create  ample  accommodation  for  all  the  steamboats,  barges,  and  rafts  at  present  likely  to  use 
it.  The  work  is  now  in  progress. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $20,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $11,051  62 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1, 107  70 

12, 159  32 


July  1,  1693,  amount  available 7,840  68 

DRY-DOCK  AT  DBS  MOINES  RAPIDS  CANAL. 

(Page  .) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  project  for  this  work  provides  for  a  dock  near  the  middle  lock 
of  the  canal,  4(>0  feet  long  by  100  feet  in  width,  with  gates  of  80  feet  opening. 

The  work  is  now  in  progress  and  is  intended  for  the  benefit  of  commerce  by  affording  facilities 
for  the  repair  of  boats  and  barges  engaged  in  the  trade  of  the  river,  as  well  as  those  belonging  to 
the  Government  and  in  use  in  the  prosecution  of  its  improvement. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $30,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 5,392  95 

July  1, 1883,  amount  available 24,607  05 

FALLS  OF  SAINT  ANTHONY,  MINNESOTA. 

(Page  231.) 

The  original  object  of  the  preservation  of  the  Falls  was  to  arrest  the  threatened  destruction 
of  the  navigation  of  the  river  above.  The  work  was  commenced  with  the  appropriation  of  1870, 
but  since  1878,  owing  to  the  construction  of  railroads,  there  has  been  no  commerce  on  the  river 
from  the  Falls  to  Saint  Cloud,  77  miles  above;  and  the  expenditures  here  have  proved  to  be  no 
longer  of  importance  to  commerce. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBORS.   75 

The  use  of  this  part  of  the  river  is  now  confined  to  the  running  of  loose  logs. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $11,428  15 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

36,428  15 
Jnly  1,  1883,  amouut  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1.  1882 $34,653  57 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 313  3(5 

34,966  93 


Jnly  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,  461  22 

LOCK  AND  DAM  ON  MISSISSIPPI  EIVEE  AT  MEEKEE'S  ISLAND. 

(Page  231.) 

The  object  of  this  is  to  extend  navigation  from  Saint  Paul  to  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony. 

The  appropriation  of  March  3,  1873,  being  contingent  upon  the  reliuquishment  of  a  grant  of 
laud  for  the  work  made  in  1868  by  the  United  States  to  the  State  of  Minnesota,  which  the  State 
has,  so  far,  failed  to  make,  the  work  has  not  been  commenced. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $25, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 25,000  00 

MISSISSIPPI  EIVEE  ABOVE  THE  FALLS  OF  SAINT  ANTHONY. 

(Page  231.) 

The  first  appropriation  was  made  in  1874,  at  which  time  there  was  about  1£  feet  on  the  worst 
shoals  at  low  water.  On  the  improved  shoals  there  is  now  a  least  depth  of  3  feet  at  low  water. 

There  is  now  no  appreciable  amount  of  commerce  between  Saint  Cloud  and  the  Falls  to  be 
benefited  by  this  improvement.  Between  Grand  Eapids  and  Aitken,  on  the  Northern  Pacific 
B^ailroad,  navigation  has  been  benefited  sufficiently  to  admit  of  steamboat  navigation  at  mean 
low  water.  , 

In  1882  the  amount  of  commerce  between  these  points  was :  in  twenty-seven  trips,  by  two 
steamboats;  freight  carried,  2,026,000  pounds;  passengers,  1,764. 

July  1, 1682,  amount  available $3,359  27 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

13, 359  27 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities,  July  1,1882 $6,613  15 

Jnly  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 714  32 

7,327  47 

July  1, 1883, amount  available,  viz:  improvement  between  Grand  Rapids  and  Conradis 
Shoals 6,031  80 

MINNESOTA  EIVEE,  MINNESOTA  AND  DAKOTA. 

(Page  169.) 

In  1867,  at  the  time  of  the  first  appropriation,  this  river  was  much  obstructed  by  snags,  lean- 
ing trees,  bowlders,  &c.  A  large  number  of  these  obstructions  have  been  removed  as  far  up  the 
river  as  Yellow  Medicine,  so  as  to  admit  the  passage  of  light-draught  steamers.  From  the  nature 
of  the  banks  obstructions  by  snags  and  leaning  trees  are  liable  to  be  created  anew  after  every  flood. 

But  little  benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  the  work  done  on  this  river,  its  navigation 
having  nearly  ceased  since  the  building  of  the  Saint  Paul  and  Sioux  City  Bailroad,  in  1871. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $33  00 

July  1 ,  1883,  amount  available 33  00 

SAINT  CEOIX  EIVEE,  BELOW  TAYLOE'S  FALLS,  MINNESOTA  AND  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  259.) 

In  1878,  before  the  work  of  improvement  was  be-gun,  the  depth  at  low  water,  upon  the  worst 
shoals,  was  12  inches,  and  generally  in  the  river  from  1J  to  2  feet.  The  available  depth  is  now 
from  3£  to  4  feet. 

The  work  done,  thus  far,  has  been  of  the  greatest  benefit  to  the  commerce  of  the  river. 

In  1881,  there  were  on  the  river  two  steamboats  for  freight  and  passengers;  thirty-five  steam- 
boats engaged  in  towing;  freight  carried,  33,823,802  pounds;  passengers,  11,000;  logs  passed 
through  Saint  Croix  Boom,  value,  $2,563,000;  logs  and  lumber  rafted,  185,000,000  feet. 

The  Mississippi  Eiver  steamers  from  Saint  Louis  now  ascend  the  Saint  Croix  to  Stillwater. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 23  57 

Amouut  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  18i2 30,000  00 

30,023  57 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $16,150  80 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1, 198  10 

17,348  90 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12,674  67 


76      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

CHIPPEWA  RIVER,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  217.) 

In  1876,  before  improvement,  the  depth  in  the  river  at  low  water,  upon  the  worst  shoals,  was 
12  inches ;  there  is  now  a  navigable  channel  of  from  3J  to  4  feet.  The  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river 
is  open  to  rafts  of  the  largest  dimensions,  where  formerly  those  drawing  from  12  to  1C  indies  found 
difficulty  in  passing.  The  work  of  improvement  has  been,  thus  far,  confined  to  the  portions  of  the 
river  below  the  entrance  to  Beef  Slough.  It  is  proposed  to  continue  the  improvement  to  Eau 
Claire. 

In  1881,  three  steamboats  plied  on  the  river.  Freight  carried,  1,966  tons;  passengers  carried, 
16,989;  value  of  logs  and  lumber  run,  $7,272,513. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $505  23 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35, 000  00 


35,  505  '_>3 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $26,736  59 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,245  51 

28,982  10 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 6, 523  13 

CHIPPEWA  RIVER  AT  YELLOW  BANKS. 

(Page  217.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  same  benefit  to  commerce  is  expected  as  from  the  improvement 
of  the  channel  of  Chippewa  River,  of  which  this  will  form  au  important  part  by  arresting  the  flow 
of  sand  into  the  channel. 

The  work  is  now  in  progress. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $30, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $4, 054  64 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 9,066  06 

13, 120  70 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 16,879  30 

RED  RIVER  OF  THE  NORTH,  MINNESOTA  AND  DAKOTA. 

(Page  257.) 

The  improvement  of  the  river  commenced  with  appropriation  of  1876.  The  result  of  work  to 
date  is  a  fair  high-water  channel  from  Abercrombie  to  Fargo,  76  miles,  and  a  permanently  im- 
proved channel  from  Fargo  to  75  miles  below  it;  and  18  miles  of  river  improved  below  Grand 
Forks.  Further  improvement  is  in  progress. 

In  1882,  four  steamboats  and  twenty  barges  of  200  tons  capacity  were  engaged  in  the  carrying 
trade.  Wheat,  merchandise,  and  lumber  carried,  56,814,000  pounds.  The  shipments  of  grain  to 
Fargo  and  Moorhead  by  the  river  are  stated  to  be  thirty  times  greater  than  before  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $12, 137  55 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

22, 137  55 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 17,633  53 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,504  02 

LOCK  AND  DAM  AT  GOOSE  RAPIDS,  RED  RIVER  OF  THE  NORTH. 

(Page  257.) 

The  object  of  this  work  is  to  overcome  the  current  and  shoals  of  the  rapids,  so  as  to  connect 
the  improvements  already  made  and  to  be  made  upon  the  channels  of  the  river  above  and  below. 
The  work  has  not  yet  been  begun  ;  $50,000  are  now  available  for  it.  The  estimate  for  completion 
is  $150,000. 

These  rapids,  with  a  fall  of  12  to  14  feet,  stand  as  a  dividing  wall  between  the  two  halves  of 
this  important  grain-carrying  stream,  and  the  proposed  improvement  is  an  absolute  necessity  to 
its  rapidly  increasing  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $20,000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 

50, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 595  24 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 49,404  76 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.       77 

RESERVOIRS  AT  THE  SOURCES  OF  THE  MISSISSIPPI  AND  ITS  TRIBUTARIES. 

(Page  230.) 

This  work  has  so  far  been  limited  to  the  headwaters  of  the  Mississippi  proper  and  to  the 
commencement  of  a  dam  at  Lake  Winebigoshish  and  one  at  Leech  Lake. 

The  reservoir  system  of  the  Upper  Mississippi,  above  Saint  Paul,  contemplates  the  construc- 
tion of  seven  reservoirs  for  the  purpose  of  storing  the  surplus  water  of  spring  and  early  summer, 
to  be  released  during  seasons  of  drought  and  low  water. 

When  completed  they  are  expected  to  prove  of  benefit  to  the  navigation  of  the  Mississippi 
as  far  down  as  Lake  Pepin,  by  increasing  the  flow  of  water  when  the  river  is  at  a  low  stage. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $140,713  05 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 300, 000  00 

440,713  05 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $114,08276 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 14,511  62 

128,594  38 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 312,118  67 

TENNESSEE  RIVER. 
(Page  260.) 

Above  Chattanooga. — First  appropriation,  1852,  with  which  some  channel  work  was  done.  Next 
appropriation,  1870.  The  river  was  originally  obstructed  by  rock  reefs,  gravel  bars,  shoals,  &c., 
with  about  15  inches  water  over  them.  There  are  now  from  2  to  3  feet  at  low  water  as  far  as  Knox- 
ville,  and  the  work  is  not  completed.  The  advantage  to  commerce  is  a  straightened  channel,  with 
obstructions  removed  and  banks  riprapped  where  necessary. 

July  1,  1882,  amoun    available $'!7  70 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 7, 000  00 

7,037  70 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,690  98 

July  1,  1883,  oustanding  liabilities 59  67 

6,750  65 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 287  05 

Below  Chattanooga. — The  State  of  Alabama  began  the  construction  of  a  canal  around  Big 
Muscle  Shoals  in  1831.  In  1836  the  canal  was  opened,  the  work  having  been  done  with  pro- 
ceeds of  public  lands  donated  by  Congress.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  an  allot- 
ment from  the  appropriation  of  1868,  at  which  time  the  canal  was  in  a  dilapidated  condition,  and 
had  been  for  several  years  unused.  The.  original  coudition  of  the  river  was,  to  Brown's  Ferry  (160 
miles),  about  3  feet  water  for  nine  months  of  the  year;  thence  to  Florence  (Muscle  Shoals  obstruc- 
tions), 38  miles,  not  navigable.  From  Florence  to  mouth  of  the  river  10  to  20  inches  over  numer- 
ous shoals  with  navigable  pools  between  them. 

The  present  condition  of  the  river  is  as  follows:  From  Chattanooga  to  Brown's  Ferry  rock 
reefs  reduced,  snags  and  bowlders  removed,  projected  work  incomplete.  From  Brown's  Ferry  to 
Florence,  two  locks  of  canal  at  Elk  River  Shoals  well  advanced;  at  Muscle  Shoals,  seven  locks 
and  masonry  aqueduct  finished,  remaining  two  locks  to  be  finished  during  the  present  summer  of 
1883.  Lock  gates  in  preparation  at  Little  Muscle  Shoals.  A  3-foot  channel  is  now  navigable  from 
the  shoals  to  Florence.  From  Florence  to  mouth  of  the  river,  the  river  has  been  cleared  and  a 
few  additional  inches  of  depth  secured  at  Colbert. Shoals  and  other  points. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  the  securing  of  a  safe  through  navigation,  with  increased  depth  of 
water  at  many  points.  The  work  done  is  of  a  permanent  nature,  but  not  entirely  completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $8,852  16 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 250,000  00 

258,852  16 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $225,198  07 

July  1,  18s3,  outstanding  liabilities 10,004  09 

235,202  16 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 23, 650  00 

FRENCH  BROAD  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 

(Page  230.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  Work  was  done  upon  the  river  by  the  State  some  forty  years  ago, 
but  was  not  of  permanent  advantage.  In  its  original  condition  the  stream  had  from  a  few  inches 
to  2  feet  over  numerous  shoals  at  low  water. 

The  depth  has  been  increased  at  the  most  serious  obstructions,  and  is  now  from  6  inches  to  2 
feet.  The  improvement  is  still  incomplete. 


78      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  a  channel  well  cleared  of  surface  obstructions.  Thirteen  shoals 
improved.  The  increased  depth  and  safe  navigation  has  greatly  increased  freightage  and  rafting. 
The  improvements  are  mostly  of  a  permanent  character. 

July  1,  1&8,  ainouut  available    $1,464  59 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 


6,464  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,436  72 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 27  87 

6,464  59 

CLINCH  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 
(Page  206.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  stream  was  very  shallow,  with  only  a  few  inches  of  water  at 
shoals,  and  no  low-water  navigation.  The  rock  reefs  have  been  reduced  and  the  channel,  cleared 
of  snag,  overhanging  trees,  &c.,  is  now  passable  at  a  stage  of  water  varying  from  2  to  4  feet  lower 
than  before  improvement.  The  work  is  of  a  permanent  nature.  Benefit  to  commerce  is  the 
lengthening  of  season  of  safe  navigation,  with  increasing  freightage  by  flat-boats  principally, 
numerous  rafts  passing  safely.  The  work  is  incomplete. 

July  1.  1882,  amount  available : $3, 502  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  August  2,  1882 3,000  00 


8,502  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $7,369  24 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 597  66 

7,966  90 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 535  10 

HIWASSEE  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 

(Page  207.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  The  work  done  by  the  State  some  fifty  years  ago  gave  but  little 
permanent  benefit  to  navigation.  Before  improvement,  navigation  was  obstructed  by  reefs,  rocky 
projecting  points,  and  gravel  bars,  &c.,  with  only  6  to  8  inches  at  low  water.  There  is  now  a  cleared 
channel  of  22  to  36  inches  at  low  water.  The  benefit  to  commerce  is  the  securing  safe  navigation 
with  increased  depth,  which  has  much  increased  the  freightage  of  cotton  and  cereals.  The  improve- 
ment made  is  practically  permanent. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $31  98 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 1,500  00 

1,531  98 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,382  71 

Julyl,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 17  74 

1,400  45 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 131  53 

DUCK  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 
(Page  207.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  there  was  only  about  1  foot  water  over  numer- 
ous gravel  bars,  both  snags,  bowlders,  and  overhanging  trees,  greatly  obstructing  the  channel. 
The  improvement,  which  is  essentially  completed,  is  a  navigable  channel  of  about  2  feet  from 
Centreville  to  the  mouth  of  the  river,  67  miles.  Raftsmen  report  the  new  channel  a  success,  their 
business  being  very  materially  increased  and  accidents  reduced. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,776  25 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3, 000  00 

4,  776  25 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $4,543  08 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 113  55 

4,656  63 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 119  62 

CUMBERLAND  RIVER. 

(Page  227.) 

o.  Below  Nashville. — The  greater  part  of  the  appropriations  made  between  1832  and  1839  was 
expended  below  Nashville  in  the  construction  of  wing-dams,  dikes,  and  jetties  at  nine  different 
points,  and  in  the  removal  of  snags,  rocks,  and  overhanging  trees.  Some  dams  were  also  built 
by  the  State  of  Kentucky.  Work  was  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1871.  Before  improve- 
ment there  was  an  average  depth  at  shoals  of  about  14  inches  at  low  water.  The  work  done  has 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      79 

resulted  in  a  lengthened  season  of  safe  navigation  for  steamers  drawing  from  3J  to  4  feet,  making 
more  trips  with  less  difficulty  and  in  less  time  than  before  improvement,  and  making  it  practi- 
cable to  run  light-draught  boats  during  the  low-water  season. 

b.  Above  Nashville. — Part  of  the  appropriations  made  between  1832  and  1839  was  expended  in 
removing  rocks,  logs,  snags,  &c.,  from  the  bed  of  the  river,  and  cutting  trees  standing  on  its  banks 
and  overhanging  its  channels. 

The  work  of  improvement  was  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1876,  and  has  resulted  in  a 
cleared  channel,  having  an  increased  depth  of  from  6  to  8  inches  at  the  principal  obstructions,  by 
which  the  season  of  navigation  is  lengthened.  Larger  boats  are  now  making  regular  trips  to 
Point  Burnside  than  were  used  before  the  improvement.  The  work  is  not  completed. 

c.  At  Smith's  Shoals,  Kentucky,  four  rapids  formed  a  positive  barrier  to  up-stream  and  a 
serious  obstruction  to  down-stream  navigation.    The  channel  has  been  narrowed  and  deepened 
by  means  of  wing-dams  and  a  rock  excavation,  facilitating  the  safe  passage  of  rafts  and  coal-boats. 
The  improvement  is  practically  complete  and  permanent. 

The  channel  between  Smith's  Shoals  and  the  falls  of  the  Cumberland  has  been  benefited  by 
the  removal  of  some  immense  bowlders  and  many  snags,  thus  assisting  the  safe  passage  of  boats, 
&c.,  running  out  of  the  Rock  Castle  and  Laurel  rivers. 

d.  Above  the  mouth  of  Jellico  River. — The  channel  has  been  improved  by  removing  snags, 
bowlders,  &c.;  but  this  was  limited  to  the  sections  of  the  river  between  mill-dams  (nine  in  num- 
ber), which  formed  the  principal  obstructions. 

Cumberland  River. 
a.  Below  Nashrille : 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $15,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  nscal  year $9,545  99 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 185  75 

9,731  74 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,268  26 


6.  Above  Nashville: 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3, 392  23 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 


33,  392  23 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $27,806  67 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,197  33 

31,004  00 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,388  23 


c.  Smith's  Shoals  (8  miles  long) : 

•July  1,  1882,  amount  available $254  63 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15, 000  00 


15,254  63 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $14,475  83 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 7  30 

14,483  13 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 771  50 


d.  Above  the  mouth  of  Jellico  (110  miles): 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,063  89 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  3, 1882 5,000  00 

6,063  89 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $216  67 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 119  66 

336  33 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,727  56 

CANEY  FORK  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 

(Page  206.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  Before  improvement  there  was  about  3  feet  5  inches  at  the  numer- 
ous shoals  at  a  3-foot  stage  of  water,  and  many  snags,  gravel  bars,  and  overhanging  trees.  There 
is  now  an  additional  depth  of  about  7  inches,  and  snags,  loose  rock,  and  overhanging  trees  have 
been  removed.  The  work  is  not  completed.  The  benefit  to  commerce  is  a  safe  channel  from  Sligo, 
the  head  of  navigation,  to  the  mouth  of  the  river;  with  increased  freight  steamboats  of  250  tons 
can  now  reach  Sligo  at  a  3-foot  stage. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $4,000  00 

July  1,  1H83,  outstanding  liabilities  '  9gg  07 


July  1   1883  amount  available 3.03393 


80      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

OBEY'S  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 
(Page  207.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  channel  was  obstructed  by  gravel  reefs,  loose  rock,  snags, 
togs,  and  overhanging  trees,  with  about  3  feet  6  iuches  water  on  slioals  at  a  3-foot  stage.  It  has 
been  cleared  and  the  gravel  bars  and  reefs  have  been  reduced  with  a  gain  of  about  6  inches  of 
depth  at  the  principal  shoals,  which  now  makes  a  safe  channel  for  rafts  and  flat-boats  and  gives 
satisfaction  to  raftsmen. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $4  20 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,338  45 

1,342  65 

July  1,  18-)3,  amount  available 3,657  35 

RED  RIVER,  TENNESSEE. 
(Page  207.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  From  the  mouth  to  Port  Royal,  about  38  miles,  the  river  was 
obstructed  by  gravel  reefs,  snags,  and  overhanging  trees,  and  by  two  turnpike  and  one  railroad 
bridge.  The  depth  of  water  was  absut  10  inches  at  the  shoals.  By  the  work  done  there  has  been 
a  gain  of  4  inches  of  water  and  the  channel  has  been  cleared  of  .surface  obstructions.  This  secures 
a  safe  passage  to  rafts  and  flat-boats,  but  the  improvement  does  not  appear  to  have  been  utilized 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $43  57 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 43  57 

GOOSA   RIVER,  GEORGIA  AND   ALABAMA. 

(Page  226.) 

In  1823  action  was  taken  by  the  State  of  Alabama  to  improve  the  navigation  of  the  Coosa, 
and  the  act  of  Congress  of  May  23,  1828,  appropriated  certain  surplus  of  grants  of  laud  for  the 
same  object.  Not  much  work  was  done,  if  any,  under  either.  The  present  improvement  was 
begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1876,  at  which  time  the  river  was  navigable  for  boats  drawing  2£ 
feet,  from  Rome,  Ga.,  to  Greenport,  Ala.,  164  miles,  excepting  at  very  low  water,  when  there  was 
but  14  to  18  iuches  at  several  shoals.  At  Greeuport  five  formidable  reefs,  and  also  at  other 
points,  obstructed  navigation.  By  the  improvement,  as  far  as  it  has  progressed,  reefs  have  been 
reduced,  bars,  &c.,  removed,  and  the  channel  widened  where  required;  a  new,  straight,  wider  and 
deeper  channel  made  through  the  Greenport  Keefs.  Work  on  the  Upper  Coosa  has  resulted 
in  a  gain  of  about  8  inches  of  water.  Two  masonry  locks  are  finished,  and  the  stone  for  the  third 
quarried  and  cut  at  the  canal  projected  around  the  Ten  Island  Shoal  obstruction. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  a  safe,  navigable  channel  from  Rome  to  Greeuport  throughout  the 
year  for  boats  drawing  2£  feet  at  extreme  low  water.  Good  progress  toward  opening  the  canal 
and  an  improved  channel  to  the  Alabama  coal-fields. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $17,857  21 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 83, 700  00 


101,557  21 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $49,698  44 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,841  77 

53,540  21 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 48,017  00 

OOSTENAULA  RIVER,  GEORGIA. 

(Page  134.) 

First  appropriation,  1874.  The  channel  was  greatly  obstructed  by  gravel  bars,  ledges,  loose 
rock,  trees,  &c.,  with  a  varying  depth  at  low  water  of  15  inches  to  3  feet.  The  channel  obstruc- 
tions have  been  removed,  and  wing-dams  built  to  contract  and  deepen  the  channel,  resulting  in  a 
safe  navigable  channel  of  3  feet  depth,  for  nine  months  in  the  year,  below  Calhoun,  Ga.  There 
appears  to  be  no  commercial  necessity  for  any  further  expenditure. 

COOSAWATTEE  RIVER  GEORGIA. 

(Page  134.) 

First  appropriation,  1875.  Before  the  improvement  there  were  surface  obstructions  and  num- 
erous shoals,  with  the  water  varying  from  a  few  inches  to  3  feet  during  the  low-water  season.  A 
good  channel  has  been  secured  having  2  feet  of  water  during  nine  months  of  the  year.  The  work 
contemplated  has  been  completed,  and  there  appears  to  be  no  commercial  necessity  for  any  further 
expenditure. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $141  86 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 1 , 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,141  86 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOE   EIVEES  AND   HABBOBS.      81 

ETOWAH  BIVEB,  GEOEGIA. 

(Page  133.) 

But  one  appropriation  has  been  made  for  this  stream,  that  of  August  14,  1876.  No  work  has 
been  done  except  that  pertaining  to  a  survey.  Nothing  can  be  done  without  recourse  to  locks  and 
dams  at  a  cost  of  over  $2,000,000,  without  any  corresponding  advantages.  Congress,  by  act  of 
August  2,  1882,  transferred  $8,700  of  the  unexpended  funds  to  the  Coosa  Biver  improvement. 

OCMULGEE  EIVEE,  GEOBGIA. 

(Page  131!.) 

This  stream  with  the  Oconee  forms  the  Altamaha,  and  the  three  were  formerly  the  only  avenues 
of  commerce  for  Central  Georgia,  and  now  furnish  a  natural  outlet  for  the  lumber,  cotton,  and 
other  products. of  that  region.  Many  years  ago  the  State  made  several  appropriations  for  its  im- 
provement, amounting  to  at  least  $60,000.  An  examination  of  the  river  was  authorized  by  Con- 
gress in  1852.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1876.  at  which  time 
the  river  was  so  filled,  at  points,  with  snags  and  sunken  logs  as  to  appear  as  immense  rafts,  with 
numerous  sand-bars,  surface  obstructions,  &c.,  and  a  varying  depth  of  22  inches  to  4  feet  at  low 
water.  The  snags  have  been  removed,  the  river  cleared,  and  several  abrupt  bends  straightened. 
Work  is  still  in  progress  and  has  thus  far  resulted  in  a  clear  channel,  with  not  less  than  3£  feet  at 
low  water  between  Hawkinsville  and  the  mouth  of  the  river,  by  which  the  navigation  by  steam- 
boats and  rafts  has  been  much  benefited.  The  nature  of  the  work  is  such  that  a  small  force  will 
be  required  from  time  to  time  to  remove  obstructions  that  may  develop  in  the  future. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $200  51 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 , 5, 000  00 

5,200  51 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  dnring  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $4,037  84 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3  48 

4,041  32 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available .• 1, 159  19 

.  OCONEE  EIVEE,  GEOEGIA. 

(Page  134.) 

The  State  of  Georgia  appropriated  during  the  first  quarter  of  this  century  over  $35,000  for 
this  river.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1878.  The  river  was 
obstructed  by  abrupt  bends,  snags,  &c.,  and  rocky  ledges  and  reefs,  with  from  18  inches  to  2J  feet 
at  low  water  at  the  shoalest  places. 

There  is  now  an  improved  channel  from  Dublin  to  the  mouth  of  the  river,  with  an  increased 
depth  of  water  of  nearly  3  feet  at  low  water.  The  work  is  not  completed.  An  annual  expendi- 
ture will  be  necessary  to  keep  the  channel  clear,  on  account  of  the  river  changing  its  bed  at  many 
points. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $37  85 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5, 000  00 

5,037  85 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $2,088  31 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 720  73 

2,809  04 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,228  81 

LITTLE  TENNESSEE  BIVEE,  TENNESSEE. 

(Page   — .)  • 

The  first  appropriation,  1882.  The  obstructions  are  snags,  bowlders,  reefs,  &c.  The  plan 
adopted  is  to  remove  these  obstructions  and  obtain  a  channel  40  feefcuride  and  2  feet  deep  from 
the  mouth  to  Tellico  Biver,  a  distance  of  13  miles.  The  work  was  begun  in  March,  1883. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

•    July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,712  95 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 487  59 

2,200  54 

July  I,  1883,  amount  available 2,799  46 

SOUTH  FOBK,  CUMBEELAND  EIVEE,  KENTUCKY. 

(Page    -.) 

First  appropriation,  1882.  The  river  is  obstructed  by  reefs,  loose  rock,  gravel  bars,  &c. 
Work  was  begun  in  March,  1883,  having  in  view  an  improved  channel  affording  safe  navigation 
when  the  stream  is  not  less  than  3  feet  above  low  water. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $1,636  32 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 60  00 

1,696  32 


July  1,  1883,  amounts  available 1,303  68 

H.  Ex.  64 11 


82      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

OHIO  RIVER. 

(Page  -225.) 

The  navigation  of  the  Ohio  has  been  greatly  improved;  but  there  being  no  fixed  low- water 
line,  its  navigable  capacity,  before  and  after  improvement,  cannot  be  stated. 

The  depths  in  the  river  being  dependent  upon  rainfall,  there  will  always  be,  in  years  of  little 
rain,  little  or  no  navigation,  as  iu  1881.  for  instance,  no  matter  how  thoroughly  the  river  may 
have  been  improved. 

IMPROVEMENT  OF  THE   FALLS  OF  THE   OHIO  RIVER. 

(Page  -254.) 

Previous  to  February  26,  1872,  when  the  improvement  of  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio  River  first 
became  of  any  practical  benefit  to  commerce,  the  natural  channel-way  at  this  point  was  by  means 
of  three  chutes  over  the  falls.  The  main  chute  (Indiana  Chute)  was  navigable  for  descending 
boats  from  three  to  five  months,  and  for  ascending  boats  about  one  or  one  and  one-half  months 
in  the  year. 

A  canal,  built  by  private  parties,  around  the  falls  on  the  Kentucky  side,  called  the  Louisville 
and  Portland  Canal,  which  was  open  to  commerce  in  1830,  permitted  the  passage  of  vessels  not 
exceeding  185  feet  in  length,  and  50  feet  iu  breadth,  and  was  therefore  only  available  for  the 
smaller  class  of  vessels  which  were  then  navigating  the  rivers  of  the  Mississippi  Basin. 

The  project  for  this  improvement  was  adopted  in  1868,  and  its  object  was  to  deepen,  widen, 
and  enlarge  the  Louisville  and  Portland  ('anal,  to  complete  the  new  locks  and  branch  leading  to 
them  (which  work  had  been  began  in  1860  by  the  Louisville  and  Portland  Canal  Company,  and 
stopped  for  want  of  funds  in  1866).  Since  then  the  project  has  been  extended,  by  the  action  of 
Congress,  so  as  to  include  the  improvement  of  the  Indiana  Chute. 

Ever  since  February  26,  1872,  the  improvements  made  here  have  permitted  the  passage  of 
boats  through  the  canal,  not  exceeding  335  feet  in  length  and  80  feet  iu  width. 

During  the  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  $34,118.60  have  been  expended  upon  Indiana  Chute. 
The  advantage  iu  this  has  been  to  bring  the  natural  main  navigable  channel  over  the  falls  into  a 
better  condition.  All  the  work  done  in  this  direction  will  relieve  the  artificial  channel,  or 
Louisville  and  Portland  Canal,  iu  periods  when  commerce  is  crowded  at  that  point. 

During  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  the  faJls  were  navigable  for  ascending  and 
descending  boats  one  hundred  and  fifteen  days,  and  for  descending  boats  only,  one  hundred  and 
twenty-seven  days ;  2,543  vessels,  with  a  registered  under-tonnage  of  758,871  tons,  passed  over 
them.  These  carried,  in  addition  to  general  merchandise,  18,545,000  bushels  of  coal  and  18,600 
tons  of  iron  ore. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $158,575  44 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 350, 000  00 

508,575  44 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882, '. $362,913  69 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 34,448  38 

397,362  07 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 111,213  37 

OPERATING  AND  MAINTAINING  THE  LOUISVILLE  AND  PORTLAND  CANAL. 

(Page  254.) 

The  fiscal  year  ending  June  30, 1882,  was  remarkable  for  the  number  and  duration  of  the  high 
stages  of  the  river.  The  average  annual  period  during  which  the  canal  was  required  by  the  com- 
merce of  the  Ohio  River  during  the  previous  seven  years  was  about  three  hundred  and  twenty 
days.  During  that  year  it  was  required  only  two  hundred  and  fifty  days,  and  was  closed  one  hun- 
dred and  fifteen  days  on  account  of  high  water  only. 

Three  thousand  nine  hundred  and  sixty-four  vessels  passed  through  the  canal,  whose  regis- 
tered under-tonuage  amounted  to  904,343  tons.  In  addition  to  the  general  merchandise  which 
they  transported,  11,348,000  bushels  of  coal,  25,800  tons  of  iron  ore,  and  58,850  barrels  of  salt 
were  carried  by  them. 

The  act  of  March  3,  1881,  authorizes  the  Secretary  of  War  to  draw  his  requisition  on  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  from  time  to  time,  for  the  purpose  of  operating  and  keeping  the 
canal  in  repair. 

The  total  expenditures  for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1883,  were  $61,333.14,  of  which  sum, 
$4,000.91  was  for  repairing  damages  caused  by  the  great  flood  of  February,  1883,  and  $2,692.18 
was  for  permanent  improvements. 

ALLEGHENY  RIVER,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  200.) 

The  result  of  the  work  of  improvement,  begun  in  1879,  has  been  to  make  navigation  much 
safer  and  to  deepen  the  low-water  channel  about  1  foot  between  Pittsburgh  and  Red  Bank  Creek, 
as  well  as  on  many  ripples  above  that  point. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,899  28 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 

16,899  28 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 16,082  59 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available ,-.,,.. 816  69 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOB  EIVERS  AND  HABBOES.      83 

MONONGAHELA  EIVEE,  PENNSYLVANIA  AND  WEST  VIEGINIA. 

(Page  253.) 

In  1872,  before  improvement,  the  depth  at  low  water  did  not  exceed  6  inches.  The  works 
now  in  progress  are  designed  to  afford  a  6-foot  navigation  from  Dunkard  Creek,  Pennsylvania, 
to  Morgantowu,  West  Virginia. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $37,968  97 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 25, 000  00 

62, 968  97 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $34,679  22 

Julv  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,990  40 

39,669  62 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 23,299  35 

ICE-HAEBOE  AT  MOUTH  OF  MUSKINGUM. 

(Page  197.) 

Work  begun  in  1880  and  in  progress,  designed  to  admit  the  largest  Ohio  River  tow-boats,  with 
their  tows,  into  the  lowest  pool  of  the  Muskingum  Eiver  for  shelter  at  all  stages. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $7,254  62 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,000  00 

47,254  62 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $38,653  97 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 683  69 

39,  337  66 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,916  96 

HAEBOE  OF  EEFUGE,  NEAE  CINCINNATI. 

(Page  194.) 

Begun  in  1879.  The  two  dikes  built  have  been  of  benefit  to  the  commerce  of  Cincinnati  by 
successfully  holding  back  ice-flows  coming  from  above,  besides  having  deepened  the  water  on  Four 
Mile  Bar. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $16,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 16,000  00 

KENTUCKY  EIVEE,  KENTUCKY. 

(Page  139.) 

First  appropriation,  1879,  at  which  time  there  was  no  regular  and  permanent  navigation, 
the  five  old  locks  and  dams  on  the  lower  portions  of  the  river,  built  and  owned  by  the  State  of 
Kentucky,  having  become  by  disasters  and  neglect  practically  useless,  and  above  them  too  little 
water  in  low  stages  with  ripples  and  bars  of  rock  and  gravel  in  the  channel. 

The  four  lower  locks  have  been  rebuilt  and  opened  to  navigation,  and  the  reconstruction  of  the 
fifth,  and  the  construction  of  a  new  lock  and  dam  have  been  commenced. 

The  navigation  afforded  by  the  work  thus  far  accomplished  has  been  active,  and  a  depth  of 
6  feet  maintained  on  about  82  miles  of  river. 

This  improvement  is  principally  in  the  interest  of  the  products  of  the  forest,  and  of  the  coal 
and  iron  tributary  to  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1  24 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882    225,000  00- 

225,001  24 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expendedduringfiscalyear,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $116,191  51 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,037  70 

117,229  21 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 107,772  03 

TEADEWATEE  EIVEE,  KENTUCKY. 

(Page  140.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Snags,  overhanging  trees,  and  other  obstructions  have  been 
removed  from  the  river  as  far  as  funds  would  admit,  and  a  channel  excavated  through  a  rock  bar 
at  the  mouth  of  the  stream,  which  has  already  proved  of  benefit  to  navigation. 

Before  improvement  28,000  tons  were  annually  shipped  from  this  region,  including  about  8,000 
tons  of  coal. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 3, 5UO  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,502  92 


84      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

BIG  SANDY  RIVER,  WEST  VIRGINIA  AND  KENTUCKY. 

(Page  139.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Before  improvement  the  natural  channels  were  narrow  and  crooked 
with  but  3  inches  of  water  over  shoals  and  ripples  at  low  stages.  There  are  now  18  inches  over 
them  at  extreme  low  water,  and  from  20  to  24  inches  at  average  low-water  stages,  with  the  work 
of  improvement  incomplete. 

In  the  river  and  harbor  act  of  1880,  provision  was  made  for  the  construction  of  a  lock  and 
dam  at  Louisa,  which  has  been  begun.  This  will  form  a  pool  extending  some  distance  up  the  Tug 
and  Louisa  forks  for  the  security  of  timber  rafts  and  coal,  coming  down  the  forks  until  it  can  be 
run  to  the  Ohio  River. 

In  1882,  the  annual  value  of  the  trade  on  the  river  was  reported  to  be  $2,854,366  and  increasing. 

July  1,  J882,  amount  available $89,204  12 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 


114,204  12 
July  1,  18»3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities,  July  1,  1882 $12,538  90 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 100  50 

12,639  40 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 101,564  72 

GUYANDOTTE  RIVER,  WEST  VIRGINIA. 
(Page  217.) 

First  appropriation,  1878.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  obstructed  with  snags,  rocks, 
and  bars,  and  with  relics  of  locks  and  dams  built  some  twenty-five  years  ago  for  the  benefit  of 
navigation,  under  a  charter  from  the  State  of  Virginia. 

The  total  length  of  river  now  more  or  less  improved,  is  119  miles.  The  object  of  the  improve- 
ment is  a  raft  navigation,  with  chutes  30  feet  wide  and  eighteen  inches  deep  for  boats. 

More  rafts  were  run  out  of  the  river  this  spring  than  ever  before. 

Value  of  the  trade  of  the  river  in  1882,  $975,250. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $846  36 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 2, 000  00 


2,846  36 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 1,427  48 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1,418  88 

LITTLE  KANAWHA  RIVER,  WEST  VIRGINIA. 
(Page  217.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  The  Little  Kauawha  Navigation  Company  completed  in  1874  the 
building  of  four  locks  and  dams,  making  a  slack-water  navigation  of  4  feet  for  43  miles  above 
Parkersburg. 

The  work  done  by  the  United  States  has  been  the  removal  of  rock  and  other  obstructions  from 
the  head  of  slack-water  navigation  up  to  Bulltown,  a  distance  of  87  miles,  and  the  commencement 
of  a  lock  and  dam  which  will  extend  slack- water  navigation  about  12  miles  further  than  it  exists 
at  present. 

The  returns  of  the  navigation  company  show  a  considerable  increase  of  business  since  this 
clearing  of  the  upper  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 848,663  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 31,000  00 

79,663  58 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1H82 $15,495  92 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1, 899  96 

17,395  88 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 62,267  70 

WABASH  RIVER,  INDIANA  AND  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  260.) 

First  appropriation  for  improvement,  1872,  previous  expenditures  having  been  for  surveys. 
Before  improvement  the  river  was  only  navigable  at  high  stages.  A  lock  at  Grand  Rapids  and 
a  few  improvements  at  other  points  bad  been  made  by  private  enterprise,  but  they  had  become 
almost  useless.  Steamers  drawing  2  feet  now  regularly  navigate  the  river  for  70  miles  below 
Mount  Carmel,  and  small  boats  can  go  from  Vincennes  to  Terre  Haute  at  stages  of  water  not 
before  possible. 

Three  million  eighty-two  thousand  nine  hundred  and  seven  bushels  of  grain,  besides  large 
quantities  of  lumber  and  general  merchandise  passed  over  the  river  in  the  season  of  1882. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      85 

Wabash  River. — Below  Vincennes. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $444  11 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,000  00 

40,444  11 
July  1,  1883,  amouut  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities 821,691  04 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 659  14 

22,350  18 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 18, 093  93 

Wabath  River. — Between  Vincemies  and  Lafayette. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,023  30 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 

34,023  30 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882  819,05807 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,144  77 

20,202  84 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 13,820  46 

WHITE    RIVER,  INDIANA. 

(Page  138.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  not  navigable  owing  to  snags 
and  other  obstructions.  The  work  of  improvement,  as  far  as  it  has  now  progressed,  has  resulted  in 
clearing  the  river  entirely  for  a  distance  of  17  miles  from  its  mouth,  and  partially  so  for  23  miles 
further.  Work  upon  a  new  channel  through  an  obstruction  near  the  mouth  of  the  river  is  in  pro- 
gress. No  material  benefit  to  commerce  is  expected  from  expenditures  made  until  this  channel  is 
completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $8, 298  67 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  20, 000  00 


28,298  67 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $20,583  29 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,185  19 

21,768  48 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 6,530  19 

HARBOR  AT  DULUTH,  MINNESOTA. 

(Page  169.) 

First  appropriation  in  1871.  There  is  now  a  depth  of  16  feet  in  the  inner  harbor  where  formerly 
there  were  but  8  and  10  feet,  and  the  area  of  anchorage  ground  has  been  largely  increased  and 
deepened  to  15  feet. 

The  freight  received  and  shipped  by  lake  during  1882  amounted  to  5,300,000,000  pounds. 

Arrivals  and  departures  of  vessels  of  all  kinds,  1,665. 

Increase  of  arrivals  of  all  kinds  iu  1882  over  1881,  162. 

The  arrivals  and  departures  in  1873  were  740. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 8393  94 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 45, 000  00 


45,393  94 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 1 $18,468  11 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 5,599  11 

24,067  22 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 21,326  72 

SUPERIOR   CITY  ENTRANCE,  AND  DREDGING  IN  SUPERIOR  BAY,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  223.) 

The  work  for  this  improvement,  begun  in  1867,  has  been  the  construction  of  piers  at  the  nat- 
ural entrance;  shore  and  beach  protection  on  Minnesota  Point,  and  dredging  the  approaches  to 
Superior  City. 

Before  improvement  the  depth  at  entrance  was  10  feet  and  navigation  precarious;  it  is  now 
12£  feet  and  is  about  to  be  dredged  to  15  feet;  thence  to  the  wharves  at  Superior  City  the  depth 
is  from  15  to  16  feet. 

The  value  of  the  trade  and  commerce  of  Superior  City  for  1881  is  stated  to  have  been  $1,590,000. 


86   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $4,461  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,000  00 

44,461  58 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $14,999  81 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,135  77 

21,135  58 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 23,326  0° 

HARBOR  AT  GRAND  MARAIS,  MINNESOTA. 

(Page  169.) 

This  improvement,  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1879,  is  the  creation  of  a  harbor  of  refuge 
on  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  between  Duluth  and  the  British  Possessions,  by  the  con- 
struction of  a  breakwater. 

The  harbor  has  been  deepened  so  that  vessels  drawing  16  feet  can  now  enter  for  shelter. 
The  work  is  in  progress  and  it  is  designed  to  enlarge  the  dredged  area  in  the  harbor,  and  by 
the  completion  of  the  breakwater  to  create  additional  anchorage  space. 

The  depth  of  water  before  improvement  only  admitted  vessels  drawing  10  feet,  and  the 
harbor  afforded  but  little  shelter. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available , $3.577  61 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,  000  00 


23,577  61 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $849  08 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,917  24 

3,766  32 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 19,811  29 

ONTONAGON  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  164.) 

This  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1867,  at  which  date  the  deposit  at  the 
mouth  of  Ontonagon  River  extended  nearly  half  a  mile  into  the  lake,  the  channel  across  this  bar 
having  only  a  depth  of  6  feet.  The  deep  water  in  the  harbor  has  been  connected  with  deep  water 
in  the  lake  by  a  channel  about  125  feet  wide  and  11  feet  deep  at  low  water,  protected  by  two  piers 
200  feet  apart. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  an  improved  inlet  for  supplies  and  an  outlet  for  the  forest,  agri- 
cultural, and  mining  products  of  the  vicinity. 

July  1,  1382,  amount  available $565  76 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,000  00 

20,565  76 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 '. $3,592  90 

July  1,  18«3,  outstanding  liabilities 1,040  70 

4,633  60 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ...: 15,932  16 

EAGLE  -HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  160.) 

First  appropriation,  1866.  The  entrance  to  this  harbor  was  obstructed  by  a  rocky  reef,  upon 
which  there  was  a  depth  of  about  9  feet.  There  is  now  a  protected  channel  of  entrance  through 
this  reef  with  a  width  of  1?0  feet  and  a  depth  of  14  feet. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  the  development,  np  to  the  full  requirements  of  navigation, 
of  an  entrance  to  the  harbor,  thereby  permitting  an  inlet  to  supplies  and  an  outlet  for  the  mining 
products  of  the  vicinity. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,867  53 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 65  00 

July  1,  1883,   amount  available 3,802  53 

MARQUETTE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  162.) 

In  1867,  before  improvement,  this  was  a  roadstead  partially  protected  by  the  contiguous  shore- 
lines and  giving  access  to  wharves  and  ore  docks  along  the  front  of  the  town. 

There  is  now  a  commodious  roadstead,  protected  by  a  breakwater  2,010  feet  in  length,  with 
its  end  resting  in  water  over  30  feet  deep. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  the  increased  protection  of  the  wharves  and  ore  docks  of  the  port 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      87 

and  the  formation  of  a  harbor  of  refuge  accessible  to  and  largely  used  by  the  commerce  of  Lake 
Superior. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $097  46 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 16, 000  00 

16,697  46 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 6,574  32 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10,123  14 

HARBOR  OF  REFUGE  AT  GRAND  MARAIS,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  161.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.    Work  commenced  during  the  present  fiscal  year. 

This  harbor  is  about  midway  between  Marquette  and  Sault  Saiute  Marie.  It  is  an  inclosed 
bay  having  an  area  of  300  acres,  240  of  which  have  a  depth  of  from  18  to  50  feet.  The  natural 
entrance  from  the  lake  is  obstructed  by  a  bar  with  a  depth  of  only  6  feet. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  will  be,  by  the  improvement  of  the  entrance,  the  formation  of  a  con- 
venient and  commodious  harbor  of  refuge  for  the  entire  American  commerce  of  Lake  Superior,  at 
a  point  where  the  present  damage  to  commerce  from  a  lack  of  such  refuge  is  very  great. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $27,837  86 

Miscellaneous  receipts 84  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40, 000  00 


67,921  86 
July  1,  I8b3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $8,253  63 

July  1,  18H3,  outstanding  liabilities 1,939  98 

10, 193  61 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 57,728  25 

MANISTIQUE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  162.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  depth  of  the  natural  channel  of  entrance  was  originally  7  feet. 
Before  improvement  by  the  United  States  slab  piers  had  been  built  on  each  side  of  the  entrance 
to  10  feet  water  in  the  lake  by  private  means.  With  part  of  the  appropriations  of  1880  and  1881 
this  depth  was  increased  to  12  feet,  but  a  storm  having  destroyed  a  considerable  part  of  one  of 
the  ph-rs,  work  was  suspended  by  reason  of  the  refusal  of  the  company  controlling  the  harbor  to 
rectify  their  pier-lines  when  rebuilding  their  piers. 

The  commercial  importance  of  this  harbor  is  local  and  confined  to  one  or  two  mill  interests. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,583  11 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,583  11 

MOUTH  OF  CEDAR  RIVER,  WEST  SIDE  OF  GREEN  BAY,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  -.) 

A  new  work.  Originally  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  had  a  depth  of  about  3  feet.  By 
private  enterprise  a  slab  pier  has  been  built  on  one  side  of  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  and  a 
channel  dredged  about  150  feet  wide  and  8  feet  deep. 

No  expenditure  has  yet  been  made  for  the  improvement  of  this  channel. 

Commercial  benefit  local,  and  confined  for  the  present  to  one  mill  interest. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $15,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year  „ 580  62 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,419  38 

MENOMONEE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  230.) 

In  1871,  before  improvement,  a  bar  extended  into  Green  Bay,  over  which  the  depth  of  water 
was  about  6  feet. 

The  deep  water  in  the  harbor  is  now  connected  with  the  deep  water  of  the  bay  by  a  channel 
300  feet  wide,  not  less  than  10  feet  deep,  and  including  therein  a  channel  100  feet  wide  and  14  feet 
deep.  The  channel  is  protected  by  two  parallel  piers  400  feet  apart. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is,  that  this  entrance  admits  the  heaviest  draught  of  lumber  vessels 
for  the  exportation  of  the  very  large  forest  products  and  the  development  of  a  water  transportation 
for  the  general  merchandise  of  the  vicinity. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1  86 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 

15,001  86 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 603  35 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available ,....,.„,,„... 14,398  51 


88      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

OCONTO  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  221.) 

A  new  work  recently  begun  with  the  combined  appropriations  of  1881  and  1882.  By  corporate 
work  an  artificial  connection  has  been  made  between  Oconto  River  and  Green  Bay,  but  a  bar  exists 
at  the  entrance  of  the  river  from  the  bay  with  not  more  than  3%  feet  water. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  that  will  result  from  the  improvement  projected  will  be  the  formation 
of  a  channel  of  8  feet  from  the  deep  water  of  the  bay  to  that  of  the  river,  facilitating  the  shipment 
of  the  products  of  the  forest,  and  the  receipt  of  general  merchandise. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $10,000  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 15^000  00 

25,  000  00 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $7,541  10 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 832  n 

8,373  21 

July  1,  1883,  amouut  available 16,626  79 

PENSAUKEE  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page-.) 

A  new  work.  No  expenditure  of  the  appropriation  of  1882  has  yet  been  made  for  purposes  of 
construction. 

The  improvement  proposed  is  the  extension  of  a  slab  pier  already  built  by  private  enterprise 
and  the  deepening  of  the  present  dredged  channel  of  7  feet  to  10  feet,  from  the  bay  to  the  harbor, 
which  will  increase  the  facilities  for  shipping  the  products  of  the  forest  and  the  receipt  of  supplies. 

The  advantages  will  largely  accrue  to  a  single  mill  interest. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 685  15 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 9,314  85 

GREEN  BAY  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  219.) 

First  appropriation,  1866.  Between  the  mouth  of  Fox  River  and  deep  water  in  Green  Bay 
there  formerly  existed  a  very  circuitous  channel  of  about  4  miles,  carrying  about  10  feet  of  water. 
There  is  now  a  nearly  straight  channel  about  2  miles  long,  200  feet  wide,  and  L'J  feet  deep  for 
about  half  of  its  width,  permitting  the  entrance  of  ordinary-sized  vessels  into  the  inner  harbor, 
and  the  exportation  of  large  quantities  of  agricultural  and  forest  products,  and  the  importation  of 
considerable  general  merchandise. 

This  improvement  is  also  the  connecting  link  between  the  Fox  or  Wiscon  sin  rivers  and  the 
Lakes  which  form  one  of  the  subdivisions  of  transportation  routes  between  the  Mississippi  River 
and  the  seaboard. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $20,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $7,091  82 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 739  91 

7,831  73 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12, 168  27 

HARBOR  OF  REFUGE  AT  THE  ENTRANCE  TO  STURGEON  BAY  CANAL,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  223.) 

This  is  a  construction  to  cover  and  protect  the  entrance  to  the  canal  from  Lake  Michigan. 
The  first  appropriation  was  made  in  1873.  The  deep  water  in  the  canal  has  been  connected  with 
that  in  the  lake  by  a  channel  about  75  feet  wide,  having  a  depth  of  14  feet  at  low  water  and  pro- 
tected by  converging  piers. 

The  work  of  construction  is  nearly  completed. 

The  canal  shortens  the  distance  between  Lake  Michigan  and  Green  Bay  about  100  miles,  and 
benefits  a  large  part  of  the  commerce  of  Green  Bay. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $22  47 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20, 000  00 

20,022  47 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  18r2 $9,029  12 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,634  75 

11,663  87 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,358  60 

AHNEPEE  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  217.) 

This  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1871.    The  entrance  to  the  river  was 
from  4  to  8  feet  deep.    The  deep  water  in  the  lake  is  now  connected  with  the  river  mouth  by  a 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      89 

channel  about  50  feet  wide  and  9  feet  deep  at  low  water,  protected  by  two  piers.  Between  the 
mouth  of  the  river  and  the  deep  water  above,  a  channel  100  feet  wide  has  been  nearly  completed 
through  the  rocky  bed  of  the  river  to  a  depth  of  about  10  feet  at  low  water. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  to  admit  the  entrance  of  vessels  to  the  inner  harbor,  fur- 
nishing an  inlet  for  supplies,  and  an  outlet  for  tlie  forest  and  agricultural  produce  of  the  vicinity. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $5, 271  75 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 12, 000  00 

17,271  75 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 17, 145  98 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 125  77 

KEWAUNEE   HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  220.) 

Work  for  the  improvement  of  this  harbor  was  commenced  in  1881.  In  front  of  the  natural 
mouth  of  the  river  there  is  a  bowlder  bar,  extending  2,000  feet  into  the  lake,  with  only  1£  feetwater. 

The  work  so  far  has  been  confined  to  the  construction  of  625  linear  feet  of  pier. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  will  be  the  improvement  of  a  channel  connecting  deep  water  of  the 
inner  harbor  with  the  deep  water  of  the  lake. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,870  27 

Miscellaneous  receipts   14  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 12, 000  00 

14,  884  27 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $5,724  75 

July- 1,  18;3,  outstanding  liabilities 178  32 

5,903  07 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,981  20 

TWO  RIVERS  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  223.) 

Operations  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1871,  at  which  time  the  bar  off  the  mouth  of  the 
river  had  a  depth  of  about  4  feet.  The  deep  water  in  the  harbor  is  now  connected  with  the  deep 
water  in  the  lake  by  a  channel  100  feet  wide,  with  over  8  feet  depth  of  water,  and  including  an 
11-foot  channel  5(>  feet  wide.  The  channel  is  protected  by  two  parallel  piers. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  furnishing  an  inlet  for  considerable  manufactured  lumber 
and  an  outlet  for  the  manufactures  and  agricultural  products  of  the  vicinity. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $17  36 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,  000  00 

15,017  36 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882.. 10,025  80 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available : 4,991  56 

MANITOWOC   HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  220.) 

A  small  appropriation  was  made  for  this  harbor  in  1852.  In  1866  work  was  resumed,  at  which 
time  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  had  a  depth  of  about  4  feet.  The  deep  water  in  the  inner 
harbor  is  now  connected  with  the  deep  water  in  the  lake  by  a  channel  about  150  feet  wide  and  14 
feet  deep,  protected  by  two  parallel  crib-piers.  The  improvement  admits  the  entrance  of  the 
heaviest  draught  of  lake  vessels.  A  benefit  to  the  general  commerce  has  also  resulted  from  the 
harbor  of  refuge  which  is  afforded  at  this  point. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $30  33 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

10,030  33 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $7,473  03 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 49  15 

7.522  18 


July  1,1833,  amount  available 2,508  15 

SHEBOYGAN  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  222.) 

An  appropriation  was  made  in  1852  for  this  harbor,  and  an  allotment  of  $10,000  in  1864.  In 
the  interval  between  the  first  appropriation  and  1866  the  authorities  of  Sheboygan  built  crib-piers 
extending  to  about  10  feet  water  in  the  lake.  The  work  since  executed  has  been  an  extension  of 
the  Sheboygan  work.  In  its  natural  condition  there  was  a  bar  directly  in  front  of  the  river  mouth, 
with  but  about  4  feet  water.  The  deep  water  in  the  harbor  is  now  connected  with  that  in  the  lake 
H.  Ex.  64 12 


90      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

by  a  channel  about  150  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep  at  low  water,  furnishing  an  inlet  for  a  large 
amount  of  general  merchandise,  and  an  outlet  for  the  manufactures  and  agricultural  products  of 
the  vicinity. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 ...   $30.  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $10,951  76 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,416  63 

15,368  39 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,631  61 

PORT  WASHINGTON  HARBOR  (OZAUKEE),  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  221.) 

First  appropriation,  1870.  In  its  natural  condition  the  river  was  about  50  feet  wide  at  its 
mouth,  with  a  depth  of  about  2  feet,  and  less  than  1  foot  a  short  distance  above  the  mouth.  The 
improvement  has  been  the  construction  of  two  interior  artificial  basins  with  an  area  of  about  of 
acres,  having  a  depth  of  8  to  12  feet.  The  deep  water  in  the  lake  is  connected  with  these  basins 
by  a  10-foot  channel  about  75  feet  wide,  protected  by  two  parallel  crib  piers. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  the  creation  of  an  artificial  harbor  and  entrance  from  the 
lake,  furnishing  an  inlet  to  general  merchandise  and  an  outlet  to  the  manufactures  and  agricult- 
ural products  of  the  vicinity. 

Miscellaneous  receipts $20  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 17, 000  00 


17,020  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $14,467  37 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,469  68 

16,937  05 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 82  95 

HARBOR  OF  REFUGE,  MILWAUKEE  BAT,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  221.) 

This  work,  commenced  in  1881,  is  not  yet  sufficiently  advanced  to  answer  the  requirements  of 
a  harbor  of  refuge,  although  it  now  affords  considerable  protection  from  northeasterly  storms. 

The  additional  security  to  navigation  which  will  be  afforded  by  this  harbor  extends  to  the 
greater  portion  of  the  commerce  of  the  great  lakes,  aud  to  the  entire  commerce  of  Lake  Michigan. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $42, 759  90 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 100, 000  00 


142,759  90 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1«82 $49.634  17 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2, 380  88 

. 52, 015  05 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 90,744  85 

MILWAUKEE  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  220.) 

First  appropriation  for  improvement,  1843,  and  appropriations  made  between  the  years  1843 
and  1853.  Expenditures  by  the  city  of  Milwaukee  from  1855  to  1870,  $445,971. 

Work  resumed  by  the  United  States  with  the  appropriation  of  1864. 

The  original  depth  of  water  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  before  improvement  was  at  times 
not  more  than  3£  feet.  There  is  now  a  channel  of  100  feet  in  width  and  18  feet  in  depth  for  the 
whole  length  of  the  entrance  piers. 

COMMERCE. 

In  1882 : 

Arrivals 5,596 

Tonnage ....  2,862,673 

Departures 5,624 

Tonnage 2,908,593 

In  1866: 

Arrivals 3,761 

Departures 3,687 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,107  95 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,000  00 

15, 107  95 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabili- 
ties July  1,  1882 979  32 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,128  63 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      91 

RACINE  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  221.) 

Appropriations  were  made  for  this  harbor  in  1844  and  1852.  Work  resumed  with  appropriation 
of  1864.  Two  hundred  and  twenty  linear  feet  of  crib-pier  work  were  built  by  citizens  of  Racine  in 
1856-'57. 

The  original  depth  of  water  over  the  bar  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  before  improvement 
was  not  more  than  16  to  18  inches.  In  June  last  vessels  drawing  13£  feet  could  enter  the  harbor 
without  difficulty. 

COMMERCE. 
In  1882 : 

Arrivals 1, 504 

Tonnage 548,758 

Departures 1, 505 

Tonnage 548.735 

Iii  1867  532  arrivals  and  560  departures  of  sailing  vessels  alone ;  42  steamers  (with  freight) 
arrived  and  cleared. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,133  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 7,000  00 

8,133  18 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 1,245  39 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 6,887  79 

KENOSHA  (SOUTHPORT)  HARBOR,  WISCONSIN. 

(Page  219.) 

First  appropriation,  1844 — none  between  1852  and  1866,  when  work  was  resumed.  Some 
dredging  in  the  channel  and  some  pier-work  was  done  by  private  parties. 

Before  improvement  the  outlet  was  frequently  obstructed  by  bars,  but  at  times  the  discharge  of 
the  river  would  keep  a  passage  open,  for  a  few  days,  from  2  to  4  feet  deep. 

In  June  last  vessels  drawing  not  more  than  11  feet  could  enter  the  harbor. 

COMMERCE. 

In  1882 : 

Arrivals 192 

Tonnage 27,161 

Departures 188 

Tonnage 26,456 

In  1866 : 

Arrivals 114 

Departures 121 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $878  93 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6, 000  00 

6, 878  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 ' 4,537  68 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,341  25 

WAUKEGAN  HARBOR,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  137.) 

There  is  as  yet  no  available  harbor  at  this  point.  The  improvement  was  commenced  with  the 
appropriation  of  1881,  but  has  not  sufficiently  advanced  to  be  of  any  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $12,990  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20, 000  00 

32, 990  53 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 24,312  32 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,678  21 

IMPROVEMENT  OF  FOX  AND  WISCONSIN  RIVERS. 

(Page  218.) 

First  appropriation  for  improvement  1867. 

Thus  far  the  benefits  to  commerce  from  expenditures  made  have  been  local.  On  Fox  River 
from  Portage  to  Green  Bay,  160  miles!,  and  on  the  Wisconsin  from  Portage  to  Sank,  29  miles,  the 
improvements  have  met  all  the  demands  of  local  commerce,  so  as  to  give  a  depth  of  5  feet  on  the  Lower 
Fox  from  Lake  Winnebago  to  Green  Bay,  and  on  the  Upper  Fox  3  feet  to  Portage  City.  During 
the  past  season  the  channel  of  the  Wisconsin  has  been  improved  so  as  to  give  a  navigable  channel 
of  4  feet  fur  10  miles  below  Portage. 

Before  improvement,  through  navigation  was  impracticable  on  the  Upper  Fox  at  low  water,  and 
the  portion  of  the  Wisconsin,  which  has  been  improved,  was  in  the  same  condition. 

The  anticipated  benefit  to  commerce  cannot  be  stated  until  the  work  is  so  advanced  as  to  give 
a  permanent  through  navigable  channel. 


92   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

Commerce.— The  amount  of  tolls  collected  from  September  1, 1877,  to  July  31, 1882,  was  $12,002, 
Bsenting  a  single  lockage  of  2,400,426  tons  passing  through. 


representing 


July  1,  I.--'.',  a n H unit  available $47,354  10 

Tolls  received  and  deposited  to  credit  of  appropriation 625  00 

Fuel  sold  to  oltieers  deposited  to  credit  of  appropriation 178  75 

Amount  appropriated  l>y  act  passed  August  2,  18P2 200,000  00 


248,157  85 

July  1,  IHKi,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 113,390  78 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 134,767  07 

CHICAGO  HARBOR,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  136.) 

The  first  appropriation,  made  in  1833,  was  expended  in  opening  a  straight  outlet  from  the  river 
into  the  lake,  and  commencing  the  pier  work,  since  which  the  harbor  has  gradually  been  extended 
to  its  present  proportions.  The  benefit  to  commerce  cannot  be  justly  estimated,  as  between  the 
time  of  the  first  appropriation  and  the  present,  Chicago  has  grown  from  a  village  to  a  city  of 
upwards  of  600,000  inhabitants. 

The  improvements  in  progress,  when  completed,  will  afford  an  outer  harbor  for  vessels  seeking 
the  port,  and  the  breakwater  a  safe  protection  to  all  vessels  driven  to  this  end  of  the  lake  under 
stress  of  weather. 

Number  of  vessels  entered  during  the  last  year,  12,186 ;  cleared,  12.340. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $41,852  55 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passedAngust  '2, 1882 200,000  00 

241,852  55 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $130,843 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 65, 357 

196,201  15 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 45,651  40 

HARBOR  AT  CALUMET,  ILLINOIS. 

(Page  135.1 

First  appropriation  1870,  at  which  time  the  outlet  of  the  river  had  been  closed  for  many  years 
by  a  bar  visible  above  the  lake  level  at  certain  stages.  There  is  now  a  good  entrance  with  15  feet 
water  iu  the  channel  and  a  depth  of  not  less  than  12£  feet  in  the  harbor. 

Extensive  establishments  are  constantly  locating  at  this  point,  attracted  by  the  harbor  and 
railroad  facilities.  It  is  destined  to  become  the  center  of  vast  commercial  industries. 

Vessels  entered  during  the  last  year,  537 ;  cleared,  532. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,013  45 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35, 000  00 

36,013  45 
Julv  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $5,354  34 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 24,286  73 

29, 641  07 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 6,372  38 

ILLINOIS  RIVER. 

(Page  137.) 

The  first  appropriation  in  1852  was  applied  to  dredging  channels  through  bars.  The  work  of 
improvement  was  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1869 — previous  appropriations  having  been 
applied  to  surveys — and  has  resulted  iu  giving  a  navigable  depth  of  4  feet  over  numerous  bars. 
The  natural  channel  was  narrow  and  crooked,  with  not  more  than  18  inches  depth  iu  the  shoalest 
places,  and  frequently  obstructed  by  dangerous  snags,  the  removal  of  which,  together  with  the 
construction  of  several  miles  of  dikes  and  jetties  for  the  maintenance  of  the  deepened  channels, 
have  essentially  promoted  the  safe  navigation  of  the  river  and  the  commercial  interests  of 
that  section. 

The  completion  of  the  lock  foundation  at  Copperas  Creek,  and  the  commencement  of  locks  at 
La  Grange  and  Kampsville,  are  a  part  of  the  slack  water  system  adopted  and  designed  to  secure 
still  larger  facilities  of  a  more  permanent  character. 

The  present  improvement,  when  completed,  will  afford  a  through  water  communication  from 
the  Mississippi  to  Lake  Michigan. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $281,319  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 175, 000  00 

456, 319  53 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $150,685  23 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 15,120  12 

165,805  35 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 290,514  18 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.       93 

MICHIGAN  CITY,  INDIANA. 

(Page  137  ) 

Appropriations  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1836  and  1852.  The  work  ultimately 
went  to  decay  for  want  of  funds  for  its  preservation,  and  was  abandoned.  A  private  company, 
organized  in  J864,  expended  $100,000  in  pier  work  and  gent  ral  improvement.  The  United  States 
resumed  work  with  the  appropriation  of  1806.  The.  improvement  since  made  has  been  such  that 
the  commerce  of  the  port  has  increased  fivefold.  The  largest  class  of  lake  vessels  can  now  enter 
the  harbor  at  all  times.  Receipts  during  1882  are  reported  at  not  less  than  $4,000,000. 

Outer  harbor  : 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $1,011  50 

Amount  appropriated  by  net  passed  August  2, 1882 60,000  00 


61,011  50 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $35,007  53 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,536  52 

41,544  05 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 19, 467  45 


Inner  harbor : 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $406  06 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 : 20, 000  00 


20,406  06 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 ,. $9,905  31 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities , 1,192  20 

11,097  51 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 9,308  55 

NEW  BUFFALO  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  164.) 

First  appropriation,  1852.  A  Board  of  Engineers  recommended,  in  1868,  the  abandonment  of 
the  harbor  owing  to  the  want  of  local  commerce  and  the  decay  of  business.  But  the  appropriation 
of  1866  being  considered  mandatory,  work  was  resumed  upon  the  harbor.  Since  1872  expenditures 
have  been  confined  to  repairs.  The.  appropriation  of  18*2  is  held  under  advisement. 

To  comply  with  a  resolution  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  February,  1882,  a  survey  was 
made  and  estimates  submitted  for  a  harbor  of  refuge  here. 

The  place  is  of  no  commercial  importance,  but  the  locality  well  suited  for  a  harbor  of  refuge. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,  000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,000  00 

CHARLEVOIX  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  159.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  The  average  width  of  the  original  channel  of  entrance  was  75 
feet,  the  depth  varied  from  2  to  6  feet.  There  is  now  a  channel  90  feet  wide  with  a  central 
depth  of  12  feet. 

Vessels  entered  and  cleared  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  670. 

The  principal  traffic  is  in  products  of  the  forest. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $89  17 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,  000  00 


10,089  17 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $655  90 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,567  87 

5,223  77 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,865  40 

FRANKFORT  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  160.) 

First  appropriation,  1866  (Aux  Bee  Scies).  The  original  outlet,  which  is  now  closed,  had  a 
depth  of  3  to  4  feet.  There  is  now  a  different  outlet  with  a  channel  200  feet  wide,  having  a  central 
depth  of  12  feet. 

Vessels  entered  and  cleared  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  587. 

t  July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,176  36 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 15,000  00 


16, 176  36 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,644  97 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,110  58 

10,  755  55 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 5,420  81 


94      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

HARBOR  OF  REFUGE  AT  PORTAGE  LAKE,  MICHIGAN. 

(rage  165.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  No  natural  channel  existed  before  the  improvement  was  begun. 
The  amount  expended  to  date  has  resulted  in  a  channel  P>  feet  deep  and  about  200  feet  wide.  The 
project  adopted  is  for  a  channel  of  18  feet  depth. 

This  harbor  is  located  at  about  the  middle  of  a  dangerous  line  of  coast  with  no  adequate 
harbor  of  refuge  on  either  side  for  a  distance  of  75  miles. 

When  completed  it  will  bo  of  great  value  to  the  general  commerce  of  the  lakes. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $315  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25, 000  00 

25,315  84 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  tiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $10, 846  88 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,355  13 

15,202  01 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 10,113  83 

MANISTEE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  16-3.) 

First  appropriation,  1867.  Before  improvement  by  the  United  States  a  narrow  channel  of 
not  more  than  8  feet  depth  had  been  made  by  local  enterprise.  The  amount  expended  to  date 
has  resulted  in  a  channel  170  feet  wide  and  from  12  to  14  feet  deep. 

The  harbor  is  usually  open  to  navigation  during  the  whole  year,  the  current  of  the  river  being 
sufficient  to  keep  it  clear  of  floating  ice. 

It  is  the  terminus  of  a  branch  of  the  Flint  and  I'ere  Marquette  Railroad,  and  is  used  by  the 
largest  class  of  steam  and  sail  vessels.  Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared  in  year  ending 
June  30,  1882,  3,427. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available S3, 583  46 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,  000  00 


18,583  46 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 '. $3,322  32 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 950  41 

4,272  73 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14.310  73 

LUDINGTON  (PERE  MARQUETTE)  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  162.) 

First  appropriation,  1867.  Before  improvement  by  the  United  States  a  narrow  channel  of 
about  7  feet  depth  had  been  made  by  private  enterprise.  There  is  now  a  channel  200  feet  wide 
between  the  piers  with  a  central  depth  of  11|  feet. 

This  is  the  terminus  of  the  Flint  and  Pere  Marquette  Railroad,  which  has  a  daily  line  of 
steamers  running  from  Ludington  to  Milwaukee. 

Navigation  is  usually  maintained  throughout  the  year,  and  it  is  one  of  the  largest  lumber- 
producing  centers  in  the  Northwest. 

Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared  in  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  2,206. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,263  84 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  Ifc82 12,000  00 

13,263  84 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  tiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,301  56 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 879  23 

7, 180  79 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 6,083  05 

PENTWATER  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  164.) 

First  appropriation,  1867.  Before  improvement  the  channel  of  entrance  was  narrow  with  a 
depth  of  about  4  feet,  The  width  of  channel  between  the  piers  is  now  150  feet,  with  an  available 
depth  of  9  feet. 

Pentwater  contains  about  1,200  inhabitants,  and  is  the  terminus  of  the  Chicago  and  West 
Michigan  Railroad.  Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared,  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  597. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $50  23 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

10, 050  23 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882..  3,19976 

July  1,1883,  amount  available..: : 6,850  47 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      95 

WHITE  RIVER  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  168.) 

First  appropriation,  1869.  The  original  channel  of  entrance  was  narrow  and  crooked,  with  a 
depth  of  about  5  feet.  A  new  channel  lus  been  opened  in  a  straight  cut  from  White  Lake  to  Lake 
Michigan,  having  now  a  depth  of  8  feet,  which  will  ultimately  be  increased  to  12  feet. 

The  lumber  trade  of  this  port  is  quite  large,  and  on  three  occasions  during  the  past  six  years 
private  parties  have  dredged  the  entrance  to  make  it  passable  for  vessels  drawing  9  feet. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $105  55 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 12, 000  00 

12, 105  55 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3,906  87 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 549  52 

4,456  39 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,649  16 

MUSKEGDN  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  163.) 

First  appropriation,  18C7.  The  original  channel  had  been  irregularly  defined  by  slab  piers, 
which  gave  fair  access,  but  the  navigation  was  limited  to  7  feet  depth  by  a  bar  at  the  end  of  the 
piers.  The  depth  of  water  is  now  from  15  to  18  feet,  and  the  distance  between  the  piers  is  being 
increased  to  300  feet.  This  is  an  important  harbor;  it  has  the  heaviest  lumber-trade,  and  is  con- 
stantly used  by  a  large  class  of  steam  and  sail  vessels. 

Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared  year  ending  June  30, 1882,  6,689. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6, 891  13 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,000  00 

31,891  13 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 .' $13,157  27 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 10,249  68 

23, 406  95 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,484  18 

GRAND  HAVEN  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  160.) 

The  natural  outlet  was  wide,  with  a  depth  of  9  feet.  A  small  appropriation  was  made  in  1852 
for  its  preservation.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1866.  There 
is  now  a  width  of  way  between  the  piers  of  -100  feet,  with  a  depth  of  water  at  entrance  of  18  to 
23  feet. 

Lines  of  steamers  ply  in  connection  with  the  railroads  between  this  port  and  Chicago  and 
Milwaukee,  and  transfer  business  is  continued  throughout  the  year. 

The  harbor  is  sought  by  vessels  of  all  classes  during  heavy  weather. 

Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  3,409. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $41,779  18 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,000  00 

81,779  18 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $62,455  29 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,445  14 

'• 66,900  43 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 14,  H78  75 

GRAND   RIVER,  BELOW   GRAND   RAPIDS,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  161.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  object  of  this  improvement  is  to  secure  a  depth  of  4  feet  at  low 
water  from  Grand  Rapids  to  the  mouth  of  the  river.  The  work  so  far  accomplished  has  been  the 
making  of  a  narrow  channel  of  the  required  depth  through  two  shoals  below  Grand  Rapids. 

The  work  has  proved  so  heavy  that  its  cost  will  be  far  in  excess  of  the  original  estimate. 

The  trade  is  carried  on  by  a  few  light-draught  steamers  only. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,363  30 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 


17,363  30 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $5,881  54 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,016  54 

6, 898  08 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 10,465  22 


96      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

BLACK   LAKE   HARBOK,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  158.) 

First  appropriation  of  1852  was  expended  in  preparations  for  opening  a  new  outlet  into  Lake 
Michigan,  and  about  the  year  18(50  private  parties  made  an  opening  at  a  cost  of  $30,000.  The 
improvement  was  continued  by  the  United  States  with  the  appropriation  of  18(56  and  subsequent 
ones;  at  that  time  the  depth  of  water  at  the  entrance  was  f>£  feet.  It  has  now  a  central  depth  of 
9  to  10  feet. 

The  trade  of  the  place  has  become  local  and  small. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $136  75 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 .« 10,000  00 


10, 136  75 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 1,22780 


July  1,  1883,  amouut  available 8, 908  95 

• 

SAUGATUCK  HARBOR  (MOUTH   OF   KALAMAZOO),   MICHIGAN. 

(Page  167.) 

The  first  work  done  by  the  United  States  was  with  an  allotment  from  the  appropriation  of 
1868 ;  previous  to  which,  private  parties  had  expended  $30,000  in  well  constructed  slab  piers  to 
confine  the  current  to  a  width  of  about  160  feet.  The  depth  of  water  in  1869,  about  12  feet  at  the 
entrance;  the  present  depth  is  10  feet.  All  the  old  work  has  been  rebuilt  by  the  United  States. 

The  commerce  of  the  place  is  local  and  nas  greatly  fallen  off. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $161  25 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  8, 000  00 


8, 161  25 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $1,005  28 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities  107  50 

-    1, 112  78 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7, 048  47 

SOUTH  HAVEN  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  168.) 


to 

feet. 

feet.    The  central  depth  between  the  piers  is  now  from  10  to  13  feet. 

This  is  now  the  terminusof  a  branch  of  the  Michigan  Central  Railroad,  with  a  line  of  pro- 
pellers plying  to  Chicago. 

Number  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared,  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  508. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,933  65 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 


11,933  65 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $6,037  06 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,211  69 

8,248  75 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,684  90 

SAINT    JOSEPH'S    HARBOR    AND    CHANNEL    LEADING    TO    BENTON    HARBOR. 

MICHIGAN. 

(Page  166.) 

Appropriations  made  at  intervals,  for  Saint  Joseph,  between  1836  and  1852.  Work  resumed 
in  1864  in  continuation  of  plan  originally  adopted.  Before  improvement  the  river  had  its  outlet 
to  the  southward  of  the  present  entrance,  which  has  now  a  depth  of  13  to  19  feet.  The  Beuton 
Canal  has  been  deepened  and  partly  revetted. 

The  trade  of  the  two  ports  is  large  and  rapidly  increasing.  The  improvements  thus  far  made 
are  regarded  by  those  interested  as  very  satisfactory. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $407  22 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  18a2 12, 000  00 

12,407  22 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 3,802  46 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 8,604  76 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR   RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      97 

SAINT   MARY'S   FALLS   CANAL  AND  SAINT   MARY'S   RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  167.) 

The  canal  was  originally  built  by  the  State  of  Michigan  from  a  laud  grant  by  the  United 
States,  and  opened  in  1855.  It  admitted  the  passage  of  boats  of  not  more  than  11  feet  draught, 
and  tolls  were  exacted  from  all  except  United  States  vessels. 

By  the  construction  of  a  new  and  larger  canal,  as  also  by  the  deepening  of  the  channel 
through  the  shoals  in  Saint  Mary's  River  above  and  below  the  falls,  vessels  drawing  1C  feet,  the 
largest  on  the  lakes,  now  pass  between  Lake  Huron  and  Lake  Superior,  and  the  canal  is  free  from 
tolls. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $74,054  66 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $70,597  19 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 332  31 

70,929  50     • 


July  1,-1883,  amount  available 3,1:25  16 

HAY  LAKE   CHANNEL  OF  SAINT  MARY'S  RIVER,   MICHIGAN. 

(Page — .) 

A  new  work.  First  appropriation,  August  2,  1882.  The  opening  of  this  channel  will  shorten 
navigation  15  miles  in  35,  aud  will  admit  the  passage  of  vessels  drawing  16  feet,  at  night  as  well 
as  day. 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel $39  38 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 200,  OdO  00 

200, 039  38 

Jnly  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $10, 273  33 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 3,449  03 

13,72241 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available ;.     186,316  97 

CHEBOYGAN  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  159.) 

In  1871,  before  improvement,  the  depth  at  the  entrance  to  this  harbor  was  6  feet,  and  in  the 
river  8  feet. 

There  is  now,  as  the  resulting  benefit  to  commerce,  an  available  depth  of  12  feet  in  both. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available   $269  42 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel 3  00 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 


10,272  42 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $10,031  40 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 120  00 

10,151  40 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 121  02 

THUNDER  BAY  HARBOR  (ALPENA),  MICHIGAN. 
(Page  158.) 

There  was  originally  a  depth  of  only  7  feet  over  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river,  which  was 
increased  to  12  feet  by  private  parties.  At  this  time  the  depth  is  10  feet.  The  act  of  August  2, 
1882,  appropriates  $15,000  for  increasing  the  depth  to  14  feet. 

Very  little  benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  the  small  amount  previously  appropriated. 

Jnly  1,  1882,  amount  available    $109  52 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 15,000  00 

15, 109  52 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 '....'. $2,844  74 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,597  20 

4,441  94 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available   10,667  58 

H.  Ex.  64 13 


98      APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

AU  SABLE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  158.) 

Ill  1867,  before  improvement,  the  depth  of  water  ou  the  bar  was  4£  feet,  and  in  the  harbor  4 
feet.  It  is  now  7  feet  ou  the  bar,  and  8  in  the  harbor. 

But  little  benefit  to  commerce  has  resulted  from  the  improvements  at  this  locality,  owing  to 
the  constant  re-formation  of  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available   $60  95 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 5,000  00 


5,060  95 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 u;o  40 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,900  55 

SAGINAW  RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  165.) 

In  1866,  before  improvement,  there  was  a  navigable  channel  of  8  feet  over  the  bar  at  the 
mouth  of  the  river.  It  is  now  12  feet,  with  a  least  width  of  75  feet.  In  the  river  above  Bay  City 
the  improvements  have  allowed  vessels  drawing  10  feet  to  reach  East  Saginaw,  where  before  not 
more  than  8  feet  existed.  The  work  in  progress  is  designed  to  increase  the  navigable  capacity  to 
12  feet,  with  a  corresponding  benefit  to  commerce. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,517  23 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel 10  50 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 125, 000  00 


127,527  73 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $4,030  35 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 7,203  19 

—    11,233  54 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 116,294  19 

SEBEWAING  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  168.) 

The  first  appropriation  for  this  harbor  was  made  in  1875.  The  navigable  capacity  of  the 
channel  from  Saginaw  Bay  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  has  been  increased  from  3  feet  to  6  feet  in 
depth,  to  the  benefit  of  local  commerce. 

The  general  commerce  of  the  lakes  has  not  been  benefited  by  this  improvement,  owing  to  its 
limited  extent. 

HARBOR  OF  REFUGE,  SAND  BEACH,  LAKE  HURON,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  161.) 

This  work  was  begun  in  1871.  There  is  now,  where  no  harbor  previously  existed,  a  sheltered 
area,  easy  of  access,  covering  160  acres,  over  which  there  is  a  navigable  depth  of  18  feet  and  more, 
or  300  acres,  with  a  depth  of  not  less  than  12  feet,  forming  a  harbor  of  refuge  to  vessels  during 
storms  on  a  coast  which,  for  138  miles,  had  no  harbor. 

Five  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ten  vessels,  aggregating  1,641,306  tons,  have  sought  refuge 
here  from  storms  since  1877. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $48,381  14 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel , , 174  37 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 75, 000  00 

123,555  51 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 |69,034  76 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 7,959  05 

76,993  81 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 46,561  70 

SAINT  CLAIR  RIVER,  AT  PORT  HURON,  MOUTH  OF  BLACK  RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  165.) 

The  navigable  capacity  of  this  locality  was,  in  1872,  before  improvement,  only  10  feet  depth  j 
it  is  now  15  feet. 

The  benefit  to  the  general  commerce  of  the  lakes  has  been  a  free  access  to  the  water  front  of 
Port  Huron,  and"  to  allow  vessels  under  15-feet  draught  to  navigate  the  river  without  crossing  to 
the  Canada  shore,  and  the  removal  of  a  dangerous  shoal  in  the  river. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.      99 

PINE  RIVER,  AT  ITS  JUNCTION  WITH  SAINT  GLAIR  RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  165.) 

The  navigable  capacity,  from  the  entrance  to  the  river  for  4,000  feet  up-stream,  has  been 
increased  from  9  feet  before  improvement,  in  1875,  to  12  feet,  and  for  the  further  distance  of  a  mile 
from  7  to  9  feet. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  to  allow  the  direct  shipment  of  largo  quantities  of  bricks 
made  on  the  banks  of  Piue  River,  that  had  formerly  to  be  hauled  by  land  to  the  Saint  Clair  River 
for  shipment. 

ICE-HARBOR,  BELLE  RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  158.) 

This  improvement,  begun  in  1880,  is  still  unfinished  and  is  designed  as  a  secure  harbor  for 
vessels  during  winter,  and  from  the  danger  of  being  crushed  by  the  breaking  up  of  the  ice  in  the 
spring. 

During  the  present  winter  it  has  already  been  filled  with  vessels  laid  up  for  the  season  as  far 
as  its  present  capacity  would  admit. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $180  67 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel 25  13 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  Augusts,  1882 5,000  00 

5,205  80 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 5,085  04 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 120  76 

SAINT  CLAIR  FLATS  SHIP-CANAL. 

(Page  165.) 

Before  the  present  improvement,  in  1866,  the  depth  of  water  in  this  locality  was  scarcely  suffi- 
cient for  the  passage  of  vessels  drawing  10  feet,  and  the  channel  was  narrow,  crooked,  and  difficult 
of  navigation.  There  is  now  a  straight  channel  200  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep,  or  300  feet  wide 
and  13  feet  deep,  with  a  saving  of  distance  of  more  than  a  mile  over  the  route. 

The  whole  commerce  of  the  lakes  has  been  benefited  by  this  important  cut-off  in  the  great 
thoroughfare  from  Lake  Erie  to  Lake  Huron. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,173  38 

Amount  allotted  for  operating  and  care 5,000  00 

6, 173  38 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $5,110  37 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 558  50 

5, 668  87 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 504  51 

CLINTON  RIVER,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  159.) 

First  appropriation;  August  30,  1852,  but  the  present  improvement  dates  from  1870,  owing  to 
the  deterioration  of  the  work  left  unfinished  for  want  of  appropriation  between  those  dates. 

There  is  now  a  good  channel  of  8  feet  across  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river,  where  before 
improvement  it  was  but  2£  feet. 

The  benefits  to  commerce  from  the  improvement  are  local  and  unimportant. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $502  34 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel 39  38 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6,000  00 


6,542  22 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $5,969  93 

Julv  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 150  00 

6, 119  93 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 422  29 

DETROIT  RIVER  AT  LIME-KILN  CROSSING,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  159.) 

This  work,  commenced  in  1876,  is  still  in  progress.    The  present  channel  admits  of  vessels 
drawing  14  feet.    The  improvement  is  designed  to  increase  the  depth  to  18  feet. 
The  commerce  of  the  entire  chaiu  of  lakes  will  be  benefited  by  this  work. 


100   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES   FOR  RIVERS  AND   HARBORS. 

The  improved  channel  lies  entirely  in  American  waters  and  forms  the  boundary  between  the 
United  States  and  Canada. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $1,016  27 

Received  from  sale  of  fuel 13  12 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 60,000  00 


61,029  39 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 836,991  58 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 16,520  25 

53,511  83 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7.517  56 

MONROE  HARBOR,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  163.) 

In  1835,  before  improvement,  the  approach  to  the  town  of  Monroe  was  through  a  narrow  and 
crooked  channel,  from  Lake  Erie  through  La  Plaisance  Bay,  with  a  least  depth  of  6  feet.  There 
is  now  a  straight  channel  of  100  feet  width  with  a  least  depth  of  9J  feet. 

When  this  improvement  was  commenced  Monroe  was  a  place  of  much  importance.  Its  com- 
merce has  declined.  But  twenty-eight  vessels  entered  and  cleared  in  1881. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $16  45 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 1, 000  00 

1, 016  45 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 522  06 


July  1,  1383,  amount  available 494  39 

LA  PLAISANCE  BAY,  MICHIGAN. 

(Page  161.) 

The  appropriations  made  between  the  years  1827  and  1836  were  applied  to  the  construction 
and  maintenance  of  a  pier  at  the  entrance  to  this  bay.  For  want  of  subsequent  appropriation,  and 
in  consequence  of  the  decline  of  the  commerce  of  Monroe,  as  well  as  the  construction  of  a  new 
channel,  this  pier  was  permitted  to  go  to  decay. 

TOLEDO  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  198.) 

In  1866,  before  improvement,  the  approach  from  the  lake  through  Maumee  Bay  was  by  an 
intricate  and  narrow  channel  with  a  least  depth  of  11  feet.  There  is  now  a  dredged  channel  7£ 
miles  long,  from  15  to  17  feet  deep,  having  a  least  width  of  200  feet. 

The  amount  of  commerce  is  large  and  constantly  increasing.  Value  of  exports  in  1881, 
$1,782,842.  Vessels  entered  and  cleared,  4,532. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $22,669  17 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 50,000  00 

72,669  17 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $28,941  44 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 908  55 

29,849  99 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 42k«19  18 

PORT  CLINTON  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  197.) 

Before  improvement,  in  1866,  the  channel  of  entrance  was  narrow,  with  a  least  depth  of  5  feet. 
There  is  now  a  depth  of  9  feet  on  the  outer  bar  and  between  the  piers. 

The  amount  of  commerce  to  be  benefited  by  this  improvement  has  been  diminishing  since  1869. 
In  1881  thirty-one  vessels  cleared. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $824  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 6, 000  00 

6,824  53 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 829  36 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 5, 995  17 

SANDUSKY  CITY  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  198.) 

Appropriations  were  made  for  this  locality  in  1826,  1844,  and  1852.  In  1866,  before  the 
present  improvement,  the  depth  of  water  on  the  bar  at  the  entrance  to  Sandusky  Bay  was  10 
feet.  There  is  now  a  channel  through  the  bar  200  feet  wide  and  14  feet  deep.  Through  the  bay 
the  channel  is  200  feet  wide  and  15  feet  deep. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.  101 

This  is  the  lake  terminus  of  several  important  railroads.    The  commerce  has  become  large  and 
is  rapidly  increasing.    In  1881,  value  of  imports,  $2,512,503 ;  vessels  entered^  925. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available SI, 201  52 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10, 000  00 

11,201  52 
Jnly  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  lefS $7, 173  51 

July  1,  1883.  outstanding  liabilities 651  42 

7, 824  93 


Jnly  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,276  59 

SANDUSKT  RIVER,  OHIO. 

(Page  198.) 

In  1867,  before  improvement,  the  river  was  obstructed  by  bars  having  a  least  depth  of  5  feet. 
There  is  now  a  good  channel  with  a  least  depth  of  9  feet  from  Fremont  to  Saudusky  Bay. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  this  increase  of  depth.  The  value  of  the  trade  to  Fremont 
is  not  known. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $20  78 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 4, 000  00 

4,020  78 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 3,392  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 628  47 

HURON  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  196.) 

Appropriations  were  made  for  this  locality  at  intervals  between  the  years  1826  and  1852,  and 
since  I860.  Before  improvement  the  river  was  entirely  closed  to  commerce  by  a  bar  at  its  mouth. 
There  is  now  a  channel  140  feet  wide  and  15  feet  deep  through  the  bar;  15  feet  deep  between  the 
piers,  and  18  feet  deep  in  the  river. 

The  commerce  of  this  place  is  at  present  small,  with  good  prospects  of  revival  from  the 
completion  of  the  Wheeling  and  Lake  Erie  Railroad,  of  which  this  is  the  terminus,  and  by  which 
extensive  slips  and  docks  are  being  built  here. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $2,231  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 2, 500  00 

4,731  58 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 i 4,685  95 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 45  63 

VERMILLION  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  199.) 

Appropriations  made  in  1836,  1837, 1838,  and  work  resumed  in  1866.  Before  improvement 
navigation  was  obstructed  by  a  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  which  was  bare  at  low  water. 

There  is  now  a  channel  70  feet  wide  with  a  least  deptli  of  llj  feet  to  a  rook  bottom. 

Stone  and  lumber  are  shipped  in  considerable  quantities  from  this  harbor.  The  benefit  to 
commerce  unknown. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 492  34 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,507  66 

BLACK  RIVER  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  193.) 

Appropriations  were  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1828  and  1852.  Work  resumed  in 
1864.  Before  improvement  there  were  but  3  feet  upon  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  river.  There 
is  now  a  channel  200  feet  wide  with  a  least  depth  of  16  feet. 

The  commerce  is  increasing  and  the  harbor  rapidly  growing  in  importance.  It  is  a  railroad 
terminus.  One  hundred  and  seventy-four  vessels  entered  in  1881.  Value  of  exports,  $307,000. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $2,949  48 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 7,000  00 

9,949  48 

July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 7 821  87 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 9,127  61 


102    APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE    RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

ROCKY  RIVER,  OHIO. 

(Page  197.) 

First  appropriation  in  1872.    There  was  less  than  5  feet  upon  the  bar  at  entrance  to  Rocky 
River  before  improvement ;  there  is  now  a  channel  100  feet  wide  with  a  least  depth  of  6  feet. 
It  is  a  place  of  no  commerce  at  present. 

July  1,188-2,  amount  available $1,586  37 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 .'. 1  06 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 1,585  31 

CLEVELAND  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  194.) 

Appropriations  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1825  and  1852.     Work  resumed  in  1864. 

lu  1825,  before  improvement,  the  depth  of  water  at  entrance  to  Cuyahoga  River  was  3  feet. 
There  is  now  a  good  channel  of  entrance  to  harbor  with  a  least  depth  of  17  feet.  The  breakwater 
designed  to  form  a  harbor  of  refuge  is  about  two-thirds  completed.  The  extension  of  the  pier, 
which  is  to  form  the  east  side  of  the  breakwater,  has  still  to  be  appropriated  for.  The  completion 
of  the  remaining  parts  is  now  contracted  for. 

This  has  been  made  one  of  the  most  important  harbors  on  the  lakes.  In  1881  the  value  of 
imports  was  $60,806,008;  exports,  $34,030,757 ;  3,151  vessels  entered  and  3,096  vessels  cleared. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $213, 271  70 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 175, 000  00 

388,271  70 
July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,188V $128,661  18 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities 8,876  18 

137,537  36 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 250,734  34 

FAIRPORT  HARBOR  (GRAND  RIVER),  OHIO. 

(Page  196.) 

Appropriations  made  at  intervals  between  the  years  1S25  and  1852.  Work  resumed  in  1864. 
Before  improvement  the  entrance  to  Grand  River  was  entirely  closed  by  a  dry  sand  bar.  There  is 
now  a  channel  200  feet  wide,  with  a  least  depth  of  16  feet. 

Large  and  increasing  commerce  has  been  benefited  by  this  improvement. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5,368  01 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 10,  000  Ou 

15,368  01 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 1,772  24 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 13,595  77 

CONNEAUT  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  195.) 

At  the  time  of  the  first  appropriation  for  this  harbor,  1829,  the  depth  of  water  at  the  entrance 
was  but  2  feet;  this  was  increased  by  the  construction  of  piers  and  by  dredging  to  11  feet  in  1838. 
After  which  time,  until  1866,  there  were  but  two  appropriations,  at  long  intervals,  and  upon  the 
resumption  of  the.  improvement  in  1867  the  depth  was  found  reduced  to  8J  feet. 

The  present  depth  is  less.  The  piers  are  now  in  a  dilapidated  condition ;  a  large  breach 
has  been  made  through  one  of  them  by  storms,  and  the  superstructure  of  the  remaining  part  is 
much  decayed. 

The  commerce  of  this  place  has  diminished  and  is  now  very  small. 

July  1,  1RS2,  amount  available $231  23 

July  1,  1883.  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 178  05 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 53  18 

ASHTABULA  HARBOR,  OHIO. 

(Page  193.) 

In  1826,  before  improvement,  the  depth  of  water  at  entrance  was  2  feet.  This  was  increased 
to  9  feet  with  the  appropriations  made  between  that  date  and  1838. 

Upon  the  resumption  of  the  improvement  in  1867  the  depth  was  found  reduced  to  7£  feet.  It 
is  now  15  feet. 

The  commerce  of  Ashtabula  is  rapidly  increasing,  it  being  now  the  terminus  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania and  other  railroads. 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVBES  AND  HAEBOES.  103 

In  1867,  151  vessels  entered  and  cleared ;  in  1881,  1,037. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,161  43 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20, 000  00 

23, 161  43 

July  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 1,992  00 

Jnly  1,  1883,  amount  available 21,169  43 

EEIE  HAEBOR,  PENNSYLVANIA. 

(Page  201.) 

The  work  of  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1824,  at  which  time  the  depth 
at  entrance  was  6  feet.  In  1835  it  had  been  increased  to  13  feet.  As  but  two  appropriations  were 
made,  at  long  intervals,  between  the  years  1838  and  1864,  on  the  resumption  of  work  in  1864  the 
depth  was  found  reduced  to  9  feet.  It  is  now  16  feet. 

Benefit  to  commerce:  Tonnage  of  vessels  entered  and  cleared  in  1867, 421,874;  in  1882, 1,510,350. 

July  1,  1882,  amonut  available $15, 997  i:j 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 20,  000  00 

35,997  13 

Julv  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,  1882 14,720  60 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 21,276  53 

CUNNINGHAM  CEEEK,   LAKE   EEIE,   OHIO. 

(Page  195.) 

First  appropriation,  1826.  This  improvement  was  not  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  a  navigable 
channel  through  the  mouth  of  the  creek,  but  to  obtain  a  shelter  for  vessels,  independent  of  access 
to  the  interior. 

The  plan  adopted  was  that  of  parallel  piers,  running  into  the  lake,  475  feet  apart,  with  an 
outer  protection  by  a  breakwater  parallel  to  the  shore.  The  piers  were  carried  out  by  cribs, 
separated  from  each  other  about  30  feet,  and  bridged  over.  The  first  work  built  was  so  slight 
as  to  need  frequent  repairs,  and  the  projected  breakwater  was  never  built. 

In  1839  the  piers  were  still  unfinished,  and  upon  an  inspection  by  a  Board  of  Engineer 
Officers  it  was  concluded  that  "the  wants  of  agriculture  or  commerce,  or  the  business  to  be 
drawn  to  this  place  by  them,"  were  not  sufficient  to  warrant  further  expenditure. 

The  work  has  been  abandoned  since  that  date. 

PORTLAND   HAEBOE,   LAKE   EEIE,   NEW   YOEK. 

(Page  186.) 

This  harbor,  situated  12  miles  west  of  Dunkirk,  was  originally  an  open  roadstead,  the  town 
being  at  the  bottom  of  a  small  bay,  fronting  .to  the  north.  The  works  to  protect  the  landing 
consisted  of  a  pier,  built  by  individual  enterprise,  extending  into  the  lake  from  the  eastern  cape 
of  the  bay,  and  a  pier  from  the  western  cape,  extending  1,200,  feet  into  the  lake,  built  by  the 
United  States  with  the  appropriations  of  1836-'37  and  '38. 

The  town  having  become  a  place  of  no  commercial  importance,  the  piers  have  been  permitted 
to  decay,  there  having  been  no  appropriation  tor  the  work  since  1838. 

DUNKIRK   HAltBOE,   NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  179. ) 

The  improvement  of  this  harbor  was  begun  in  1827.  The  entrance  is  through  a  depression 
in  a  solid  rock  reef,  which  extends  entirely  across  the  harbor.  No  change  of  depth  was  effected 
until  1877,  when  the  depth  was  increased  about  2  feet  by  blasting,  making  the  entrance  about  12 
feet  deep. 

Expenditures  upon  this  harbor  have  been  mainly  for  the  purpose  of  affording,  by  the 
construction  of  a  breakwater,  security  for  vessels  seeking  the  harbor. 

The  commerce  of  Dunkirk  has  diminished  of  late  years,  and  is  now  small. 

In  1867,  entrances  and  clearances,  679;   tonnage,  452,925. 

In  1881,  entrances  and  clearances,  118;  tonnage,  13,618. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $3,665  90 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstandinf  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 3i611  81 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 54  09 

GATTAEAUGUS   CEEEK,    LAKE   ERIE,   NEW   YOEK. 

(Page  178.) 

Before  any  improvement  was  made  here,  the  entrance  to  the  creek  was  extremely  shoal, 
shifting,  and  often  impracticable.  The  appropriations  of  1836,  1837,  and  1838  were  applied  to  the 
construction  of  parallel  piers,  by  which  the  entrance  was  so  much  improved  as  to  become 


104  APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

accessible  to  steamers,  and    for   a   time   the   commerce   of  the   place   gradually  increased  in 
consequence. 

The  commerce  of  the  creek  has  since  declined,  and  the  piers,  having  been  neglected  for  want 
of  appropriation  since  1838,  have  gone  to  decay,  but  to  what  extent  is  not  known. 

BUFFALO  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  176.) 

First  appropriation  by  Congress,  1826.  Piers  were  built  at  the  mouth  of  Buffalo  Creek  in 
1820-'21  by  private  enterprise  as  an  inducement  to  locate  the  termiuus  of  the  Erie  Canal  at 
this  point. 

The  plan  of  improvement,  as  modiQed  at  various  times,  provided  for  the  construction  of  a 
north  and  a  south  pier  at  the  mouth  of  the  creek ;  a  masonry  sea  wall  running  south  from  the  south 
pier,  and  a  breakwater,  a  little  less  than  half  a  mile  distant  from  and  in  front  of  the  Buffalo  light- 
house, its  long  arm  running  nearly  parallel  with  the  general  shore  line  of  the  lake. 

The  north  and  south  piers  were  finished  long  ago,  and  the  sea  wall  also.  The  depth  of  water 
between  the  piers  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  was  10  feet  in  1835,  and  is  now  16  feet  at  low  water. 
The  breakwater  at  the  end  of  the  last  working  season  had  been  completed  to  a  length  of  4,887  feet; 
its  projected  length  is  7,600  feet,  with  an  arm  to  extend  from  its  extremity  to  the  shore.  The 
present  sheltered  harbor  area  is  about  320  acres. 

For  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1882,  the  value  of  imports  was  $5,473,864.  Number 
of  vessels  cleared,  3,098;  entered,  3,077.  Chief  articles  of  commerce,  grain  and  lumber,  with 
general  merchandise. 

July  1, 1882,  amount  available $63,923  94 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 125,  000  00 

188,923  94 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $57,461  86 

Julv  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 10,006  10 

67, 527  % 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 121,395  98 

BLACK  ROCK  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  176.) 

The  appropriations  from  1829  to  1834,  inclusive,  were  applied  to  the  construction  of  a  pier  and 
mole  inclosing  the  western  entrance  to  the  harbor.  The  lower  portions  of  the  pier,  which  forms 
the  harbor,  and  a  dike  ou  Squaw  Island  had  been  constructed  by  the  State  of  New  York;  the 
United  States  works  were  at  the  upper  extremity  of  this  pier  and  in  continuation  of  it.  The  object 
of  the  mole  was  to  arrest  the  sand  from  entering  into  the  harbor. 

The  harbor  being  in  fact  a  continuation  of  the  Erie  Canal,  the  United  States  works  were  at 
the  time  of  the  highest  importance  to  commerce,  as  it  was  through  the  artificial  harbor  that  the 
canal  gained  access  to  Lake  Erie. 

NIAGARA  RIVER,  AT  TONA WANDA  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  183.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  improvement  here  has  been  the  removal  of  three  bars  at  the 
head  and  at  the  middle  of  Tonawanda  Island  and  at  the  mouth  of  the  creek ;  13  feet  water  has 
been  obtained  at  each  of  them,  where  before  improvement  there  was  but  11  feet. 

Year  ending  June  30, 1«82,  value  of  imports,  $548,203;  arrivals,  1,068;  clearances,  1,063.  Chief 
article  of  commerce,  lumber. 

A inoii nt  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 $1,500  00 

July  1,1H83,  amount  available 1,500  00 

WILSON  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  180.) 

Two  parallel  piers  were  built  by  private  enterprise  in  1846,  and  the  improvement  continued 
from  time  to  time  by  pier  work  and  dredging,  by  which  the  original  depth  at  entrance  of  1  foot 
was  increased  to  6  feet. 

The  first  appropriation  by  Congress  was  in  1875.  The  piers  have  been  rebuilt  and  extended 
to  9  feet  water  in  the  lake,  and  there  is  now  about  that  depth  of  entrance. 

The  harbor  is  of  local  importance  only,  the  arrivals  and  departures  averaging  about  one  a 
week  during  the  season  of  navigation. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,  000  00 

July  1,  18^3,  amount  expended  during  tiscal  year 2,  054  94 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,945  06 

OLCOTT  HARBOR  (EIGHTEEN  MILE  CREEK),  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  184.) 

The  original  depth  of  the  mouth  at  the  creek  was  1£  feet.  In  1846  private  parties  had  built  a 
pier  250  feet  into  the  lake.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the  appropriation  of  1867. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HAEBOES.  105 

The  piers  have  been  carried  out  to  9  feet  water  in  the  lake,  and  the  channel  deepened  to  10  feet 
for  a  width  of  50  feet.  In  excavating  this  channel  a  bed  of  rock  was  encountered,  which  made  the 
cost  of  this  work  greater  than  was  anticipated. 

The  harbor  is  of  local  importance  only.    Chief  articles  of  commerce,  fruit,  grain,  and  lumber. 

OAK  OECHAED  HAEBOE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  183.) 

Appropriations  were  made  for  this  harbor  at  intervals  from  1836  to  1852.  The  present  improve- 
ment dates  from  the  appropriation  of  1867.  Originally,  the  mouth  of  the  creek  was  closed  by  a  bar 
upon  which  there  was  only  from  2  to  4  feet  water.  The  improvement  consists  of  a  breakwater  built 
in  1836  and  two  parallel  piers  200  feet  apart,  extending  to  9  feet  water  in  the  lake.  The  channel 
between  the]  piers  is  from  40  to  80  feet  wide  and  12  feet  deep  at  low  water,  cut  through  a  sandstone 
ledge.  This  is  the  only  point  between  the  mouth  of  Genesee  River  and  Niagara  River,  a  distance 
of  SO  miles,  suitable  for  a  harbor  of  refuge,  being  about  midway,  with  plenty  of  water  inside. 

The  harbor  is  of  local  importance  only,  but  by  deepening  the  entrance  to  12  feet  might  be  made 
a  good  harbor  of  refuge. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,000  00 

CHAELOTTE  HARBOE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  178.) 

With  appropriations  from  1829  to  1835,  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  had  been  deepened  by  the 
construction  of  parallel  piers  from  4  to  15  feet.  The  subsequent  appropriations  made  at  intervals 
to  date  have  been  expended  in  the  repairs  and  reconstruction  of  the  piers;  the  depth  at  entrance 
has  remained  about  the  same. 

This  harbor  is  important  as  being  the  port  of  the  city  of  Rochester,  7  miles  distant.  Value  of 
imports  and  exports  in  1882,  $1,083,000. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $680  68 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 35,000  00 


35,680  68 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 3,628  86 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 32,051  82 

PULTNEYVILLE  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Pago  187.) 

Previous  to  1846,  private  parties  had  expended  about  $'50,000  at  this  place.  The  first 
appropriation  by  Congress  was  in  1870.  The  piers  now  extend  to  10  feet  water  in  the  lake,  and  the 
channel  between  them,  which  has  shoaled  somewhat  of  late,  has  now  6  feet  at  extreme  low  water. 
The  original  depth  was  2  feet. 

The  harbor  is  of  local  value  only,  the  arrivals  and  departures  averaging  about  one  a  week 
during  the  season  of  navigation. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $4,000  00 

J  uly  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 451  41 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 3,548  59 

GREAT  SOD  US  HAEBOE,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  181.) 

With  appropriations  made  between  the  years  1829  and  1835,  piers  were  built  across  the  bar  at 
the  entrance  to  Sodus  Bay,  which  increased  the  original  depth  of  8  feet  to  9  feet.  The  subsequent 
appropriations  made  to  date  have  been  expended  in  repairs  and  reconstruction  of  the  piers,  and  in 
dredging  the  channel  between  them.  The  depth  at  entrance  is  now  10£  feet  at  extreme  low  water. 

This  harbor  is  of  importance  as  the  terminus  of  the  Lake  Ontario  Southern  Railroad. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $25, 000  00 

July  1,  lb«3.  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $2,374  83 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities '. 1,072  63 

3, 447  46 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 21,552  54 

LITTLE  SODUS  HAEBOR,  NEW  YOEK. 

(Page  182.) 

OriginaHy  the  entrance  to  the  bay  was  through  two  narrow  openings  having  a  depth  of  1£  feet. 
An  appropriation  made  in  1852  was  expended  in  pier  work  and  dredging  a  channel  of  6  feet  at  low 
water.  The  improvement  was  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1866.  The  present  depth  of 
entrance  at  extreme  low  water  is  12  feet. 

H.  Ex.  64 14 


106   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

Tbis  harbor  is  the  terminus  of  the  Southern  Central  Railroad,  which,  in  connection  with  the 
Lehigh  Valley  Railroad,  makes  it  a  large  coal-exporting  port. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available 81,716  40 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 25,000  00 


26,716  40 
July  1, 1883.  amount  expended  during  the  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  5, 1882 $1,367  20 

July  1,  18S3,  outstanding  liabilities 3,854  45 

5,221  65 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 21,494  75 

OSWEGO  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  184.) 

First  appropriation,  1827,  at  which  time  the  mouth  of  the  river  was  an  open  roadstead,  afford- 
ing no  shelter  from  the  winds  of  the  lake,  and  the  depth  of  water  iu  channel  7£  feet.  An  area  at 
the  mouth  of  the  river  was  inclosed,  and  subsequent  appropriations  were  applied  to  repairing  and 
renewing  the  original  structures  and  to  dredging.  The  present  improvement  was  begun  with  the 
appropriation  of  1871,  the  plan  being  that  of  a  west  and  east  breakwater,  with  an  opening  of  350 
feet  between  them  for  entrance  into  the  harbor  and  river.  The  west  breakwater,  6,t)25  feet  long, 
is  completed ;  the  east  one,  which  is  designed  to  be  2,700  feet  long,  has  been  commenced.  The  river 
channel  has  been  deepened  to  15  feet  at  extreme  low  water.  The  present  sheltered  harbor  area  is 
about  150  acres. 

Value  of  imports,  fiscal  year  1882,  $8,764,551;  exports,  $1,075,184;  vessels  entered,  2,651; 
cleared,  2,673. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $86  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 80,  OUO  00 

80, 086  58 
July  1,  1883.  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,  1882 15,225  01 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 74,861  57 

PORT  ONTARIO  HARBOR  (MOUTH  OF  SALMON  RIVER),  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  186.) 

Appropriations  made  between  the  years  1836  and  1844  were  expended  in  the  construction  of 
piers  at  the  mouth  of  the  river. 

These  are  now  iu  ruins,  the  port  not  having  developed,  as  was  expected,  into  sufficient 
importance  to  warrant  further  improvement. 

BLACK  RIVER  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  176.) 

Appropriations  between  the  years  1836  and  1844  were  applied  to  the  construction  of  piers,  by 
which  the  original  depth  of  4  feet  at  entrance  was  increased  to  9  feet. 

The  appropriation  of  1873  was  expended  in  dredging  a  channel  through  a  bar  at  the  outer  end 
of  the  piers.  No  appropriation  since  that  date.  The  piers  are  now  in  a  dilapidated  condition,  and 
the  depth  of  water  at  entrance  has  decreased  to  4  feet  at  extreme  low  water. 

SACKETT'S  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  187.) 

The  appropriations  of  1826  and  1828  were  expended  in  dredging  inside  the  harbor,  to  what 
depth  is  unknown. 

The  shoalness  of  the  harbor  restricts  the  lake  commerce  of  the  port  to  vessels  drawing  from 
6  to  9  feet  water.  The  appropriation  of  1882  will  be  applied  as  far  as  it  will  admit  to  dredging  in 
the  harbor  to  a  depth  of  12  feet. 

This  is  a  terminus  of  the  Utica  and  Black  River  Railroad.  Value  of  imports  and  exports 
(fiscal  year  1882),  about  $400,000. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $7,000  00 

July  1,  18ki,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $447  18 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,702  00 

2, 149  18 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,850  82 

OGDENSBURG  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  187.) 

First  appropriation,  1867.  All  the  dredging  of  the  projected  improvement  of  the  harbor  was 
completed  iu  1876,  and  the  channels  are  now  iu  good  condition,  having  been  deepened  from  10 
feet  to  12  feet  at  extreme  low  water. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.    10Y 

The  commerce  of  the  port  has  increased;  the  value  of  imports  and  exports  in  1882  was 
$2,307,668. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $10,000  00 

July  1,  lrtB3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $467  95 

July  1,  18b3,  outstanding  liabilities 2, 122  56 

2,59051 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 7,409  49 

WADDINGTON  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  188.) 

First  appropriation,  1873.  This  improvement,  so  far  as  it  was  originally  contemplated,  was 
completed  in  1875.  The  depth  of  water  through  the  bar  at  the  head  of  Little  River,  the  upper 
entrance  to  the  harbor,  was  increased  from  7  to  11  feet.  The  subsequent  appropriations  were 
applied  to  excavation  in  the  lower  entrance.  This  has  been  discontinued  owing  to  the  high  cost 
of  the  blasting  required  and  the  little  good  to  result  from  it. 

The  harbor  is  of  local  importance  only.     Value  of  imports  and  exports  in  1882,  $76,800. 

GRASS  RIVER  HARBOR,  AT  MASSENA,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page*—.) 

No  expenditure  of  the  appropriation  of  1882  has  yet  been  made  except  for  the  necessary  prep- 
aration for  the  work. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 51  40 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,948  60 

PLATTSBURG  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  185.) 

Appropriations  made  between  the  years  1830  and  1844  were  expended  in  the  construction  of  a 
breakwater  for  the  protection  of  vessels  against  the  prevailing  strongest  winds,  by  which  they  are 
enabled  to  load  and  unload  at  all  times.  Subsequent  appropriations  have  peeu  applied  to  repairs 
of  this  work,  to  its  extension,  and  to  dredging  in  the  sheltered  harbor  area. 

This  breakwater  created  and  sustains  the  commerce  of  the  place. 

No  statistics  at  hand. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available  $1,629  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year • 225  05 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 1, 403  95 

WHITEHALL  HARBOR,  NEW  YORK  (IMPROVING  ENTRANCE  OF). 

(Page  188.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836,  1837,  and  1838  were  applied  to  "the  excavation  and  removal  of 
the  sand  and  other  alluvial  deposits,  which  had  so  far  accumulated  below  the  town  as  to  prevent 
steamers,  and  other  vessels  of  larger  classes  navigating  Lake  Champlain,  from  approaching  within 
less  than  half  a  mile  of  the  proper  landing  places,  to  the  great  inconvenience  of  the  traveling  and 
commercial  community." 

The  benefit  to  commerce  was  to  afford  (in  1840)  "a  channel  quite  up  to  the  wharves  and  land- 
ing places  of  from  9  to  12  feet  deep  at  low  water." 

TICONDEROGA  RIVER,  NEW  YORK. 

(Page  188.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  The  object  of  the  improvement  now  in  progress  is  to  open  a  chan- 
nel 100  feet  wide  and  8  feet  deep,  from  Lake  Champlain  to  the  town  of  Ticonderoga,  the  ruling 
depth  by  the  river  being  but  2  feet. 

This  is  a  manufacturing  and  mining  town  of  some  importance.  In  1881  the  value  of  its  annual 
commerce  was  stated  to  be  $1,156,223. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 3, 4f5  80 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available : 1.514  20 

BURLINGTON  HARBOR,  VERMONT. 

(Pago  210.) 

The  town  is  so  situated  that  vessels  lying  at  the  wharves  had  originally  no  natural  protection 
from  westerly  winds.  The  breakwater  built  with  appropriations  made  from  1836  to  1844,  was 
found,  when  work  was  to  be  resumed  with  the  appropriation  of  1806,  to  be  insufficient,  owing  to 
the  extension  of  the  line  of  wharves  by  the  growth  of  the  place.  The  old  breakwater  was 
therefore,  extended  at  each  end.  The  appropriations  from  1866  to  date  have  been  applied  to  this 
new  work,  and  to  occasional  repairs. 


108   APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

The  breakwater  is  essential  to  the  commerce  of  the  port. 

No  commercial  statistics  at  hand. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $2, 803  26 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 12,000  00 


14, 803  26 

July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 8,661  75 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 6,141  51 

SWANTON  HARBOR,  VERMONT. 

(Page  211.) 

The  project  for  the  improvement  of  this  harbor  was  adopted  in  1873,  its  object  being  to  give 
protection  to  anticipated  docks  and  wharves.  The  amount  expended  has  resulted  in  the  construc- 
tion of  a  breakwater  259  feet  long. 

The  docks  and  wharves  have  been  located  at  some  distance  from  the  breakwater,  thereby 
receiving  very  little  or  no  protection  from  it.  In  view  of  this  and  the  uncertainty  of  the  future 
location  of  others  now  under  consideration,  further  expenditures  are  withheld  until  their  estab- 
lishment shall  give  indications  of  requirements  for  further  extension  of  the  breakwater. 

This  is  an  important  commercial  center  of  tlie  railway  system  of  this  part  of  the  country. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $1,909  06 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,1882 4,500  00 

6,  409  06 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 :... 1,764  24 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 4,644  82 

OTTER  CREEK,  VERMONT. 

(Page  211.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  The  improvement  comprises  the  removal  of  various  snags,  shoals, 
and  other  obstructions  from  the  bed  of  the  stream,  and  the  deepening  of  the  basin  of  Vergennes 
so  as  to  afford  a  depth  of  8  feet  between  that  place  and  Lake  Ghamplain. 

The  work  is  not  complete,  but  has  resulted  so  far  in  the  improvement  of  that  portion  of  the 
creek  and  basin  most  troublesome  to  navigators. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $5,780  34 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 2,000  00 

7,780  34 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 

July  1,1882 3,744  37 

July  1,1883,  amount  available 4,035  97 

CHANNEL  BETWEEN  NORTH  HERO  AND  SOUTH  HERO,  LAKE  CHAMPLAIN. 

(Page  211.) 

The  appropriations  of  1836  and  1837  were  expended  in  dredging.  This  is  the  main  water  com- 
munication between  the  commercial  channel  on  the  western  and  Swanton  Harbor  and  Saint  Albans 
Bay  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  lake,  and  is  used  by  steam  and  sail  vessels  engaged  in  the  general 
and  local  commerce  of  the  lake.  The  entrance  and  outlet  of  this  channel  has  since  diminished  in 
width  and  is  obstructed  by  dangerous  rocks.  It  should  be  widened  and  the  rocks  removed. 

OAKLAND  HARBOR,  CALIFORNIA. 

(Page  120.) 

First  appropriation,  1874.  At  the  beginning  of  the  improvement  the  depth  on  the  bar  at  the 
entrance  was  at  low  stage  3  feet,  and  at  high  stage  9  feet;  average  draught  of  vessels,  about  5  feet. 
The  present  depths  are  14  feet  at  low,  and  20  feet  at  high  water;  average  draught  of  vessels  using 
the  channel,  12  feet. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  may  be  inferred  by  the  following: 

Business  of  the  year  1874,  by  steamers,  no  passengers (    , , .  „„,,  .        .    .  .  t 

Business  of  the  year  1874,  by  sail,  no  passengers ; J    J 

Business  of  the  year  1882,  by  steamers 858, 352  passengers.  1, 051, 788  tons  freight. 

Business  of  the  year  1882,  by  sail 173, 448  tons  freight. 

Total  passengers 858,352  freight 1,225,2€6  tons. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $63,389  92 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 200,  000  00 

263, 389  92 

Jnly  1.  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $69,232  06 

Jnly  1,  1S83,  outstanding  liabilities 6,074  18 

75,306  24 

July  1,  1883,  amount  a\ailable 188,083  68 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.    109 

WILMINGTON  HARBOR,  CALIFORNIA. 

•     (Page  121.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Before  improvement  there  was  a  variable  depth  of  1  to  2  feet 
at  low  water  on  the  bar  at  the  entrance.  All  freight  aud  passengers  had  to  be  lightered  for 
several  miles. 

The  present  depth  varies  from  8  to  10  feet  at  low  water  and  14  to  1C  feet  at  high  water.  Ves- 
sels drawing  14  feet  now  enter  and  deliver  freight  at  the  wharves.  Deep-draught  ships  are  now 
obliged,  as  formerly,  to  lie  outside  and  discharge  by  lighters. 

Trade  before  improvement,  1871 :  exports,  9,575  tons ;  imports,  25,313  tons.  Imports,  lumber, 
10,938,3:56  tons. 

In  1881,  exports,  23,506  tons;  imports,  90,340 tons.   Imports,  lumber,  41,217,428  feet. 

Direct  benefit  to  commerce,  saving  in  cost  of  lighterage. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $6  24 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 100,000  00 

100, 006  24 
Jnly  1,  1883  amount,  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $63,091  09 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,998  81 

70, 089  90 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,916  34 

PETALUMA  CREEK,  CALIFORNIA. 

(Page  120.) 

First  appropriation,  If'SO.  But  little  progress  has  been  made  upon  this  improvement,  the 
appropriation  of  1881  having  been  too  small  to  justify  its  application  until  a  larger  sum  became 
available.  With  the  addition  of  the  appropriation  of  1882  work  has  been  resumed.  Two  cut-offs 
were  made  in  the  stream  with  the  first  appropriation,  which  considerably  shortened  the  trips  of 
the  numerous  vessels  that  ply  between  Petaluma  aud  San  Francisco.  The  deepening  of  the 
channel  cannot  fail  to  prove  of  additional  advantage. 

A  considerable  area  of  country,  affording  employment  to  a  large  fleet  of  schooners  and  to  a 
line  of  steamers,  depends  in  a  great  measure  for  its  prosperity  upon  this  navigation. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $8, 426  14 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 14,  000  00 

22,426  14 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 '. $4,963  90 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 2,433  70 

7,396  60 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 15,029  54 

SACRAMENTO  AND  FEATHER  RIVERS,  CALIFORNIA. 

(Page  120.) 

First  appropriation,  1875.  The  improvement  of  these  rivers  has  consisted  in  the  construction 
of  wing-dams,  to  give  greater  depth  in  shallow  places,  and  in  the  removal  of  snags  from  the  channel 
and  impending  trees  from  the  banks. 

The  Upper  Sacramento  changes  its  bed  in  many  places  with  great  facility,  and  the  clearance 
of  snags  is  indispensable  to  its  navigation.  But  for  these  operations  a  large  portion  of  the  river, 
forming  an  outlet  for  a  large  agricultural  country,  would  have  become  unnavigable  at  ordinary 
stages,  and  the  expenditure  has  in  this  way  afforded  benefit  to  navigation. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $14,885  53 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 250,000  00 

264, 885  53 
July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  Jnly  1,  1882 $28,220  73 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,19800 

34, 418  73 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 230,466  80 

SAN  JOAQUIN  RIVER,  CALIFORNIA. 

(P>ige  121.) 

First  appropriation,  1876.  Two  permanent  improvements  have  been  made  in  the  channel  of 
the  river  by  the  excavation  of  canals  100  feet  wide  and  10  feet  deep  to  straighten  an  unusual 
abruptness  of  the  bends  of  the  river  that  made  the  passage  difficult  for  the  daily  steamers  and 
delayed  sailing  vessels. 

Channels  have  been  dredged  to  great  advantage  in  Stockton  and  Merman  sloughs,  permitting 
full  loads  to  be  carried  in  the  low  stage  of  water.  These  improvements  have  encouraged  tho 
establishment  of  warehouses  aud  a  large  grist-mill  at  Stockton,  which  is  a  center  of  wheat  trade. 

The  construction  of  brush  dams  in  the  bed  of  the  upper  river  and  the  removal  of  snags  have 


110    APPBOPBIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 

facilitated  navigation,  and  the  improvements  named  have  materially  increased  the  capacity  of  the 

river  for  commerce,  and  are  highly  appreciated  bj-  all  interested. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available : $5,078  95 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40,  000  00 

45, 078  95 

July  1,  1882 15,581  21 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 29,497  74 

HUMBOLDT  HAEBOE  AND  BAY,  CALIFOENIA. 

(Page  120.) 

First  appropriation,  1881.  Operations  in  this  harbor  have  been  limited  to  dredging  the  ship- 
channel  at  two  points,  and  in  surveys  with  a  view  to  the  future  improvement  of  the  entrance. 
Additional  dredging  at  these  and  two  other  points  is  about  to  be  commenced. 

The  dredging  has  been  a  convenience  to  vessels  engaged  in  the  commerce  of  this  port,  which  is 
the  most  important  in  California  north  of  San  Francisco,  and  whose  commerce  is  steadily  increasing, 
and  has  lessened  delays  in  receipt  and  discharge  of  cargoes,  and  in  some  cases  has  dispensed  with 
lighterage. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $130  03 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 40, 000  00 

40, 130  03 
July  1,  18-<3,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $20,238  44 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,897  60 

22, 136  04 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 17,993  99 

SAN  FEANCISCO  HAEBOE,  CALIFOENIA. 
(Page  121.) 

Allotments,  1868  and  1869;  appropriations,  1872  and  1874.  Expenditures  made  at  this  harbor 
have  been  applied  to  the  improvement  of  navigable  channels  by  the  removal  of  dangers. 

Blossom  and  Eincou  rocks,  isolated  peaks  in  navigable  channels  in  the  harbor,  with  6  and  8 
feet  over  them  at  low  water,  were  removed  to  a  deptli  of  24  feet  at  mean  low  water.  Noonday  Eock, 
situated  at  sea,  about  30  miles  off  the  heads,  was  removed  to  the  deptli  of  47  feet.  The  wreck  of 
the  ship  Patrician  on  the  bar  at  the  entrance  to  the  harbor  was  also  removed. 

These  operations  relieved  commerce  of  danger,  but  did  not  affect  the  navigable  capacity  of  the 
channels. 

SAN  DIEGO  HAEBOE,  CALIFOENIA. 
(Page  121.) 

First  appropriation,  1852.  To  prevent  injury  to  the  harbor  by  the  deposit  of  sand  and  soil 
into  the  bay  during  times  of  flood,  a  levee  was  built  across  the  river  in  1853-'54,  to  divert  it  into 
False  Bay. 

This  stood  but  a  few  years,  and  was  eventually  carried  away  by  an  unusual  freshet. 
The  same  object  has  been  successfully  accomplished  with  the  appropriation  of  1875,  and  the 
expenditure  has  resulted  in  benefiting  commerce  to  the  extent  of  preserving  the  harbor  permanently 
from  injury  "by  the  river. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available ' $827  50 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities  July 
1,  1882 1 68  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 759  50 

HAEBOE  OF  EEFUGE  ON  THE  PACIFIC  COAST. 

(Page  121.) 

Only  so  much  of  the  appropriation  of  $150,000  of  March  3,  1879,  has  been  expended  as  was 
required  to  meet  the  cost  of  an  examination  of  several  harbors  on  the  Pacific  coast  by  a  Board  of 
Engineer  officers.  The  balance  is  held  to  await  the  future  action  of  Congress,  it  having  been 
found  that  the  amount  available  could  not  produce  beneficial  results. 

According  to  the  estimates  of  the  Board  an  ultimate  expenditure  of  about  $8,000,000  may  be 
involved  in  the  complete  establishment  of  the  harbor  in  question. 

The  majority  of  the  Board  recommends  Port  Orford  as  the  most  suitable  point  for  the 
proposed  work. 

LOWEE  WILLAMETTE   AND  COLUMBIA  EIVEES,  FEOM  POETLAND,  OEEGON,  TO 

THE  SEA. 

(Page  200.) 

First  appropriation,  1866.  Before  improvement  the  natural  depth  on  the  shoalest  bar  below 
Portland  was  about  9  feet  at  low  water,  and -on  six  other  bars  10£  to  15  feet. 

Since  the  work  has  been  in  progress  the  ruling  depths  have  generally  been  kept  at  15,  then  17 
and  19  feet  low  water,  with  greater  depths  on  part  of  the  bars. 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.  Ill 

The  benefit  to  commerce  has  been  the  maintenance  of  a  ship-channel  from  Astoria,  near  the 
mouth  of  Columbia  River,  to  Portland,  100  miles,  with  safer  and  easier  navigation. 

Before  improvement,  small  steamships  made  tri-mouthly  trips  from  San  Francisco  to  Portland, 
at  present  large  steamers  make  two  trips  per  week,  with  occasional  freight  steamers,  and  from 
Puget  Sound  regular  colliers.  Two  steamers  have  lately  arrived  from  China. 

For  year  ending  May  31,  1882,  value  of  imports,  $558,000 ;  exports,  $0,014,243. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $909  16 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 100,  000  00 

100,909  16 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 88,741  31 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 12,167  85 

UPPER  WILLAMETTE  RIVER,  OREGON. 

(Page  199.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.  Previous  to  1875  there  was  no  navigation  above  the  mouth  of  the 
Yamhill  (40  miles  from  Portland)  during  low  water.  Since  1877  there  has  been  no  time  when  it 
was  not  possible  to  reach  Cors^allis,  114  miles. 

Before  the  completion  of  the  main  lines  of  the  valley  railroads,  the  river  was  the  only  means 
of  transportation  for  an  area  of  about  3,000  square  miles  of  settled  and  cultivated  agricultural 
country;  the  opening  of  these  roads  has  diminished  the  river  tiansportation. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $1,139  47 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 5,000  00 

6, 139  47 
July  1,1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,1882 $5,925  90 

July  1, 1883,  outstanding  liabilities 17  50 

5,943  40 


July  1,1883,  amount  available 196  07 

UPPER  COLUMBIA  AND  SNAKE  RIVERS,  OREGON  AND  WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

(Page  227.) 

First  appropriation,  1872.  The  natural  channel  through  the  rock  rapids  was,  before  improve- 
ment, narrow,  tortuous,  and  rapid,  with  a  depth  of  2  to  4  feet  at  low  stage.  Navigation  was  diffi- 
cult and  dangerous,  and  limited  to  periods  of  favorable  stage.  Improvements  have  been  made  at 
thirteen  localities,  by  which  navigation  is  easier  and  its  period  prolonged,  and  depths  increased  to 
4J  and  5£  feet.  The  carrying  capacity  of  boats  using  the  river  has  increased  25  to  50  per  cent. 

The  productions  of  the  Upper  Columbia  country  are  rapidly  increasing;  for  the  year  ending 
May  30,  1882,  their  value  was  computed  to  be  about  $0,000,000. 

July  1,1882,  amount  available $123  98 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2, 1882 6,000  00 


6, 128  98 

July  1,1883, amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding  liabilities 
July  1,1882 988  69 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 5, 140  29 

CANAL,  CASCADES  OF  COLUMBIA  RIVER,  OREGON. 

(Page  226.) 

First  appropriation,  1877.  Improvement  in  progress,  and  consists  ,of  open  river  work  over  a 
reach  of  about  4  miles,  from  head  of  present  navigation  to  the  foot  of  projected  canal.  The  river 
part  is  about  one  half  completed,  the  canal  part  about  one-fourth. 

The  completion  will  give  a  continuous  navigation  of  8  feet  least  depth  of  channel  from  the 
head  of  ship  navigation  as  far  up  as  The  Dalles,  45  miles,  which  is  the  border  of  the  productive 
and  extensive  Upper  Columbia  region,  from  which  to  The  Dalles,  railroad  construction  Is  compara- 
tively easy,  whereas,  below  The  Dalles,  it  is  difficult,  and  its  maintenance  would  be  expensive, 

No  material  benefit  to  commerce  can  be  expected  until  the  improvement  is  completed. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $517  60 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 265,000  00   • 

265,517  60 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $179,713  78 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 6,519  75 

186,233  53 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available 79,284  07 


112    APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 

ENTRANCE  TO  COOS  BAY,  OREGON. 

(Page  199.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  Improvement  incomplete;  its  object  is  to  open  and  maintain  a 
deeper  and  more  direct  channel  across  the  sea-bar  by  jetty  construction. 

The  natural  channel  was  shifting,  usually  tortuous,  and  with  not  more  than  9  to  12  feet  at  mean 
low  water. 

The  benefit  to  commerce  is  that  an  unusual  draught  of  14£  feet  has  been  carried  over  the  bar, 
and  that  night  crossings  of  the  bar,  not  previously  attempted,  have  been  made.  The  improvement 
furnishes  encouragement  to  large  lumber  and  coal  interests  of  the  region. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $5  58 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 30, 000  00 

30,  005  58 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstand- 
ing liabilities  July  1,  1882 $25,240  26 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 1,952  95 

27, 193  21 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 2,812  37 

LOWER  CLEARWATER  RIVER,  IDAHO. 

(Page  135.) 

First  appropriation,  1879.  The  improvement  has  for  its  object  to  open  a  channel  through  rock 
reefs  and  cobblestone  bars  for  rafts  and  small  river  boats  60  feet  wide,  and  4  feet  deep  at  low  stage, 
for  a  distance  of  40  miles.  The  natural  channel  was  impracticable  for  boats  and  difficult  for  rafts. 

The  partial  improvement  so  far  made  has  greatly  benefited  a  timber  interest.  Its  completion 
will  make  the  Lower  Clearwater  an  actual  part  of  the  Upper  Columbia  River  highway. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $5,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 004  77 

July  1,  1883,  amount  available 4,395  23 

ENTRANCE  TO  YAQOINA  BAY,  OREGON. 

(Page  200.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  projected  improvement  is  to  afford  a  permanent  central 
channel  over  the  bar,  with  a  depth  of  not  less  than  12  feet  at  mean  low  tide.  Of  the  three 
natural  shifting  channels,  the  best  one  had  a  depth  of  from  7  to  9  feet;  the  two  others  are 
obstructed  by  rocks.  The  work  has  not  advanced  sufficiently  to  benefit  commerce.  Under 
the  expectation  of  its  completion,  a  railroad  has  been  projected  and  partially  constructed  from  a 
point  iu  the  Willamette  Valley  to  Yaquiua  Bay. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available $7  24 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 60,000  00 

60,007  24 
July  1, 1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 

liabilities  July  1,  1882 $3fi,425  29 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 4,556  84 

40, 982  13 


July  1,1883,  amount  available  ......................................................  19,025  11 

MOUTH  OF  COQUILLE  RIVER,  OREGON. 

(Page  199.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  By  the  construction,  in  part,  of  a  low  jetty  the  expenditure  has 
resulted  in  a  marked  benefit  to  the  entrance  channel.  This  was  naturally  tortuous,  obstructed  by 
rocks,  somewhat  shifting,  and  rarely  carried  more  than  3  feet  at  low  water.  The  incomplete  jetty 
has  caused  this  channel  to  till  completely  above  high  tide,  and  has  cut  out  a  straight  channel,  as 
intended,  entirely  free  from  rocks,  and  with  an  additional  depth  of  2  to  3  feet.  The  improvement, 
so  far,  is  eminently  successful. 

There  is  a  brisk  ship-building  industry  on  the  river.  The  exports  consist  of  lumber,  manu- 
factured wooden  articles,  produce,  salmon,  hides,  and  skins.  The  valley  is  exceedingly  fertile. 

July  1,  1882,  amount  available  .......................................  -  .............. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882  ..................................   10,00 

10,  003  31 

July  1  1883  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year,  exclusive  of  outstanding 
liabilities  July  1,  188*  ..................................................  &9,j>8 

July  1,1883,  outstanding  liabilities  .......................................        3^0  oO 

i—  ...  _ 


July  1,  1883,  amount  available  ..........  ............................................          96  73 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS.    113 

COWLITZ  RIVER,  WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

(Page  216.) 

First  appropriation,  1880.  The  improvement  consists  in  the  removal  of  drift,  snags,  and  bars, 
to  give  an  easy  and  safe  light-draught  navigation  at  all  stages  as  far  as  Cowlitz  Landing,  40  miles 
from  the  river  mouth. 

The  work  accomplished  has  facilitated  transportation  and  rafting,  and  has  promoted  rapid 
settlement  of  the  fertile  and  productive  valley  of  the  river.  All  the  industries  of  the  valley  have 
more  than  doubled  since  1879,  and  the  river  trade  is  steadily  increasing. 

Excepting  only  the  Willamette  and  Snake  rivers,  the  Cowlitz  is  the  most  important  tributary 
of  the  Columbia. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $1, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 927  27 

July  I, 1883,  amount  available 72  73 

SKAG1T,  STEILAQUAMISH,  NOOTSACK,  SNOHOM1SH,  AND  SNOQUALMIE  RIVERS, 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 

(Page  216.) 

First  appropriation,  1880,  for  the  Skagit  was  expended  in  a  partial  improvement  of  that  stream 
by  removing  snags  and  jams  that  rendered  it  at  times  impassable.  The  appropriation  of  1882  is 
being  applied  to  the  construction  of  a  snag-boat  for  use  on  all  these  rivers;  the  aggregate  length 
on  which  navigation  can  be  readily  improved  and  extended  is  about  250  miles.  In  the  absence  of 
wagon  roads  they  form  the  only  routes  of  travel  and  transportation. 

The  population  has  doubled  since  1880,  and  the  discovery  of  coal  and  iron  near  the  Skagit  has 
given  impulse  to  important  enterprises  which  depend  principally  on  a  free  river  for  their  success. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $20,000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year $1,015  67 

July  1,  1883,  outstanding  liabilities 48  00 

1,063  67 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 18,936  33 

CHEHALIS  RIVER,  OREGON. 

(Page  -.) 

First  appropriation,  1882,  of  which  no  expenditure  has  yet  been  made,  except  for  survey.    The 
present  wants  of  commerce  can  be  met  by  the  removal  of  rafts  and  the  most  troublesome  snags. 

Amount  appropriated  by  act  passed  August  2,  1882 $3, 000  00 

July  1,  1883,  amount  expended  during  fiscal  year 95  55 


July  1, 1883,  amount  available 2,904  45 

UMPQUA  RIVER,  OREGON. 

(Page  199.) 

First  appropriation,  1871.    The  expenditure  on  this  river  was  for  rock  removal  from  Scotts- 
burg,  the  head  of  existing  navigation,  down  to  Roseburg,  on  the  South  Fork. 
No  benefit  to  commerce  nor  increase  of  navigable  capacity  resulted. 
The  Umpqua  above  Scottsburg  is  not  navigable  water  as  defined  by  the  Supreme  Court. 
H.  Ex.  64 15 


EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


115 


APPEOPBIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITUEES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


117 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors  from  March  4,  1789,  to  June  30,  1882. 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

ALABAMA. 
Alabama  River. 

For  improving  Alabama  Eiver,  Alabama  '. 
Total  . 

Balance  .  . 

Cli-aUahoochie  Birer. 
Alabama,  Florida,  and  Georgia.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Ckoctmeliatchie  Rirer. 
Alabama  and  Florida.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Coma  River. 
Alabama,  Florida,  and  Georgia.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

1'swnlia  River. 
Alabama  and  Florida.  See  "  Miscellaneous,  "post. 

Mobile  JIarT)or. 
For  the  purpose  of  removing  the  obstructions  and  deepening  < 
the  harbor  of  Mobile.  Ala  .  . 

For  completing  improvements  in  tbe  harbor  of  Mobile  
For  removing  obstructions  in  the  harbor  of  Mobile  < 

For  improving  the  harbor  at  Mobile  in  removing  the  bar  at  the 
entrance  of  the  harbor  called  Choctaw  Pass  .• 
For  completing  the  improvement  at  the  harbor  of  Mobile  in  ) 
removing  the  bar  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor  called  the  > 

*  (i  ,  ^yj 

For  improving  the  harbor  of  Mobile  by  removing  the  bar  of  the 
Choctaw  Pass  and  Doer  River  Bar  .  . 

For  continuing  the  improvements  at  Dog  Eiver  Bar  and  Choc-  ) 
taw  Pass,  in  Mobile  Harbor  .  .  . 

For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Mobile  at  Dog  Eiver  1 
Bar  and  Choctaw  Pass  '  \ 

The  act  of  March  3,  1857,  provides,  "That  the  Secretary  of  the  ^ 
Treasury  be,  and  he  hereby  is,  directed,  out  of  any  money  in 
the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  pay  to  Collier 
H.  Minge,  Philip  T.  Ellicott,  andT^ucretia  A.  Brodie,  admin- 
istratrix of  Charles  Brodie,  the  sum  of  $6,919.38,  to  bedivided  1 
equally  among  them  ;  and  to  Collier  H.  Minge  and  Philip  T.  f 
Ellicott  the  sum  of  $13,913.62,  to  be  equally  divided  among 
them.  The  said  sums  being  in  full  for  the  amount  due  on  a 
contract  dated  December  5,  1838,  for  excavating  the  channel 
on  Dog  River  Bar,  in  the  bay  of  Mobile" 
For  improvement  of  harbor  and  bay  of  Mobile 

* 

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1 

u- 

i 

H 

118 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Mobile  Harbor  —  Continued. 
For  the  improvement  of  Mobile  Harbor  and  Bay  < 

ff|!  j  j  j  | 

Pass  an  Heron. 
For<l«epeniii£  the  cbanuel  through  tin-  1'jiss  an  Heron.  nearS 

For  deepening  the  channel  through  the  Pass  an  Heron.  reap-S 

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Tennesxev  Hirer. 
Alabama,  Kentucky,  and  Tennessee.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  poet. 

It'arrior  and  Tombii/bee  Hirers. 
Alabama  and  Mississippi.  See  "  Miscellaneous,  "post. 

ARKANSAS. 

Arkansas  River. 
Arkansas,  Indian  Territory,  and  Kansas.  See  "Miscellaneous," 

post. 

2iayou  Bartholomew. 
Arkansas  and  Louisiana.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Slack  Eimr. 
Arkansas  and  Missouri.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Current  Hinr. 
Arkansas  and  Missouri.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  port. 

j»  Jj^5^  1-3  : 

For  the  improvement  of  Mobile  Harbor,  $10,000,  to 
to  making  tests,  surveys,  and  borings  to  dotermi 
the  ship  channel  no\v  leading  from  the  lower  an 
Mobile  Bay  can  be  deepened  so  as  to  admit  vesse 
22  feet,  or  any  less  draught  above  13  feet,  to  the 
the  citv  of  Mobile  
For  improving  Mobile  Harbor  to  secure  17-foot  ehan 
For  continuing  improvement  ot  Mobile  Harbor  
For  improving  harbor  at  Mobile  

Total  . 

Balance  .  . 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


119 


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For  improving  Fourche  Le  Fevre  River,  Arkansas  ^ 
Total  

L'Angllille  River. 
For  improving  L'Angllille  River,  Arkansas  < 

Total  

! 

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Little  Missouri  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Little  Missouri  River,  Arkansas.  .< 

> 

3 
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Mississippi  River. 
Arkansas,  Illinois,  Iowa,  Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Minnesota,  Mis- 
sissippi, Missouri,  Tennessee,  and  Wisconsin.  See  "Miscel- 
laneous," post. 

Ouachita  River. 
Arkansas  and  Louisiana.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Bed  River. 
Arkansas,  Louisiana,  and  Texas.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Saint  Francis  Hirer. 
For  improving  Saint  Francis  River,  Arkansas  
For  improving  Saint  Francis  River  between  Wilkesbnrg  and 
Lester  Landing  

1 

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Saline  River. 
For  improving  Saline  River,  Arkansas  < 

Total  .. 

White  Hirer. 
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  White  River  above 
Jacksonnort.  Ark.. 

For  the  improvement  of  White  River  at  Buffalo  Shoals  ) 

E- 

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For  improving  White  River  above  Buffalo  Shoals  1 

For  improving  White  River  between  Jacksonport  and  Buffalo) 
Shoals  

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IFAi<e,  liiacA;,  and  Little  Red  Rivers. 
For  the  improvement  of  White,  Black,  and  Little  Red  Rivers, 
in  the  State  of  Arkansas  .  . 

White,  Black,  and  Saint  Francis  Rivers. 
Arkansas  and  Missouri.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

120 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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CALIFORNIA. 
Humboldt  Harbor. 
For  improving  Humboldt  Harbor  and  Bav,  California  

Oakland  Harbor, 
t 

For  the  improvement  of  Oakland  Harbor,  California  * 

For  the  improvement  of  Oakland  Harbor,  to  bo  applied  to  fin-  < 

For  improving  Oakland  Harbor,  but  this  sum,  and  any  snmS 
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War 

Sacramento  River. 

For  improving  Sacramento  River,  California,  continuing  im-  1 
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California  

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


121 


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For  building  a  levee  across  the  mouth  of  the  San  Diego  River,  i 
iu  the  State  of  California,  to  turn  it  into  its  former  channel  1 
into  False  Bay,  to  be  expended  under  the  direction  of  the  [ 

secretary  01  vv  ar  j 

( 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  San  Diego  } 

For  improving  and  repairing  San  Diego  Harbor  
Total  

San  Francisco  Harbor. 
For  the  removal  of  Rincon  rock,  in  the  harbor  of  San  Fran-  ( 

For  removing  wrecks  and  rocks  oft'  the  harbor  of  San  Fran-) 
cisco  i 

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t 

f) 

p 

San  Joaquin  Ewer. 
For  the  improvement  of  San  Joaquiu  River,  California  < 

For  improving  San  Joaquin  River;  $10,000  of  which  amount 
may  be  used,  in  the  discretion  of  the  engineer,  in  the  improve- 
ment of  the  Mormon  Sloush  .  . 

i 

Balance  .. 

Harbor  of  refuge,  between  the  Straits  of  Fuca  and  San  Francisco. 
The  act  of  March  3,  1879,  appropriates  $150,000,  to  be  expended 
by  the  Secretary  of  War  in  the  commencement  of  the  con- 
struction of  a  breakwater  and  harbor  of  refuge  at  such  point 
on  the  Pacific  Ocean  between  the  Straits  of  Fuca  and  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  as  may,  in  the  opinion  of  a  majority  of  the 
Board  of  United  States  Engineers  for  the  Pacific  Coast,  be 
most  suitable,  the  interests  of  commerce,  local  and  general, 
being  considered  

Balance  .  . 

Wilmington  Harbor. 
For  construction  of  breakwater  at  Wilmington  Harbor,  Call-  < 
fornia  .  .  .  .  > 

^ 

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a 

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CONNECTICUT. 

Bridgeport  Harbor. 
For  deepening  the  channel  leading  into  Bridgeport  Harbor,  ( 
Connecticut  .  ..) 

For  the  improvement  of  the  breakwater  at  Wilmington  

, 

-i 
pi 

S.  Ex.  196 10 


122 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Bridgeport  Harbor  —  Continued. 
For  the  further  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Bridgeport,  1 

Pnnn  ..  1 

I 
For  the  improvement  of  Bridgeport  Harbor  < 

For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Bridgeport,  of  which  sum 
not  less  than  one-half  shall  be  expeuded  between  the  lower 

For  improving  the  harbor  at  Bridgeport  < 

Tntnl 

Cedar  Point  Beach. 
For  further  securing  the  beach  at  Cedar  Point  < 

Total  

Connecticut  Biver. 
For  making  a  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Westbrook,  near  the~| 
mouth  of  Connecticut  River,  with  a  vie\»to  the  improve-  1 

nu-nt  of  the  said  harbor,  and  for  ascertaining  the  cost  of  such  [ 
improvement  J 

For  imitrovement  of  Connecticut  River  .. 

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For  improving  Connecticut  River  below  Hartford,  $30,000  ;  of 
which  sum  §.",000  shall  be  used  for  dredging  the  river  be- 
tween Hartford  and  Middlctowu  :  and  $2,000  for  improving 
the  mouth  of  Salmon  River  in  the  town  of  East  Haddam  .  . 

For  improvement  of  Connecticut  River  above  Hartford  an 

For  improvement  of  Connecticut  River  below  Hartford  

For  the  improvement  of  the  Connecticut  River  on  or  above  Ei 
iield  Falls  and  below  Holvoke^- 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Connecticut  River  below  Hartfort 
i  in  hiding  Sav  brook  Bar,  at  tho  mouth  of  the  river  
For  the  improvement  of  Connecticut  River  below  Hartford.. 
For  the  improvement  of  Connecticut  River  above  Hartford  am 

below  Kiifield  K.'ills 

APPEOPKIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


123 


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For  improving  Couuecticut  River  below  Hartford,  including 
dredging  between  Hartford  and  Middloto  wu  
For  improving  Connecticut  River  below  Hartford,  continuing 

>etween  Hartford  and  Holy- 

-  below  Hartford,  of  which 
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Itle  Narragansett  Kay. 
Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Iford  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Milford,  Conn  <| 

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w  Haven  Breakwater. 
For  construction  of  breakwater  at  New  Haven,  Conn  

For  construction  of  breakwater,  continuing  operations  j 
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no  Haven  Harbor. 
For  the  removal  of  Middle  Rock,  designated  on  the  chart  as 
Rocky  Buov,  in  the  harbor  of  New  Haven,  Conn  

For  improvement  of  New  Haven  Harbor  
For  removal  of  rocks  at  New  Haven  Harbor  .  . 

wsatonic  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Housatonic  River,  Couuecticut  ..  s 

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ttl  Hirer. 
For  improving  the  navigation  of  Mill  River,  Connect 
removing  obstructions  in  the  said  river,  and  cons 
such  works  as  will  prevent  the  sand  from  filling 

For  completing  the  breakwater  and  dyke  and  deepei 

I 

For  improving  Connecticut  River 

,,L-,. 

For  improving  Connecticut  Rive 
.sum  §10,000  shall  be  used  to  cout 
the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  rive 
channel  below  Rocky  Hill  

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124 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


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Neta  London  Harbor. 
For  improving  New  London  Harbor,  Connecticut  

Norwalk  Harbor. 
For  making  a  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Norwalk,  Connecticut, 

For  the  improvement  of  Norwalk  Harbor,  Connecticut,  between 

4 

J 

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have  the  channel  (>  fret  deep  at  low  water  between  the  steam- 

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Soutliport  Harbor. 
For  securing  the  public  works  at  the  harbor  of  Southport,  $ 

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For  the  repair  of  the  breakwater  and  piers  at  the  harbor  of 
Southnort  .. 

New  Haren  Harbor  —  Continued. 
For  the  improvement  of  New  Haven  Harbor  

For  the  improvement  of  New  Haven  Harbor,  continuing  im-] 

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For  the  improvement  of  Norwal  k  Harbor  - 

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For  improving  harbor  at  Norwalk  

"~~ 

Pawcatuck  ]{im: 
Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island.  .See  "Miscellaneous,"  J)o«(. 

Saybrook  Harbor. 
For  improving  the  harbor  of  Saybrook,  Conn.,  by  removi 
the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  Connecticut  River  
For  improving  the  harbor  of  Saybrook  by  removing  the  bar 
the  mouth  of  Connecticut  River,  being  the  balance  of  an  i 

To  pay  Randall,  Haskell  and  Holmes  balance  due  
Total  

APPEOPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


125 


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Weutpurt  (01-  iHaugatuck)  Harbor. 
For  makiii';  a  survey  of  Saugatuck  River  and  harbor,  and  to 
ascertain  the  expediency  and  expense  of  removing  the  ob- 
structions to  the  navigation  thereof,  and  of  facilitating  the 

For  removing  obstructions  to  the  navigation  of  Sangatuck  ( 
River,  and  protecting  Saugatuck  Harbor  by  a  suitable  work  I 
to  prevent  the  washing  of  the  gaud  from  Cedar  Point  into  \ 

said  harbor  -  I 
For  the  removing  obstructions  in  the  Saugatnck  River  
For  improving  the  harbor  of  Westport  (or  Saugatuck),  agree- 
ably to  the  report  of  John  Anderson,  of  the  Engineer  Corps.. 

For  improving  the  harbor  of  Westport,  Connecticut  < 

For  deepening  and  improving  Westport  Harbor.....  < 
For  improvement  of  Westport  Harbor  < 

Total  .  

DELAWARE. 
Broad  Creek. 

For  improving  Broad  Creek  from  its  mouth  to  Laurel,  Del  —  < 
Total  .. 

Broadkiln  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  Broadkiln  River,  Delaware  < 

Total  .. 

I 

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Delaware  lirrakiratir. 
The  act  of  May  7,  1822,  provides,  "That  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  be  authorized  and  required  to  cause  to  be  erected 
in  the  liay  of  Delaware,  at  or  near  a  place  called  the  Shears, 
near  C'ape  Henlopen,  by  contract  or  contracts,  to  be  ap- 
proved by  the  Presicient  of  the  United  States,  two  piers  of 
sufficient  dimensions  to  be  a  harbor  or  shelter  for  vessels  J 
from  the  ice,  if,  after  a'snrvey  made  under  his  direction,  the 
measure  shall  be  deemed  expedient,  and  provided  that  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  site  where  such  piers  may  lie  erected,  shall 
bo  first  ceded  to  the  United  States  according  to  the  condi- 
tions in  such  case  liv  law  provided"  ^ 
The  act  of  May  XiH,  l*fc<,  provides.  "That  the  President  of  the  ) 
United  States  cause  to  be  made  near  the  mouth  of  Delaware  > 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


127 


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APPEOPBIATIONS  AlSTD  EXPENDITURES  FOE  BIVEES  AND  HAEBOE&. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Mispillwn  Creek. 

For  improving  Mispillion  Creek,  Delaware  { 

( 
Total  .., 

^T«tt>  Cos^e  Harbor. 
For  building  piers  at  proper  sites,  iu  the  River  Delaware,  atC 
New  Castle,  and  for  repairing  the  old  piers  at  the  same/ 
place,  and  deepeuing  the  water  around  them  ( 

For  piers  at  New  Castle,  Del.. 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  New  Castle.  ! 

f 

For  repairing  the  piers  and  for  improving  the  harbor  at  New  J 
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For  repairing  the  public  piers  at  Port  Penn,  Marcus  Hook,  and  J 

Vnrfc  Mifflin 

. 

For  improving  the  harbors  of  Port  Penn,  New  Castle,  Marcus 
Hook,  and  Chester,  in  the  Delaware  River  

For  the  repair  of  pier  of  the  ice-harbor  at  New  Castle,  a: 
buildiug  a  new  pier  at  said  harbor  .  . 

the  removal  of  obstructions  iii  the  harbor  and  the  con 
on  of  a  pier  at  New  Castle  .  . 

the  construction  of  piers  of  ice  harbor,  and  removil 

b-llntioiii  at  Mnvp  Piut.ln 

-harbor  at  New  Ca 

continuing  operat 
completing  iruproi 

nation  of  the  publ 
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a  and  Delaware,  i 
jense  of  repairing  a 

continuing  the  construction  of  ice 
piers  of  ice-harbor  at  New  Castle 
piers  of  ice-harbor  at  New  Castle, 
piers  of  ice-harbor  at  New  Castle, 

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Beedi/  Island  Harbor. 
For  defraying  the  expense  of  an  exam 
at  Port  Peuu,  Marcus  Hook,  and  Foi 
River,  in  the  States  of  Penusylvaui 
to  determine  the  expediency  and  ex 
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»i  Jones  Hirer. 
For  the  improvement  of  Saint  Jones  River,  Delaware  

mington  Harbor. 
For  improving  the  harbor  of  Wilmington  by  removing  the  bar 
at  the  mouth  of  Christiana  River  according  to  the  plans 
recommended  by  Hartmau  Bache,  of  the  Engineer  Corps  
f 
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Wilmington,  J 
n^l  .  .  ) 

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For  removing  the  obstructions  from,  aud  the  improvement  of,  ( 

t.h*»  hn.rlwir  »t  Wilmiiio-tn-n  > 

For  improving  harbor  at  Wilmington  < 

For  improving  harbor  at  Wilmington:  to  dredge  the  bar  and 
channel  at  the  mouth  of  the  Christiana  River,  and  make  such 
survey  as  may  be  necessary  to  determine  the  site  of  such 
works  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  permanent  improvement 

For  improving  Christiana  River  and  Wilmington  Harbor,  deep-"j 
ening  the  channel  and  improving  the  harbor  of  Christiana 
River  from  the  Delaware  River  to  and  above  the  site  of  Wil-  > 
mington,  in  accordance  with  the  surveys  and  plans  of  the 
United  States  Engineer  department  '.  J 

Total  . 

i 

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a 

FLORIDA. 

alachicola  Kiver. 
For  removing  obstructions  in  the  Appalacbicola  River,  in  the  < 
Territorv  of  Florida  .  . 

For  completing  the  removal  of  obstructions  in  the  AppalachM 
cola  River,  in  Florida-- 

For  the  completion  of  the  removal  of  the  obstructions  in  the"l 
harbor  and  river  Appalachicola,  in  Florida,  according  to  the  1 
report  aud  estimate  of  the  engineer,  Lieutenant  Long,  in-  f 
eluding  the  unexpended  appropriation  of  last  year  J 
For  a  survey  of  the  East  Pass  into  Appalachicola  Bay  and  river, 
to  ascertain  the  practicability  and  cost  of  removing  obstruc- 
tions and  iinnrovimr  t.lie  hn.rhnr 

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For  compensation  to  William  Gibbs  McNeil!,  being  an  excess 
of  expenditures  over  and  above  the  appropriation  for  surveys 
made  under  his  direction,  of  the  East  Pass  of  the  Appalachi- 
cola Bav  -  . 

For  the  construction  of  a  harbor  on  the  east  side  of  Reedy  Isl- 
and Pnrt,  PAiin  TV] 

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S.  Ex.  196- 


130 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR   RIVERS  AND   HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Appalachicola  River—  Continued. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Appalachicola  River  •( 

( 

For  improving  the  Appalachicola  River,  including  the  slough  J 
connecting  the  Appalachicola  with  the  Chipola  River  ] 

For  improving  Appalachicola  Bay  < 

Total 

Cedar  Keys  Harnor. 
For  dredging  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbor  of  Cedar  Keys, 
Fla. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Cedar  Keys  { 
Tnto.1 

Chattahoocllie  ami  Flint  Hirers. 
Florida,  Alabama,  and  Georgia.  See  ••  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Ctiipota  River. 
For  removing  obstructions  in  the  Chipola  River,  in  Florida  
For  continuing  the  removal  of  obstructions  in  the  ChipolaJ 
River,  in  the.  Territory  of  Florida  ..  ..  ) 

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CItoctu  iflitt  tclt  it-  Hirer. 
Florida  and  Alabama.  See  "Miscellaneous,1'  pout. 

Cumberland  Sound. 
Florida  and  Georgia.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  pout. 

Esrambia  Hirer. 
Florida  and  Alabama.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Indian  Kirn: 

For  connecting  the  waters  of  Indian  River  and  Mosquito  La-  ) 
goon,  at  the  Haulover,  Florida  > 

Total  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


131 


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Oriilawaha  Rirer. 
For  oleariug  out  the  Ochla  waha  River  from  the  Saint  John's  to  ( 
Glassall's  Spring,  ni-ar  Camp  King,  for  the  transportation  I 
of  provisions  and  military  stores  to  the  garrison  at  that  place,  1 
as  estimated  in  the  report  of  the  Quartc'rma.ster-General  i 

Total  .  . 

Ot'hlncbnetf  Jtirer. 
l-\ir  iin]>roving  the  navigation  of  the  Ochlochney  Kiver,  Florida.  . 

Peas  Creek. 
For  improving  Peas  Creek,  Florida  

Pennacola  Harbor. 
For  improving  the  harbor,  including  survey  and  estimate  for 
removal  of  wrecks  at  Pensacola,  Fia  

For  improving  I'ensacola  Harbor  < 
Total  

« 

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iS'aii//  .li/i/iisline  Harbor. 
For  makiug  a  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Saint  Augustine,  and  the 
bar  or  near  the  entrance  of  the  same,  with  a  view  to  remove 
the  latter,  and  to  render  the  access  to  the  harbor  safe  at  all 
times,  and  to  make  an  estimate  of  the  cost  of  accomplishing 
that  obieet,  .  . 

For  payment  of  Maj.  P.  H.  Perrault  balance  due  on  account  of 
the  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Saint  Augustine,  Fla  

For  continuiif  sea-wall  at  Saint  Autriistine.  .  .  ..  t 

I 

For  completing  the  sea-wall  at  Saint  Augustine,  including  the~| 
transfer  of  the  sum  of  $1,133.04,  being  a  balance  remaining  ! 
in  agent's  hands  of  an  appropriation  for  the  repairs  of  Fort  [ 

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Saint  Joint's  Hirer. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  river  Saint  John,  Florida  <. 

I 
For  improvement  of  the  mouth  of  the  Saint  John's  River  
For  .the  improvement  of  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  Saint  ( 
John's  River... 

For  dredging  the  bar  at  the  month  of  Saint  John's  River  
For  the  improvement  of  Saint  John's  Rivex  } 

For  continuing  the  improvement  at  the  mouth  of  the  Saint  I 
John's  River,  Florida,  or  may  be  used  for  dredging  out  the< 
inside  passage  between  the  Saint  John's  and  Nassau  Inlet  ..  ( 
For  deepeirng  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  Saint  John's  River  .  . 

132 


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Volusia  Bar. 
For  improving  Volusia  Bar,  Florida  ) 

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ff'ithlacooche  Hirer. 
For  improving  Withlacooche  River,  in  Florida  

Yellow  Birer. 

For  the  survey  of  Yellow  River,  Florida,  to  ascertain  the  prac-  f 
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Altamaha  Biver. 
For  improving  Altamaha  River,  Georgia  

Bmmntnck  Harbor." 
For  the  removal  of  the  Brunswick  Bar,  with  the  view  of  im-  ( 
nrovinsr  the  harbor  of  Brunswick  ..  .  .  ) 

*>rf 

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For  improving  Brunswick  Harbor,  Georgia  < 

Total  .. 

Cliatlahoochie  and  Flint  Rivers. 
Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Florida.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Couna  Hirer. 
(  ;eorgia  and  Alabama.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Cumberland  Sound. 
Georgia  and  Florida.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Durien  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Darieu,  Ga  

Klotrah  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Etowah  River,  Georgia  ? 

Total  

Balance  .. 

Flint  Hiver. 
For  improving  Flint  River,  Georgia  5 

For  continuing  improvement  ;  of  which  sum  $10,000  shall  be 
expended  below  Albany,  and  |10,000  between  Albany  and 
Montezuma  .  . 

For  improving  Flint  River  
Total  

Ockmulgee  Biver.  ( 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Ockmulgee  River,  Georgia  ......  { 

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134 


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Galena  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  Galena  River,  Illinois,  making  a  chan- 
nel of  100  feet  width,  and  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of 

For  improving  Galena  River  and  harbor  < 
Total  . 

Illinois  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Illinois  River..  < 

J 

>*i\<  7«rer. 
I'liuois  and  Kentucky.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

yisxiisippi  River. 
Illinois,  Arkansas,  Iowa,  Kentucky,  Louisiana,  Minnesota,  Mis- 
sissippi, Missouri,  Tennessee,  and  Wisconsin.  See  "Miscel- 
laneous," past. 

Juiiicy  Hay. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"  post. 

toik  Island  JIarbor. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"  post. 

lock  Island  Rapids. 
See  "  Mississippi  River,"  post. 

Fdbaxh  River. 
Illinois  and  Indiana.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

I'attkegan  Harbor. 
For  improvement  of  the  harbor  and  breakwater  at  Waukegan,  ) 

For  harbor  at  Waukegan,  111.  :  Provided,  That  this  sum  shall 
not  be  expended  until  a  board  of  three  engineers  shall  have 
been  convened  and  selected  the  site,  and  until  the  same  and 
a  free  right  of  way  to  all  points  of  the  harbor  shall  have  been 
transt'erred  or  relinquished  free  of  cost  to  the  United  States.. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Waukegan  

Total  

Balance  .. 

INDIANA. 

Michigan  City  Harbor: 
For  the  construction  of  a  harbor  at  Michigan  City  according  to 
the  plan  reported  to  the  War  Deuartuient.  . 

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For  continuing  improvement,  of  which  sum  $100,000  sb 
expended  on  locks  and  dams,  and  $10,000  for  dredging 
For  iirmrnvinc'  Tllinoia  River  ._ 

0 

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! 

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cc 

S.  Ex.  196 18 


138 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HAIIBORS. 


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j^ 

For  improving  outside  harbor,  continuing  operations;  to  be< 
used  and  expended  in  improving  the  harbor  ) 

For  continuing  operations  at  outside  harbor;  for  continuing) 
improvement  on  the  inner  harbor  ^ 

Total  . 

.  *  

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Michigan  City  Harbor—  Continued. 
For  continuing  the  construction  of  a  harbor  at  Michigan  City, 

Tnrt  .  .  ' 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Michigan 
City,  Ind.,  or  the  laying  down  of  a  floating  breakwater  and. 
safety  anchorage,  as  the  Secretary  of  War  may  determine.. 

To  pay  John  R.  Bomes  for  services  as  agent  

For  constructing  works  and  improving  the  entrance  into  the 
harbor  of  Michigan  City,  Ind.,  $75,000:  I'rontled,  Thai  it 
shall  first  be  shown  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretary  of 
War  that  a  sum  equal  to  double  the  amount  aforesaid  has 
been  expended  by  the  Michigan  City  Harbor  Company  in 
the  construction  of  a  sale  and  convenient  harbor  at  dial, 
place:  And  provided,  That  the  pass-ige  of  vessels  to  and  from 
said  harbor  shall  be  free  and  not  subject  to  toll  or  charge..  .  , 

For  improvement  of  Michigan  Citv  Harbor  , 

• 

For  the  improvement  of  harbor,  $75,000;  of  which  sum  $25,000 
shall  be  expended  for  the  improvement  of  the  inner  harbor.  . 
For  imnrovinfr  luirbor. 

OAio  ffiver. 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Kentucky,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  and  West 
Virginia.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  pout. 

tl'abash  River. 
Indiana  and  Illinois.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

White  Rirer. 
For  improving  White  River,  Indiana,  from  the  Wabash  River' 
to  Porteravflle,  and  to  the  falls  on  West  Fork,  according  to 
report  of  Chief  of  Engineers,  without  constructing  locks  and 
dams  . 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


139 


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River,"  pout. 

KENTUCKY. 
Bis  Sandv  River  from  Catlt 

ig  Sandy  River  from  Catlettsh 
of  which  sum  foO,000  shall 
in  of  works  at  Louisa,  accord 
IVilliam  E.  Merrill,  major  of 
dated  August  12,  1879,  and  i 
ent  of  the  iiDDer  river.  .  . 

lig  Sandy  River  from  Catlettsl 
of  which  sum  $46,000  shall  be  ei 
he  continuation  of  works  on 

ennessee.  See  "Miscellaneon 

le  Kentucky  River  from  the 
ng  to  estimate  and  report  of 
ry  14,  1879... 

Burlington  Harbor. 
See  "Missisaipp 

Den  3fomef  and  Iowa 
For  the  survev  o 

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Kentucky  and  T 

Kentur'.-y  River. 
F»r  improving  t 
Forks,  accordi 
Merrill,  Jauua 

140 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Kentucky  River  —  Continued. 
For  improving  Kentucky  River  from 

Total... 

blip           |       1       0s-      ^      *     <i      .5 

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Louisiana  and  Arkansas.  See  "Mis 

Bay  OH  niack. 
For  improving  Bayou  Black,  in  Lou 

Balance  .. 

Bayou  Hceuf. 
For  improving  Bayou  Boeuf,  Louisia 

Total.. 

Bayou  Courtableau. 
For  improving  Bayou  Courtablean,  i 
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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


141 


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Bayou  La  Fourche. 

For  a  survey  in  reference  to  the  removal  of  obstructions  to  the) 
navigation  of  Bayou  La  Fourche,  Louisiana  i 

For  removing  obstructions  in  Bayou  La  Fourche,  including  re-  I 
moval  of  obstructions  and  deepening  of  channel  1 

Total  .  . 

Balance  .. 

NOTE.—  The  act  of  March  3,  1881,  provides,  "That  of  the  amount  now  avail- 
able for  the  improvement  of  Bayou  La  Fourche,  the  sum  of  $500,  or  so 
much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  shall  he  expended  in  the  removal  of  brick 
pier  at  Donaldson  ville." 

Bayou  Techf. 
For  making  a  survey  of  the  entrance  of  the  river  Teche,  with  ) 
a  view  to  improve  and  shorten  the  navigation  of  the  same,  > 
and  an  estimate  of  the  cost  of  such  improvements  ) 
The  act  of  March  5,  1870,  provides,  "That  the  Secretary  of  War 
be,  and  he  is  hereby,  instructed  to  cause  a  survey  and  esti- 
mates of  cost  of  removing  obstructions  from  and  improving 
the  navigation  of  the  Bayou  Teche,  in  the  State  of  Louisiana-  .  . 

For  improving  Bayou  Teche,  from  Saint  Martinsville  to  Port  ( 
Barro.  La  .  .  .  .  > 

J~t 

2 
o 

bO 
1 

isiana  

pleting  improvement  

1 
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Balance  .  . 

Calauieu  Pass. 
For  the  improvement  of  Calcasien  Pass,  in  the  State  of< 

Louisiana  j 

Calcasie.u  River. 
For  improving  Calcasieu  River,  Louisiana,  from  Phillips  Bluff 
to  its  mouth  

Balance  .. 

Chi  f  uncle  River. 
For  removing  the  wreck  of  the  gunboat  Oregon,  in  the  Chi-) 

"  ( 
For  improving  Chifunote  River,  Louisiana  

Total  .. 

Balance  

For  improving  Bayou  Teche  by  connt 
Lake  at  Charentou.  La.  . 

I 

S 

a 
1 

Bayon  Terrebonne. 
For  improving  Bayou  Terrebonne,  Lou 
For  improving  Bayou  Terrebonne,  com 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Cypreii  Bayou. 
Louisiana  and  Texas.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Lake  Ponchartrain  Harbor. 

For  the  construction  of  a  harbor  on  Lake  Ponchartrain,  near  1 
the  citv  of  New  Orleans,  La  1 

/ 

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• 
1 

Mississippi  Rirer. 
Louisiana  and  Mississippi.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

fftw  Orleann  Harbor. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"'po«f. 

Ouachita  River. 
Louisiana  and  Arkansas.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Ued  River. 
Louisiana,  Arkansas,  and  Texas.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  pott. 

Tanyipakoa  River. 

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For  improving  Tickfaw  River,  Louisiana  

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Fermi/Hon  Riper. 
For  improving  Vermillion  River,  Louisiana  \ 

3 

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Balance  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


143 


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\ 

I'ur  tin'  improvement  of  Machias  River,  Maine  < 
Total  

Matinicus  Island,  Breakwater. 

For  a  survey  in  reference  to  the  construction  of  a  breakwater  J 
on  the  eastern  side  of  the  island  of  Matiuicus  | 

Total  . 

Moosabec  Bar. 
For  improving  Moosabec  Bar  at  Jonesport,  Me  

Narraguagus  River. 
( 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Narraguagus  River,  Maine  < 

—  / 

1 
t 

OwPa  Head  Harbor. 
For  the  survey  of  a  ledge  near  Owl's  Head  Harbor  to  determine 
the  expediency  of  erecting  thereon  a  breakwater  to  improve 
said  harbor.  .. 

t— 

For  a  breakwater  at  Owl's  Head,  or  at  Rockland  Harbor,  in  J 
Maine,  as  the  Departmcut  of  War  shall  decide  j 

To  pay  A.  and  E.  G.  Colby  a  balance  due  on  their  contract  for 
constructing  a  breakwater  at  Owl's  Head  Harbor  

Total  .. 

Penobscot  River. 
For  surveying  the  ship-channel  of  Penobscot  River,  from  ^ 
AVhitehead  to  Bangor,  and  ascertaining  the  cost  of  imjjrov-  1 
iug  the  navigation  of  the  same,  and  proper  sites  for  spindles  f 
and  buoys  J 

For  improvement  of  the  Penobscot  River  at  Baugor  and  be-S 
low  .. 

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For  the  improvement  of  the  Penobscot  River,  Maine  1 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Penobscot  River,  $25,000  ;  and  out  f 
of  this  appropriation  $10.000  shall  be  expended  at  or  near  > 

TJ,,,,1-,  „*  AT,,,,.  I 

For  the  improvement  of  Penobscot  River,  $10,000;  $4,000  of) 
which  shall  be  expended  at  or  near  the  "Narrows"  in  said  > 

•  "  4-  11  1-  +•  \ 

i! 

For  improving  Penobscot  River,  of  whic 
thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  shall  IJL 
Ilic  narrows  in  said  river  at  Buckaport 
For  improving  Penobscot  River  

Total  

146 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Pisoataqua  River. 
For  making  a  survey  to  ascertain  the  practicability  and  utility 
of  removing  obstructions  to  navigation  in  Piscataqua  River, 
and  the  expense  of  effecting  the  same  
For  removing  obstructions  in  the  Berwick  branch  of  the  Piscat- 
amin.  "River 

For  making  a  surrey  of  Cocheco  Branch  of  Piscataqua  River,  ^ 
from  Dover  Falls  to  its  confluence  with  the  Piscataqna,  for  [ 
the  purpose  of  ascertaining  the  practicability  of  removing  t 
obstructions  to  navigation  and  the  cost  J 
For  removing  obstructions  in  the  Berwick  Branch  of  the  Pis- 
cataqua River  

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Portland  Harbor. 
For  erecting  a  breakwater  on  Stanford  Ledge  in  Portland  Har- 
bor, according  to  the  plan  reported  by  John  Anderson,  of  the 
Engineer  Corps  

For  continuing  the  breakwater  on  Stanford's  Ledge,  Portland  I 
Harbor.  Maine...  .-  1 

I 

For  extending  the  breakwater  at  Portland  Harbor  ) 

I 
For  improvement  of  Portland  Harbor  / 

For  the  improvement  of  Portland  Harbor  and  Back  Bay,  Maine, 
f 

For  the  improvement  of  Portland  Harbor,  Maine  

- 

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I 

£tcAmond  Harbor. 
For  improving  Richmond  Harbor,  Kennebec  River,  Maine;  of"> 
which  sum  g(i,000  shall  be  expended  for  wing  dams  and 
dredging  at  the  head  of  Swan's  Island  and  at  Hatch's  Rock,  \ 
and  $4,000  in  dredging  and  deepening  the  channel  at  the 
foot  of  Swan's  Island  .. 

^ 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


147 


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tucket  Harbor  in  18H2  .  . 

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For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  New  Bedford  < 
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destroyed  . 

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Alpma  Harbor  —  Thunder  Bay. 
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Au  Sable  River. 
For  improving  mouth  of  Au  Sable  River,  Lake  Huron  <  . 

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Ontonagon  Harbor. 
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tluth  Harbor. 
For  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Dnlnth,  M 
For  the  improvement  of  Duluth  Harbor,  Mir 
That  no  part  of  said  sum  shall  be  expended 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  entr 

harhnr  of  T)illllth  - 

For  dredging  the  inside  harbor  at  Dulnth  .  .  . 
i 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  harbor  of 
Total  . 

NOTB.  —  For  the  expenditure  of  an  appropriation  of  $100 
3,  1873  (17  Statutes,  560),  "For  the  purpose  of  dre 
Superior  from  the  natural  entrance  to  the  docks  of 
and  preserving  both  entrances  from  the  hike  thereto." 
Wisconsin,"  pogt. 

and  Marais  Harbor. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Grand  Marais,  Minn 

4 

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'ekers  Island,  lock  and  dam. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"  post. 

nnesota  River. 

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Riv«r 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Minnesota  River 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Minnesota  River, 
vided,  That  one-half  of  said  sum  shall  be  ex 
the  month  of  the  Yellow  Medicine  and  Mil 
saul  rivfil* 

For  the  survey  or  improvement  of  the  Minues 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Minnesota  River 

Total  .. 

ssissippi  Ewer. 
Minnesota  and  Wisconsin.  See  "  Miscellaneo 

d  River  of  the  North. 
Minnesota  and  Dakota.  See  "Miscellaneous, 

int  Anthony's  Falls. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"  post. 

int  Croix  River. 
Minnesota  and  Wisconsin.  See  "Miscellaneo 

Q 

s    s                                  s   «   4   ji 

S.  Ex.  196 22 


170 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Pearl  Rirer. 
For  improving  Pearl  River,  Mississippi,  from  Jackson  to  $ 
Carthage  ..  ..  ) 

For  improving  Tallahatchie  River,  of  which  $4,000  shall  be  ex- 
pended below  Coldwater,  and  $5,000  between  the  mouth  of 
Coldwater  and  Batesville  .  . 

For  improving  Tallahatcbie  River,  of  which  f2,000  shall  be< 
expended  above  the  mouth  of  Coldwater  River  to  Batesville.  \ 

Total  

TcAnto  iaA-c. 
For  improving  Tchula  Lake,  Mississippi  ,  < 

Total  - 

Tombigbev  and  Black  Warrior  Rirers. 
Mississippi  and  Alabama.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  poit. 

Picksbury  Harbor. 
Mississippi  River.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Tallabusha  River. 
Vnr  improving  Yallabusha  River,  Mississippi  < 

Total  .. 

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MISSOURI 
Btacfc  ^it'er. 
Missouri  and  Arkansas.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Cuivre  River. 
For  improving  Cuivre  River  from  mouth  to  Chain  of  Rocks,  ( 
and  removing  snags  and  obstructions  \ 

Total  .. 

Current  R\vert 
Missouri  and  Arkansas.  S\e«  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Tazoo  Rirer. 
For  improvement  of  Tazoo  River.  Misaissinm... 

For  improving  Pearl  River  below  Jackson  
For  improving  Pearl  River  from  Jackson  to  Carthage 
For  improving  Pearl  River  below  Jackson  

Total  

Balance  

Tallahatchie  River. 
For  improvinc  Tallahatchie  River.  Mississippi.  . 

172 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVEKS  AND  HARBORS. 


.  —  Continued. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Gasconade  Rirer. 
For  improving  Gasconade  River,  Missouri;  removing  snaga  ..  j 

Total  .  

.Mississippi  Rirer. 
Missouri  and  Illinois.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Mitsissippi  and  Missouri  Rivers. 
Missouri  and  Illinois.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Missouri  River. 
Missouri,  Kansas,  and  Nebraska.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  pott. 

0*agr  Hirer. 
Missouri  and  Kansas.  See  "  Miscellaneous."  post. 

finint  /.OKI'S  Harbor. 
Mississippi  River.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

ll'iiite,  mack,  and  Saint  Francis  Rivers. 
Missouri  and  Arkansas.  See  "Miscellaneou8,"po«(. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 
Cocheco  Rirer. 
For  deepening  the  channel  of  the  Cocheco  branch  of  the  Piscat- 
aqua  River,  leading  into  Dover  Harbor  
For  completing  the  channel  of  the  Cocheco  branch  of  the  Pis-  ( 

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Total  .. 

Exeter  River. 
For  improving  Exetor  River,  New  Hampshire  
For  improving  Exeter  River,  $15,0(10,  of  which  not  exceeding 
$750  shall  be  available  immediately,  to  be  used  in  acquiring 
t  itle  to  land  used  in  the  cut-oft'  at  "Ox  Bow  "  

Tntnl 

Lamprey  River. 
Fur  improving  Lamprey  River,  New  Hampshire,  below  New  < 
Market  ) 

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For  completing  piers  at  Buffalo  Harbor,  New  York  
For  completing  the  pier  at  the  mouth  of  Buffalo  Harbor  < 

"For  eomnlfttinpf  the  works  n.t  Buffalo  .. 

I 

For  continuing  the  works  at  Burlalo  Harbor,  and  for  erecting  "I 
a  mound  or  sea-wall  along  the  peninsula  which  separates  { 
Lake  Erie  from  Buffalo  Creek  to  prevent  the  iullux  at  the  ( 

For  continuation  and  enlargement  of  the  present  harbor  at< 
Buffalo  ..  ) 

For  repairiug-  the  sea-wall  at  the  harbor  of  Buffalo  
For  sftn,-  wall  at  Buffalo  Creek"  •  < 

To  Isaac  S.  Smith,  iu  full  for  his  account  for  care  and  charge  "l 
of  the  public  property  at  the  city  of  Buffalo,  up  to  the  30th  [ 
day  of  April,  1^53,  under  the  direction  of  the,  Topographical  f 

For  repairs  and  completion  of  sea-wall  at  Buffalo  < 

For  completiug  the  sea-wall  at  Buffalo  Harbor  

i 
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For  the  improvement  of  Buffalo  Harbor,  and  the  unexpended  1 
balance  heretofore  appropriated  for  building  sea-wall  at  > 

For  the  improvement  of  Buffalo  Harbor  < 

For  the  purpose  of  dredging  and  protecting  the  navigable  chan- 
nel at  the  mouth  of  Buffalo  River,  and  of  removing  the  sand- 
bar formed  by  the  great  gale  of  December  last  at  that  point. 
Said  sum  to  be  available  upon  the  passage  of  this  act  
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Buffalo;  and 
the  Secretary  of  War  is  authorized  to  remove  and  prevent  the 
accumulal  ions  of  sand  at  the  entrance  to  said  harbor,  provided 
the  same  can  be  done  without  expense  or  liability  against  the 
TTnitefl  States 

For  tlle  improvement  of  the,  harbor  at  Buffalo,  $100,000;  aucl°\ 
out  of  this  appropriation  the  Chief  of  Engineers  may  pay 
Daniel  E.  Bailey  the  sum  of  :jj;J3,387.76  for  work  done  by  him  \ 
upon  such  improvement  iu  1873  and  1874,  and  lor  which  he 
has  not  been  paid  in  full  satisfaction  thereof  ) 

( 

\ 

For  the  i  mprovement  of  the  harbor  at  Buffalo  < 

I 
Total  .. 

5 
£ 

temnilk  Channel. 
For  improving  Buttermilk  Channel,  New  York  < 

Total  

Balance  

S.  Ex.  190 23 


178 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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For  improving  the  harbor  at  the  month  of  Cattaraugus  Creek, 
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mouth  of  the  Geuesee  River,  Lake  Ontario  
[ 

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For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Genesee  River  < 
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Delaware  Kivrr. 
New  York  and  Pennsylvania.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Dunkirk  Harbor. 
For  erecting  a  pier  by  contract  at  the  month  of  Dunkirk  Har- 
bor, in  the  St,n,t,e  of  New  York 

For  completing  the  erection  of  piers  at  the  mouth  of  Dunkirk  S 
Harbor  

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For  arrearage  due  for  materials  delivered  to  the  works  

For  securing  and  completing  the  works  at  Dunkirk  Harbor  .  .  J 

For  contiuuing  the  improvements  at  Dunkirk  Harbor  
For  extending  and  completing  the  pier  or  breakwater  in  front 
of  Dunkirk  Harbor  

For  filling  up  with  stone  three  hundred  and  tifty-two  yards  of 
the  outer  nier  or  breakwater  .  _ 

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For  continuing  the  improvement  at  Dunkirk  Harbor  4 

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For  continuation  of  the  works  at  Dunkirk  < 

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For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Dunkirk.  .  .  < 

( 

For  the  improvement  of  Dunkirk  Harbor  <, 

) 
i 

For  removing  the  debris  of  the  old  breakwater  

f 

For  the  improvement  of  Dunkirk  Harbor  < 

( 
Total  . 

East  Chester  Creek.  f 
For  the  improvement  of  East  Chester  Creek,  New  York  { 

.  ( 

Total.  . 

Balance  

180 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Oenoral  object  (tit)e  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

East  Hirer  and  Hell  Gate. 
Forfnrther  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  New  York  by  removing 
the  rocks  at  Hell  Gate  and  Diamond  Reef,  in  the  East  River  .. 
For  removing  obstructions  in  East  River,  including  Hell  Gate.. 

For  improvement  of  the  East  River,  including  Hell  Gate  j 

For  the  removal  of  obstructions  in  the  East  River,  including) 
Hell  Gate  .  . 

J 

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1 

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Echo  Harbor. 
For  i  mproviug  Echo  Harbor,  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y  < 

For  improving  harbor  of  New  Rochelle  
Total.. 

Balance  

Bay. 
in  proving  Flushing  Bav,  Xew  York  
mproving  Flushing  Bay:  J'roriHed,  That  in  the  judgment 
the  engineer  in  charge  this  expenditure  can  be  made  without 
ious  detriment  to  property  interests  on  the  Newtown  side., 
mnrovinir  Flushing  Bav.. 

D 

1 

Gentsee  River. 
•  Charlotte  Harbor,"  ante. 

GowanuH  Bay. 
For  deepening  and  widening  the  Qhannel  in  Gowanus  Bay  and 
the  harbor  of  New  York  .  . 

For  continvling  the  improvement  by  removing  obstructions  in 
the  East  and  Harlem  Rivers,  at  or  near  Hell  Gate  

. 

For  removing  obstructions  in  the  East  River  and  Hell  Gate  .. 

For  the  removal  of  obstructions  in  East  River,  Hell  Gate,  the 
same  to  be  expended  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  o; 
War.  and  to  be  immediately  available  .  . 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


181 


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Great  Sodus  Bay. 
For  removing  obstructions  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbor  at  Big 

For  removing  obstructions  at  the  mouth  of  Big  Sodus  Bay  .  .  .  < 

For  continuing  the  improvements  at  Big  Sodus  Bay  

For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Sodus  Bay  < 

f 

For  improvement  at  Big  Sodus  Bay  Harbor  
Fnr  imnroviTity  harbor  of  Ri<r  Snilns  Rav 

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tions  ..  .  .  ) 

I 

Harlem  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  Hnrlem  River,  New  York  
For  the  improvement  of  Harlem  River,  but  not  to  be  available 
until  the  right  of  way  for  this  work  is  secured  to  the  United 
States  free  of  cost  .  . 

For  improving  Harlem  River.  $100,000;  but  this  appropriation 
is  made  subject  to  the  provisions  and  limitations  contained 
in  the  act  of  Juue  18,  1H78,  relating  to  said  Harlem  River  im- 
provement and  the  right  of  way  therefor  

Total.. 

Balance  .. 

Hudson  Hirer. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Hudson  River,  ~) 
New  York,  and  the  removal  of  obstructions  therein,  accord-  ! 
ing  to  the  plan  submitted  to  the  House  of  Representatives  f 
by  the  Department  of  War,  under  date  of  March  30,  1832...  ) 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Hud-  I 
son  River  above  and  below  Albany  \ 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Hnd-  I 
son  River  above  and  below  Albany,  and  not  above  Troy  1 

182 


APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVEES  AND  HAEBOES. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 
Hudvon  A'irer  —  Continued. 

\             w 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  Hudson  River,  and  ont 
of  this  appropriation  the  snm  of  $7,462  may  be  paid  by  the 
Chief  of  Engineers  to  Emory  R.  Seward,  in  full  payment  for 
work  done  by  him  in  removing  the  overslaugh  rock  in  the 
Hudson  River,  under  his  contract  nindivin  1870  .  - 

1 

Balance  .  . 

Huntinflton  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement,  of  Hnutington  Harbor,  Long  Island,  New 
York  

Little  Sodus  Bay. 
For  the  improvement  of  Little  Sodus  Bay  Harbor,  Fairhaven, 
in  Cavuira  Couutv.  New  York  .  . 

I                       Jl 

For  improvement  of  navigation  of  Hudson  River  
For  improvement  of  Hudson  River  from  Troy  to  Baltimore  —  • 

For  improvement  of  the  Hudson  River  • 

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For  improvement  of  Little  Sodus  Harbor,  New  York  < 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


183 


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Tntal 

Newtovm  Creek. 
For  improving  Newtown  Creek,  New  York  

Ifiagara  Kivei-. 
For  improving  Niagara  Eiver,  New  York  ) 

Tntal 

Oak  Orchard  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  the  mouth  of  Oak  Orchard 
Creek,  on  Lake  Ontario,  according  to  the  plan  thereof  made 
by  Joseph  G.  Swift,  civil  engineer  
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  the  mouth  of  < 
Oak  Omluiril  fln-pK-  ) 

For  the  continuation  of  the  work  at  Oak  Orchard  Creek  < 
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Oak  Orchard  I 

flrenlt  .  .  1 

• 
For  the  improvement  of  Oak  Orchard  Harbor,  New  York  - 

"a 
1 

Ogdenaburg  Harbor. 

For  a  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Ogdensburg,  New  York,  with  1 
reference  to  its  improvement..  ..  i 

I 
For  the  improvement  of  Ogdensburg  Harbor,  New  York  { 

Total  

184 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

— 

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i 
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Oncego  Harbor. 
For  making  a  survey  and  examination  of  the  southern  shore  1 
of  Lake  Ontario,  New  York,  between  Genesee  and  Oswego 
Rivers,  with  a  view  to  the  improvement  of  the  most  accessi-  > 
ble  and  commodious  harbors  on  the  frontier,  by  ereetiug  | 
piers  or  other  works,  and  estimates  of  the  costs  of  the  same.  ) 
For  making  a  survey  of  Oswego  Bay  and  Harbor,  for  ascertain- 
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For  repairing  the  (liininges  sustained  by  the  piers  under  con-  ) 
struction  at  the  mouth  of  Oswego  Eiver,  from  a  severe  gale  > 

For  completing  piers  at  Osw«go,  New  York  } 

For  pt-curing  the  works  of  Oswego  Harbor,  New  York,  by  a 

For  claim  of  contractors  for  losses  by  storms  in  1823  
For  balance  due  contractors  for  said  piers  

For  completing  the  pier  and  mole  at  Oswego,  N.  Y  J 
For  continuing  and  securing  the  works  at  Oswego  Harbor  -  --  < 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


185 


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186 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  t&c.  —  Continued. 

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Plattiburg  Harbor—  Continued. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Plattsburg,  for  dredging  j 

Total 

Port  Chester  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  and  removal  of  rocks  in  Port  Chester  < 
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Port  Jefferson  Harbor. 
For  a  survey  of  the  harbor  of  Port  Jeft'erson,  N.  Y.,  with  refer-  ( 

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j 

Portland  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Portland,  on  Lake  Erie, 
N«w  York  .  . 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Portland  -  { 

To  pay  Gervis  Foote  for  stone  delivered  in  1838-1839  \ 

3 
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Port  Ontario  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  the  month  of  Salmon 
River,  on  Lake  Ontario,  according  to  the  several  plans  of  said 
harbor,  submitted  through  the  Department  of  War  

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Salmon  J 
River,  Lake  Ontario,  New  York  ] 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  IIAR15ORS. 


187 


188 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Sandy  Hook  Channel  —  Continued. 
For  removing  the  sunken  wreck  which  now  obstructs  thej 
channel  way  off  Sandy  Hook.. 

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Sheepthead  Say. 
For  improving  Sheepshead  Bay,  New  York  j 

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Staten  Inland  Ice-breaker. 
For  building  an  ice-breaker  on  Staten  Island,  New  York  •; 

I 

Total  . 

Sumpairamns  Inlet. 
For  improving  Snmpawamus  Inlet,  New  York  

Tioonderoga  Birer. 
For  improving  Ticonderoga  River,  New  York  

Waddington  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  Waddington  Harbor,  New  York  I 

Total.. 

JPWenall  Harbor. 
V.,r  improving  tho  entrance  of  Whitehall  Harbor,  on  Lake 
('hamplain  .. 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Whitehall  S 
in  the  State  of  New  York  '< 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


189 


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191 


33    § 


192 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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removing  bars  or  obstructions  in  the  same,  and  an  estimate  > 

»•* 

1     1 

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PcrquimoMs  River. 
For  the  improvement  of  Perquimons  River,  North  Carolina  

Roanoke  Rirer. 

Fox  the  improvement  of  the  Roanoke  River  below  Weldon,  I 
North  Carolina  '.  j 

Total  

Scuppernong  River. 
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—  -* 

1 

Totrn  Creek. 
For  improving  Town  Creek,  North  Carolina  

Balance  .. 

Trent  River. 
For  improving  Trent  River,  North  Carolina  < 

Total  . 

ITacccmair  Rirer. 
North  Carolina  and  South  Carolina.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Washington  Harbor. 

For  completing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Washington,  S 
North  Carolina  .  .  .  .  \ 

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For  improving  Yadkin  River,  |6,000  of  which  may  be  expended 
for  the  removal  of  dams.  .  . 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


193 


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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Black  Rivtr  Harbor—  Continued. 
For  improvement  of  Black  River  Harbor  

For  repair  of  piers  at  mouth  of  Black  River  
For  completing  improvement  of  harbor  of  Black  River  

For  improving  harbor  of  Black  River  

Total 

1 

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Otacinnati  —  Ice  Harbor. 
For  the  construction  of  a  harbor  or  harbors  of  refuge,  at  or  near 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  to  protect  the  commerce  of  the  Ohio  River 
from  floes  of  ice,  to  be  expended  under  the  direction  and  con- 
trol of  the  Engineer  Crfrps  of  the  Army  
For  ice  harbor  at  or  near  Cincinnati,  the  sum  appropriated  by  ) 
act  of  June  18,  1878,  is  hereby  declared  available  for  the  en-  > 

•X 

1  3 
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Cleveland  Harbor. 
For  improving  Cleveland  Harbor,  in  the  State  of  Ohio  < 

For  completing  the  improvements  of  Cleveland  Harbor  I 

For  coutiuuing  permanent  improvement  of  Cleveland  Harbor.. 
For  removing  obstructions  at  Cleveland  Harbor  

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  Cleveland  Harbor  ; 

f 
For  the  continoation  of  the  works  at  the  harbor  of  Cleveland.  { 

'  ( 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  II ARMORS. 


195 


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To  remove  obstructions  at  the  mouth  of  Grand  River,  Ohio  ..  j 

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Grand  River  ', 

I 
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To  remove  obstructions  in  Huron  River,  Ohio  < 

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Huron  River  ) 

For  extending  and  securing  the  works  at  Huron  River  5 
1 

ditures  for  rivers  and  harbors.  &c.  —  Continued. 


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ester  Creel: 
For  improving  Chester  Creek.  Pennsylvania  

;xler  Harbor. 
To  defray  the  expense  of  a  survey  of  the  public  piers  at  ChesO 
ter,  in  the  river  Delaware,  in  order  to  determine  the  ex-  [ 
pediency  of  accepting  the  cession  thereof  made  by  the  State  f 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  tlie  expense  of  repairing  the  same  j 
For  reiijiirs  fit  the  harbor  of  Chester.  .. 

For  continuing  the  repairs  at  the  harbor  of  Chester  

For  the  repairs  of  the  works  at  the  harbor  of  Chester,  on  the  J 
T)t*laivaiv  IMvrr  --  ^ 

I 

For  the  improvement  of  Chester  Harbor  < 

For  the  construction  of  ice  harbor  at  Chester  < 
Total  .. 

aware  Hirer. 
Pennsylvania,  New  York,  Delaware,  and  New  Jersey.  See  "  Mis- 
cellaneous," post. 

e  Harbor  (formerly  Presqne  Isle). 
For  making  or  deepening  the  channel  leading  into  the  harbor  $ 

of  entrance 

of  entrance 
nse  of  work 
ated  by  any 

o 
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n 

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rbor  of  Presque  Isle  2 
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For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Presque  Isle 
according  to  Colonel  Totten's  recommendation  
For  repairing  breach  in  the  peninsula  at  Presqne  Isle  

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Presque  Isle< 

f 

For  continuation  of  the  works  at  the  harbor  of  Erie  (formerly  , 
PrfiKfiiift  TslftV  on  Tjfike,  Krie  .  __  1 

[ 

For  improvement  of  harbor  and  repair  of  public  works  at  Erie  . 

For  extending  the  pier  at  Erie  Harbor,  and  dredging  channel  I 
through  to  outer  bar  .  _  .  .  i 

0 

For  completing  the  works  for  deepening  the  chanue 
iiitn  flip  liii.i-bor  of  Presnne  Tale 

For  completing  the  works  and  deepening  the  channe 
into  the  harbor  of  Presque  Isle,  to  cover  the  expi 
done  and  to  be  done,  which  has  not  been  contemp 

J3 

o 

For  deepening  the  channel  of  entrance 
Presnim  Tsli- 

a 
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For  completing  the  improvement  of  the  ha 

For  filling  up  and  securing  a  breach  in  th( 
at  Presn  ue  Isle  .. 

q 
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S.  Ex.  196 20 


202 


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Marcus  HooTc  Harbor. 
For  repairing  the  piers  at  Marcus  Hook,  Pennsylvania,  for  ) 
filling  up  the  sluice  between  the  said  piers,  and  improving  > 
the  harbor  of  Marcus  Hook  by  the  removal  of  obstructions.  ) 
For  repairs  of  Government  wharves  and  landings,  and  improving 
harbor  at  Marcus  Hook,  on  Delaware  River:  Provided,  That 
before  expenses  shall  be  incurred  on  said  wharves  and  land- 
ings it  shall  be  shown  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretary  of 

S  -V-  ""                 '—  ^tM 

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scellaneous,"  post. 
e  '•'  Miscellaneous," 

For  improving  harbor  of  Marcus  Hook  
For  ice  harbor  at  Marcus  Hook  ;  commenc 

For  ice  harbor  at  Marcus  Hook  
Total  

1 
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1 
1 

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Jifonongahela  Biver. 
Pennsylvania  and  West  Virginia.  See  "Mi 

Ohio  Biver. 
Pennsylvania,  Ohio,  and  West  Virginia.  S« 
post. 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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See  "Erie  Harbor,"  ante. 

Schuylkill  River. 
For  clearing  and  buoying  the  channel  of  the  Schuylkill  RiverC 
at  its  mouth,  at  Gibson's  Point,  and  above  to  the  Chestnut.? 
street  bridge.  Phil.'Klchthia.  Pa  .  r 

For  clearing  and  improving  the  channel  of  the  Schuylkill  River 
from  its  mouth  to  the  Chestnut  street  bridge,  Philadelphia, 
of  which  sufficient  is  to  be  used  for  removing  the  rock  be- 
tween Locust  street  and  the  said  bridge  
For  the  improvement  of  the  channel  of  the  Schuylkill  River,  ) 
of  which  a  portion  shall  be  used  for  commencing  the  removal  > 
of  the  rocka  at  and  near  South  street  wharf  ) 

f 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  Schuylkill  River  { 
Total  

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Susquehainta  Hirer. 

For  improving  Susquehanna  River,  Pennsylvania,  from  Rich-S 
ard's  Island  up  .  .  .  .  j 

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3 

Youghiogkeny  River. 
See  "Surveys,"  post. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Block  Island  Harbor. 
r 

For  construction  of  breakwater  at  Block  Island,  Rhode  Island.  ? 

For  the  improvement  of  the  breakwater  at  Block  Island  
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Block  Island  5 

f 
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For  making  a  survey  and  examination  to  ascertain  the  expe-( 
diency  and  expense  of  ronsfructing  piers  to  improve  the  bar-  < 
bor  of  Church's  Cove,  in  the  town  of  Little  Compton,  R.  I..  ( 
For  a  breakwater  at  Church's  Cove  Harbor,  in  the  town  of  Lit- 
tle Honinton 

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Tof:il 

Litth'  \arragansttt  lint/. 
Khoile  Island  and  Connecticut.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

204 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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straightening  its  outlet  to  Winyah  Bay,  through  Mos 
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SK»iran'.<  Island. 
See  "Charleston  Harbor,"  o»/c. 

Totrn  Cr«7.  nuri  .S'fono  Tfircr. 
For  removing  obstructions  in  Town  Creek,  near  Charles 

R  1  • 

The  act  of  June  10,  1872,  provides,  "That  the  amount  oi 
appropriation  made  by  act  of  Congress,  approved  Jnl; 
1870,  for  removing  obstructions  in  Town  Creek,  near  Cha 
ton,  which  remains  unexpended,  is  hereby  appropriate 
remove  wrecks  and  obstructions  to  navigation  in  S 
River,  near  Church  Flats"  

Total  

WiacceHiaw  Hirer. 
South  Carolina  and  North  Carolina.  See  "Miscellaneous, 

Wappoo  Cut. 
For  improving  Wappoo  Cut,  South  Carolina  

Wateree  liiver. 
For  improving  Wateree  River,  South  Carolina  

TENNESSEE. 
Big  Hatckif  liiver. 

For  improving  Big  Hatchie  RLver,  Tennessee  
Total.. 

Caney  Fork  Hirer. 
For  improving  Caney  Fork  River,  Tennessee  

Total... 

Clinch.  River. 
For  improving  Clinch  River,  Tennessee;  of  which  $6,000 
be  expended  above  Haynes,  in  Claiborue  County,  and  ! 

For  improving  Clinch  River  

li 

CwmfcerZrtnd  Rirrr. 
Tennessee  and  Kentucky.  See  "  Miscellaneous,  "po«<. 

I 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


207 


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For  improving  Duck  River,  Tennessee  

Total  .. 

ich  Jiroad  River. 
Tennessee  and  North  Carolina.  See  "Miscellan 

nassee  River. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Hiawassee  River,  T< 

Total 

nphia  Harbor. 
See  "Mississippi  River,"  post. 

Bissippi  River. 
Tennessee  and  Arkansas.  See  ••Miscellaneous," 

fs  River. 
For  improving  Obed's  River,  Tennessee  

T 
"c 

River. 
For  improving  Red  River,  from  its  month  to 
Montgomery  County,  Tennessee  

iicssfe  River. 
Tennessee,  Kentucky,  and  Alabama.  See  "Misc< 

• 

TEXAS. 

nsas  I'ass  and  Bay. 
For  improving  Aransas  Pass  and  Bay  up  to  ] 
Corpus  C'hristi,  Texas;  which  sum  shall  be 
deepening  the  channel  across  the  outer  bar  of 
and  the  protection  of  the  head  of  Mustang  Isla 
That  if  the  expenditure  of  said  sum  in  the  man 
herein  involve  the  improvement  of  any  cha 
owned  or  controlled  by  any  corporation  or  pel 
right  to  levy  tolls  or  otherwise  to  affect  the  ni 
commerce  thereof,  no  part  of  said  sum  shall 
until  such  right,  ownership,  and  control  shall  h 
rendered  and  relinquished  to  the  United  State 
in  manner  and  form  to  be  approved  by  the  Sec 

Total  .. 

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For  removing  wrecks  and  other  obstructions  to 
Brazoz  Sautia"O.  Tex  .. 

For  improving  liarbor  at  Brazos  Santiago  

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208 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Bratoi  Santiago  Harbor  —  Continued. 
For  improving  bar  and  harbor  at  Brazos  Santiago  

Total  

Balance  ,  

Colorado  ftiver. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Colorado  River,  1 

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4 

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Texas  and  Louisiana.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Galveston  Harbor  and  Bay. 
For  improvement  of  Galveston  Harbor,  Texas  < 

For  the  improvement  of  bar  in  Galveston  Bay  
For  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Galvcston  
For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Galveston.... 

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For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Galveston  
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of  San  Jaeinto  River  to  Bolivar  Channel,  in  Galveston  Bay.  \ 
For  continuing  the  improvement  on  the  outer  bar  at  Galvestoii. 
For  the  continuing  of  the  work  on  the  ship  channel  in  Galves-  ) 
ton  Bay,  to  be  expended  between  Red  Fish  Bar  and  Mor-  > 
.,,,,,'..  T>^;.,t  V 

For  the  purpose  of  continuing  the  improvements  of  Galveston 
Harbor  .  .  . 

For  improving  entrance  to  Galveston  Harbor  
For  improvement  of  ship  channel  in  Galvestou  Bay,  between 
Bolivar  Channel  and  Red  Fish  Bar;  and  the  appropriation 
made  for  this  work  by  the  act  of  August  14,  1876,  is  hereby 
made  available  for  the  same  part  of  said  channel  
For  improving  entrance  to  Galvestou  Harbor  
The  act  of  March  3,  1879,  provides  "That,  in  consideration  of 
the  proposition  of  the  Buft'alo  Bayou  Ship  Channel  Company 
to  turn  over  their  work  at  Morgan's  Point,  and  to  surrender 
their  charter  granted  by  the  legislature  of  Texas,  and  the 
rights  accruing  thereunder,  to  the  United  States,  which 
proposition  is  now  on  file  in  the  War  Department,  and  is 
hereby  accepted  ;  the  government  hereby  adopts  the  line  sur- 
veyed from  the  cut  iu  Red  Fish  Bar  to  the  cut  in  Morgan's 
Point,  and  appropriates  therefor  $80,000  :  Provided,  That  no 
part  of  said  sum  shall  be  expended  until  said  Buffalo  Bayou 
Ship  Channel  Company  shall  lile  with  the  Secretary  of  War, 
iu  manner  and  form  to  he  by  him  approved,  their  acceptance 
of  this  provision  of  this  act"  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


209 


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For  improving  outer  bar,  Galvestou  Harbor,  continuing  opera- 
tions 

I 

Jl 

a 

ludiauola  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  Passo  Cavallo  Inlet  into  Matagorda  \ 

«„„  Tn,.«u  \ 

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>      •— 

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Matagorda  Bay. 
See  "  ludiauola  Harbor,"  an/f. 

Neches  Hirer. 
For  deepening  the  channel  at  the  mouth  of  the  Neches  River, 
Texas,  and  removing  obstructions  to  Beaumont  

.For  improving  mouth  of  Neches  River  < 
Total  

Passo  Cavallo  Inlet. 
See  "Illdiauoia  Harbor,"  a/ifc. 

Bed  River. 
Texas,  Arkansas,  and  Louisiana.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Bio  Grande  Hirer. 

For  the  protection  of  the  river  banks  at  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  S 
against  the  encroachments  of  the  Rio  Grande  ) 

For  protection  of  river  bank  at  Fort  Brown  
Total  

Sabine  Pass  and  Hay. 
For  the  improvement  of  Sabine  Pass,  Texas  < 

For  the  improvement  at  Sabine  Pass,  and  for  improvement  of  l 
Blue  Buck  Bar  and  Sabiue  Bay,  and  for  deepening  the  chan- 
nel over  the  bar  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sabine  River,  and  for  > 

N<D 

1     § 

Galvestoii  Bay,  contiu 

secure  a  channel  of  100  ft 
continuing  operations  a 

e»ton  Bay  

3  improvements  of  Galvc 

deepening  the  channel  over  the  bar  at  the  mouth  ot 
River  where  these  rivers  enter  Sabine  Bay  
For  improving  Sabine  Pass;  deepening  channel  at  the  e 

ami  lit  Rlnp,  Rnnk  Rfl,r  - 

For  deepening  channel  of  Sabine  Pass  and  at  Blue  Buck 
For  continuing  improvement  

Total  

Balance  

For  improving  the  ship  channel 

For  improving  Buffalo  Bayou,  to 
For  improviug  Galvestou  Harbor, 

fintur  linr 

For  improving  ship  channel,  Galv 
For  the  purpose  of  continuing  th 

Hnrl.nr 

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1    - 

S.  Ex.  196 27 


210 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

— 

28388 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

•  . 

Saline  Eiver. 

For  improving  narrows  of  Sabine  River  above  Orange,  Texas,  J 
and  to  deepen  the  channel  at  the  mouth  of  the  Sabiue  River.  ] 

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Surrey  of  rivers  and  harbors. 

For  surveys  of  the  harbors  at  Sabine,  Galveston,  Passo  Cavallo, 
Velasco',  Brazos  de  Santiago,  and  Corpus  Christi,  and  the< 

vi,  -..,•<  •..iliM...  nr-nrna  »n<l  Tpinif-.v 

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Trinity  Jlirer. 
For  the  survey  of  the  Trinity  River,  Texas,  including  the  bar) 

at  Uie  moutn  —  j 

For  deepening  the  channel  at  the  mouth  of  the  Trinity  Eiver, 
and  removing  obstructions  to  Liberty  

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For  continuing  operations  < 
Total  

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VERMONT. 
Burlingtnii  Harbor. 
For  building  a  breakwater  or  pier  at  the  harbor  of  Burlington, 
Vermont  

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Fur  continuing  the  construction  of  a  breakwater  at  Burling-  ) 
tmi  ^  ^  1 

I 

For  continuing  and  repairing  the  breakwater  at  Burlington..  < 

To  pay  Charles  L.  Nelson  for  services  as  agent  
For  extension  and  repair  of  breakwater  at  Burlington  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


211 


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212 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

—  ' 

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AppOJHOttox  Hirer  —  Continued. 
1 

J 

For  improving  Appomattox  River,  to  be  expended  on  the  im- 
pro  vemeut  of  the  river  and  harbor  at  Petersburg  

Total  

Archer's  Hope  Hirer. 
For  improving  Archer's  Hope  River,  Virginia  

Aquia  Creek. 
For  the  improvement  of  Aquia  Creek,  Virginia  J 
For  coiunletiiiir  the  improvement  . 

1 

° 

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filackwater  River. 
For  improving  Black  water  River,  Virginia  < 

, 
Total  

Balance  .. 

Chickahomini/  Kirer. 
( 

For  improving  Chickahominy  River,  Virginia  < 

—  > 

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H 

Balance  .. 

Z)an  /fifer. 
Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post, 

Elieabeth  Hirer. 
For  making  a  survey  of  Deep  Creek  or  branch  of  the  South  C 
Branch  of  Elizabeth  River,  for  the  purpose  of  improving  the< 
navigation  of  the  same,  and  an  estimate  of  the  cost  ( 

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214 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOB  EIVEES  AIJTD  HAEBOES. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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Qeneral  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

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Norfolk  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Norfolk,  Virginia  < 

For  improving  harbor  at  Norfolk  and  its  approaches  < 

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^orf/i  Landing  Sirer. 
Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  See  "  Miscellaneous,  "post. 

Nottoway  Hirer. 
For  improving  Nottoway  River,  Virginia  < 

'  Total  

Occoquan  Hirer. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  mouth  of  Occoquau  River,  Vir-  } 

<nili:i 

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For  completing  the  improvement  < 

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Onaiic'ocA'  Harbor. 
For  improving  Onancock  Harbor,  Virginia  
For  improving  harbor  at  Ouaucock;  continuing  improvement.. 

Total  

Pagan  Creek. 
For  improving  Pagan  Creek,  Virginia  5 

Total  . 


Balance  

NomOM  Creek. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  mouth  of  Nomoni  Creek,  Virginia.  , 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS 


HARBORS. 


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Pamunkey  River. 
For  improving  Pamunkey  River,  Virginia  } 

Total 

Potomac  River,  at  Mount  Vernon. 

For  dredging  a  channel  in  the  Potomac  River  through  the) 
flats  in  front  of  the  lauding  at  Mount  Vernou  } 

Total  

Rappahannock  River. 
For  a  survey  of  the  Rappabauuock  River,  Virginia  < 

I 
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Staimton  River. 
For  improving  Staunton  River,  Virginia  .  * 

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Totusky  River. 
For  improving  Totusky  River,  Virginia  < 

Total  .. 

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Vrbana  Creek. 
For  improving  Urbaua  Creek,  Virginia  < 

* 

1 

York  River. 
For  improving  York  River  at  West  Point,  Virginia  5 

Total  

0 

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216 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Statement  of  appropi 

General  object  (title  of  appropriation  ),  and  details  and  explanations. 

WASHINGTON  TERRITORY. 
Covilitz  Hirer. 

For  improving  Cowlitz  River,  Washington  Territory  < 

~ 

Skagit  River. 
For  improving  Skagit  River,  Washington  Territory  

WEST  VIRGINIA. 
.Elfc  Bitter. 

For  the  improvement  of  Elk  River,  West  Virginia  < 

«~ 

— 

NOTE.—  The  nit  of  March  3,  1879  (20  Statutes,  370),  provides,  "That  the  sum 
of  $5.000  appi  opriated  by  act  June  18,  1878  (20  Statutes,  157),  is  directed  to 
be  expi  iidt-il  in  tin-  removal  of  obstructions  to  open  navigation  from  Brax- 
tou  Court-Ilmisr  to  the  month  of  Big  Sandy  :  Provided,  however.  That  uot 
exceed  inu  $-r>t)o  thereof  may  be  expended  for  the  improvement  of  steamboat 
navigation  at  Jan  eft's  Ford,  but  in  no  way  to  obstruct  navigation  by  boats 
and  rafts." 

Great  Kaxatelia  Hirer.  ( 

—  •,  —  • 
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is 

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For  the  imiirovement  of  Ibe  Great  Kanawha  River,  including  "I 
the  imrchase  of,  and  full  payment  for,  sites  for  dams  and  [ 
loi-ks,  between  the  Great  Falls  and  the  Ohio  River,  not  ex-  ( 

eeeding  ^15,000  1 
For  improving  Great  Kanawha  River  

For  improving  Great  Kanawha  River  and  operation  of  works. 

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t 

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1 

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— 

NOTE.—  The  act  of  June  10,  1879  (21  Statutes,  8),  provides,  "That  such  parts 
of  the  moneys  heretofore  approprinted  by  the  actof  March  3,  1879  {'JO  Stat- 
utes, 364),  of  which  this  is  amendatory,  tor  the  improvement  of  the  Great 
Kanawha  River,  in  Wc»t  Virginia,  and  the  Kentucky  Hirer,  in  the  State 
of  Kentucky,  as  may  be  nect-Hsary  in  tho  pmecntaon  of  snid  improve- 
ments as  «mlrrl;)k«-n,  may  be  expended  in  tho  purchase,  voluntary  or  by 
condemnation,  as  the  ease  may  be,  of  such  sites  us  are  necessary  in  the 
prosecution  of  said  improvements:  ]>rorided,  That  such  expenditure  shall 
be  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War:  And  provided  further, 
That  if  the  owners  of  mich  lands  or  sites  shall  refuse  to  sell  the  same  at 
reasonable  prices,  then  tbe  prices  to  be,  paid  shall  be  determined  and  tin- 
title  and  .juiisdictioii  procured  in  the  manner  prescribed  by  the  laws  of 
the  State  in  which  mob  lands  or  sites  are  situated. 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


217 


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For  improving  (iiivandotto  River,  West  Virginia  ! 
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111 

MoHongahela  Biver. 
West  Virginia  and  Pennsylvania.  See  "Miscellaneous,"  pott. 

New  Biver. 
West  Virginia  and  Virginia.  See"  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Ohio  Biver. 
West  Virginia  aud  Ohio.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Shenandoah  Biver. 
For  improvinsrJShenandoah  River,  West  Virsrinia  .. 

llllt 

, 

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Chippewa  Biver. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Chippewa  River,  Wisconsin  J 

WISCONSIN. 
Ahnapee  Harbor. 

For  the  improvement  of  Ahnapee  Harbor,  Wisconsin  

Balance  

i—  Little  Jfanatcha  Kivcr. 
§  For  removal  of  Beaver  aud  Nailor  Bend  rocks,  and  for  clea 
out  snags  and  fallen  (.ICON  in  the  Little  Kauawha,  West 
giniii  
(l  For  improving,  dredging,  removing  obstructions,  aud  for  wi 
QO  dams,  if  required,  Little  Kanawha  River  
For  improving  Little  Kanawha  River,  building  additional 
and  dam  .  . 

For  improving  Little  Kanawha  River:  Provided,  That  no 
shall  be  collected  by  the  Little  Kanawha  Navigation  C 
pany  for  that  part  of  the  river  improved  by  the  general 
eminent... 

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Balance  .  . 

For  improving  Shenaudoah  River,  $2,500  ;  but  this  sum  e 
not  be  expended,  nor  shall  the  sum  heretofore  appropri 
therefor  be  expended,  until  auy  corporate  rights  or  francl 
that  may  exist  over  said  river  shall  have  been  relinquil 
to  the  United  States  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Secretai 
War... 

1 

Balance  .. 

218 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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ipntca  Hirer  —  Continued. 
For  completing  and  protecting  wing-dams  and  jetties  now  in 
course  of  construction  upon  the  Chippewa  River,  in  Wiscon- 
sin, in  and  near  its  mouth  and  helow  the  lower  point  of  Beef 
Island,  £10,000:  Provided,  That  nothing  herein  shall  be  con- 
strued, nor  shall  any  expenditure  of  this  appropriation  be 
made  so  as  to  aftect  existing  legal  or  equitable  rights  in  or 
upon  the  said  Chippewa  River  or  its  branches,  whether  such 
rights  arise  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States  or  the  State 
of  Wisnonniii  .  . 

For  the  protection  of  the  high  sand  banks  on  the  Chippewa 
River,  10  prevent  their  erosion  and  deposition  in  the  Missis- 
sippi River,  $8,000:  I'rorided,  That  nothing  shall  be  done,  nor 
shall  any  improvement  he  made  on  the  said  Chippewa  River, 
under  or  in  pursuance  of  this  act  or  the  appropriation  hereby 
made,  which  shall,  directly  or  iudireeth  ,  prevent,  interfere 
with,  or  obstruct  the  free  navigation  of  the  said  river,  as 
heretofore,  by  steamboats,  or  other  water  craft,  or  the  dec 
use  thereof,  a#  heretofore,  for  the  rnnuing,  floating,  guiding, 
or  sheering  of  loose  logs,  or  rafts  of  lumber,  or  logs,  upon  or 
down  the  same,  or  which  shall,  directly  or  indirectly,  pre- 
vent, obstruct,  or  interfere  with  the  use  of  any  slough,  arm, 
or  branch  of  the  said  river,  as  heretofore,  for  the  holding,  as- 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  Chippewa  Kiver,  sub-  } 
ject  to  the  same  conditions  and  limitations  imposed  by  sec-  \ 
tion  1  of  the  act  approved  March  3,  1879,  for  the  improve-  ! 
ment  of  rivers  and  harbors,  relating  to  said  Chippewa  River,  j 

Total  .  .  ...... 

NOTE.—  The  act  of  June  19,  1879  (21  Statutes,  23),  authorizes  the  Secret  ary 
of  War,  in  his  discretion,  to  apply  and  flae  for  the  completion  and  protertion 
of  the  winji-danis,  jetties,  ana  other  improvements  of  the  Chippewa  Kiver, 
State  of  Wisconsin,  lorated  at  and  nt-ar  the  month  of  said  river,  so  much  of 
the  inonevs  appioin  iated  by  art  of  Congress,  approved  March  :t,  1879,  "For 
the  protection  of  tlic>  liish  sand  banks  on  the  Cuippewa  Kiver,"  &c.,  as  may 
be  iviiuircd  lor  such  purpose  herein  provided. 

and  H'itscoiixin  Hirers. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Wisconsin  River,  Wisconsin  ? 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Fox  and  Wisconsin  Rivers  •. 

To  pay  the  expenses  incurred  on  the  part  of  the  United  States  ) 
in  the  arbitration  had  between  the  United  States  and  the  £ 
Green  liav  aixl  Mississippi  Canal  Company  ) 
For  payment  to  the  Green  Bay  and  Mississippi  Canal  Company  ' 
for  t*«  much  of  all  and  siu'gnlar  its  property  and  rights  of 
property  in  and  to  the  line  of  water  communication  between 
the  Wisconsin  River  and  the  month  of  the  Fox  River,  includ- 
ing its  locks,  dams,  canals,  and  franchises,  as  were,  under 
the  act  of  Congress  for  the  improvement  of  water  communi- 
cation between  t  he  Mississippi  River  and  Lake  Michigan  by 
the  Wisconsin  and  Fox  Rivers,  approved  July  7,  1870,  re- 
ported by  the  Secretary  of  War  to  be  needed  in  his  commu- 
nication to  the  House  of  Representatives  dated  March  8, 
1878.. 

1 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


219 


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For  improvement  of  harbor  at  Milwaukee  

For  improving  Milwaukee  Bay,  for  purposes  of  harbor  of  refuge. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Milwaukee,  extension  and  repairs  of 
piers  and  dredging  

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Balance  .. 

111  il 
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[  Washington  Harbor. 
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To  aid  in  the  completion  of  a  harbor  already  commenced  by 
the  citizens  of  the  town  of  Racine  at  the  mouth  of  the  Root 
River,  in  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin 

cr. 
and  Iowa,  See  "Miscellaneous,"  pout. 

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For  improving  harbor  at  Ocouto,  Wis  

Balance  .  . 

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||    2|58-3|-S 

Por 


222 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

\ 

Itatine  Harfror—  Continued. 

• 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Racine  ^ 
Total  .  

Bocfe  Birpr. 
Wisconsin  and  Illinois.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  post. 

Saint  Crotx  Rirer. 
Wisconsin  and  Minnesota.  See  "  Miscellaneous,"  pott. 

Sheboygan  ff  arbor. 
For  tho  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  Sheboygan,  Wisconsin.  .  t 

• 

I 
For  improving  harbor  of  Sheboygan,  repairs  and  dredging  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


221 


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For  repairs,  dredging,  and  extension  of  piers  
Total  

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3 

For  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  of  refuge  at  en- 
trance of  Sturgeon  Bay  C'nual  :  Provided,  That  said  sum  shall 
not  be  expended  until  any  private  or  corporate  right  which 
may  exist  to  impose  charges  for  the  use  of  said  harbor  shall 
have  been  relinquished  iu  manner  satisfactory  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  War  .  . 

For  continuing  the  improvement  J 
Total  

erior  Say. 
For  the  purpose  of  dredging  out  the  bay  of  Superior,  from  the  ) 
natural  entrance  to  the  docks  of  Superior  and  Duluth,  and  > 
preserving  both  entrances  from  the  lake  thereto  5 

For  the  improvement  of  the  natural  entrance  to  Superior  Bay,  ) 
Wisconsin..  ..) 

For  improving  Superior  Bay,  dredging  for  improvement  of.< 
natural  entrance,  and  for  repairing  existing  works  \ 

Total... 

erior  City  Harbor. 
For  improving  the  harbor  at  Superior  City,  Wisconsin  <j 

Total  . 

titport  Harbor. 
See  "  Kenosha  Harbor,"  a«(e. 

rjeon  Bay  —  IlarTior  of  Refuge. 

For  the  improvnient  of  the  harbor  of  refuge  at  the  entrance  of 
the  Sturgeon  Bay  Canal,  Wisconsin  

>  Rivera  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  Two  Rivers  Harbor,  Wisconsin  ^ 

224 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  dbc.  —  Continued. 

1 

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Winnebago  Luke. 

For  building  a  pier  at  the  northern  extremity  of  Winnebago) 
Lake,  in  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  1 

Total..  

H*wooN«m  #iwr. 
For  building  and  operating  one  dredge  or  snag-boat  on  thel 

VVUnrxmin  Rivar  --  1 

1                 _ 

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1 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Potomac  Rim: 
To  enable  the  Secretary  of  War  to  execute  the  survey  and  ex--( 
aminatiou  of  the  Potomac  River,  ordered  by  a  resolution  of< 
the  House,  of  Representatives  of  the  8th  of  August,  1848  ( 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Potomac  River  between  the  Long  I 
Bridge,  iu  Washington,  and  the  city  of  Georgetown,  D.  C  ..  ] 

i. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  harbors  of  Washington  and  George-  j 
town.  TV  n  .  -.1 

( 

For  improving  the  harbors  and  channels  at  Washington  and^ 
Georgetown,  D.  C.,  $50,000  j  of  which  ^0,0(K'  is  to  be  ex- 
pended in  the  Wasllington  Harbor  'and  channel  below  Long  ) 
Bridge,  and  $30,000  to  be  expended  in  Georgetown  Harbor  1 

For  improving  the  harbors  and  channels  at  Wasllington  and 
Georgetown,  continuing  the  improvements,  including  the  re- 

For  improving  the  harbors  and  channels  at  Washington  and 

.1 

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1 

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MISCELLANEOUS. 

^i'iaii«o«  Mirer  —  Arkansas,  Indian  Territory,  and  Kansas. 
For  improving  the  navigation  of  the  Arkansas  River  :  I'roridrd, 
The  Engineer  Department,  after  due  examination,  is  satis- 
fied that,  during  a  portion  of  the  ensuing  year,  the  men  and 
machine  now  employed  in  removing  obstructions  in  the  Ohio 
and  Mississippi  Rivers,  can  be  more  usefully  employed  in 
removing  those  of  the  Arkansas  River:  I'roridcd,  That  the  ; 
compensation  of  the  superintendent  of  the  Ohio  and  Missis-  | 

APPEOPEIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  EIVERS  AND  HAEBOES. 


3  HA*! 


225 


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S.  Ex,  196 


226 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  <fco.  —  Continued. 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Choctawhalchee  Kirer—  Alabama  and  Florida  —  Continued. 
For  removal  of  obstructions  to  the  navigation  of  the  rivers  1 

Cnoctawuatcnee  ana  noimes  

For  removing  obstructions  in  the  Choctawhatchee  River,  Ala-S 

For  improving  Choctawhatchee  River,  Florida  and  Alabama.  .. 
For  improving  Choctowhatchee  River  up  to  Newton  < 

Total  .  

Cooaa  Kiecr  —  ^(aftoma  and  Georgia. 
For  the  improvement  of  Coosa  River,  Georgia  and  Alabama,  ) 
between  Rome  and  the  Selma,  Rome  and  Dalton  Railroad  > 

c 

For  improving  Coosa  River,  Georgia  and  Alabama  < 
Total  . 

4 
i 
1 
1 

a 

Cascade*  of  Columbia  Kirer  —  Canal  —  Oregon  and  Washington  Territory. 
For  the  construction  of  a  canal  around  the  Cascades  of  the1 
Columbia  River,  in  the  State  of  Oregon  ;  of  which  the  Sec- 
retary of  War  is  authorized  to  expend  so  much  as,  in  his 
judgiiient,  may  be  necessary  and  proper  to  secure  title  and 
right  of  way  for  canal  and  locks,  not  exceeding  $10,000;  and 
whenever  in  the  prosecution  of  the  said  work  it  shall  have 
become  necessary  to  obtain  the  right  of  way  over  any  lands 
for  the  said  canal  and  locks,  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  take 
possession  of  and  use  the  said  lands,  after  having  purchased 
the  same,  or,  in  case  the  said  lands  cannot  be  purchased  for 
a  reasonable  price,  then  after  having  paid  for  the  same,  or 
secured  the  value  thereof,  which  value  may  be  ascertained 
in  the  mode  provided  by  the  laws  of  Oregon  for  the  con- 
demnation of  lands  for  public  uses  in  that  State.  The  De- 
partment of  Justice  shall  represent  the  interests  of  the  United 
States  in  any  legal  proceedings  under  this  act  to  obtain  the 
i  ^ht  of  way  for  said  canal  

For  constructing  canal  around  the  Cascades  of  Columbia  River  < 
Total  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Cumberland  Sound  —  Georgia  and  florida. 
For  improving  the  entrance  to  Cumberland  Sound,  between  "* 
Amelia  and  Cumberland  Islands,  in  the  States  of  Florida  and  1 
Georgia,  according  to  the  plans  and  estimates  of  General  [ 
Gillmore,  the  chief  engineer,  reported  to  this  Congress  J 

Total  . 

Current  River  —  Arkansas  and  Missouri. 
For  the  improvement  of  Current  River,  Missouri  
For  improving  Current  River,  from  Douithan  to  its  mouth,  Ar- 
kansas and  Missouri  .. 

*s 
H 

Cyjirexn  liayou  —  Louisiana  and  Texas. 
For  the  improvement  of  Cypress  Bayou,  near  Jefferson,  Tex  

For  the  improvement  of  Cypress  Bayou,  and  construction  of  S 
ilniiis  and  dredging  at  the  foot  of  Soda  Lake  J 

For  continuing  the  work  of  dredging  and  removing  obstruc-S 
tions  to  navigation  in  Cypress  Bayou  \ 

For  improving  Cypress  Bavou,  Texas  and  Louisiana  \ 

/ 

3 

Balance  .. 

Dan.  Hirer—  r-irginia  find  Xorth  Carolina. 
Vor  improving  Dun  River  between  Danville,  Va.,  and  Madi-  J 
son.  N.  C  .. 

' 

Delaware  River  —  Delaware,  New  Jersey,  Neiv  York,  and  Pennsylvania. 
For  removing  the  baron  the  Delaware  River,  in  the  neighbor-  ) 
hood  of  Fort  Miftlin,  with  the  view  of  improving  the  harbor  > 
^f  T>i*ii.wi<.i.-.ii;n  I 

For  the  improvement  of  Delaware  River  between  Trenton  and  ( 
Bordelltown,  N.  J.  . 

For  the  improvement  of  the  channel  of  the  Delaware  River  at 
Fort  Miffliu  Bar  .. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  channel  of  the  Delaware  River  at  ) 
and  near  the  Horsenhoe  Shoals;  the  work  not  to  be  com-  1 
ineuced  until  an  examination  and  survey  has  been  made  by 
a  board  of  engineers  of  the  United  States  Army,  appointed  by  > 
i  he  Secretary  of  War,  and  a  favorable  report  upon  the  feasi-  1 

iiility  ana  expense  ot  the  plan  adopted  tor  the  prevention 
and  removal  of  the  obstructions  } 
For  contiuning  the  improvement  of  the  Delaware  River  and 
channel  at  Fort  Miffliu  Bar  

APPKOPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


229 


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230 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Frfncli  Broad  River  —  Teimessee  and  JVor^A  Carolina. 
For  the  improvement  of  French  Broad  River  between  Brevardi 
and  the  Buncombe  County  line,  North  Carolina  ( 

For  improving  French  Broad  River,  North  Carolina,  continu-J 

ii,,i  I'fin.i-.tv  ,.n,,Mi1  --  1 

I 
For  improving  French  Broad  River,  between  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  ( 

ar>,\  tl,A  moiifli  nf  Kitr  flrnplr  ..  ) 

For  improving  French  Broad  River  above  Knoxville,  Tenn  

Littlf  Narragansett  Bay  —  Connecticut  and  Ithode  Island. 
For  the  improvement  of  Little  Narragansett  Bay,  Rhode  Island  ) 

ami  r  '.inni'i'tii'iit 

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Venomotiee  Harbor  —  Michigan  and  Wisconsin. 
For  improvement  of  harbor  at  mouth  of  Menomonee  River,  Wis- 

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MISSISSIPPI  RIVKR. 
Ilentrroirn  at  Headwaters. 
For  examinations  and  surveys  for  reservoir  at  sources  of 
the  Mississippi.  Saint  Croix,  Chippewa,  and  Wisconsin 

For  the  reservoirs  at  the  headwaters  of  the  Mississippi  Rivor 
to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  a  dam  at  Lake  Winuibi- 
goshish:  I'roridcd,  That  all  injuries  occasioned  to  individ- 
uals by  overflow  of  their  lauds  shall  be  ascertained  and 
determined  by  agreement,  or  in  accordance  with  the  laws 
of  Minnesota,  and  shall  not  exceed  in  theamrreErate&ri.OOO. 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


231 


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or  reservoirs  upon  the  head  waters  of  the  Mississippi  River" 
and  its  tributaries;  and  this  sum,  together  with  the  sum 
of  $75,000  heretofore  appropriated  for  the  construction  of 
a  dam  at  Lake  Winnibigoshish,  shall  be  expended  at  such 
places  on  said  headwaters  ol  the  Mississippi  River  and 
its  tributaries  as  the  Secretary  of  War  shall  determine  : 
.•liiri  it  is  provided,  That  compensation  for  any  private  • 
property  taken  or  appropriated  for  any  of  said  improve- 
ments, and  all  damages  to  private  property  caused  by  the 
eonstruction  of  any  of  said  dams,  by  flowage  or  otherwise, 
shall  be  ascertained  and  determined  under  and  iu  accord- 
ance with  the  laws  of  the  State  in  which  such  private 

of  Saint  Anthony.  ( 

or  the  preservation  of  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony  and 
the  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  River  above  the  same. 

V 

or  continuing  the  same,  $100,000;  aud  $25,000  of  said  ) 
amount  may  be  expended  for  the  improvement  of  the  > 
Mississippi  River  above  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony  ) 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony,  Minne-S 
so  ta  .  . 

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or  sluice-way  through  public  works  at  Saint  Anthony's 
Falls,  Minnesota:  Provided,  That  no  part  of  said  sum 
shall  be  expended  for  right  of  way,  and  that  said  im- 
provement can  be  made  without  expense  to  the  United 
States  further  than  the  actual  construction  of  said  sluice- 
wav  .  . 

or  repairs  and  contingencies  of  public  works  at  Saint 
Anthony's  Falls,  to  meet  repairs  necessary,  present  and 
r»ro«r»e,ntive- 

or  repairs  an'd  contingencies  of  public  works  at  Saint 
Anthony's  Falls,  to  meet  repairs  necessary,  present  and 
prospective,  which  shall  be  available  immediately  after 
the  passage  of  this  act  

above  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony  J 

Ha  Island,  Lock  and  Dam. 
or  construction  of  the  lock  and  dam  on  the  Mississippi 
River,  at  Meeker's  Island,  Minnesota,  according  to  the 
surveys  and  plans  of  the  War  Department  :  Provided, 
That  all  rights  and  claims  in  aud  to  the  laud-grant  made 
to  the  State  of  Minnesota  for  the  above  work,  by  act  ap- 
proved July  23,  1808,  shall  be  fully  relinquished  to  the 
United  States  before  any  of  this  appropriation  is  expended  . 

Mississippi  Jiirrr. 
or  improvement  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  River,  removing 
suairs  and  dredoinir  .  . 

or  improvement  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  River,  and  re-~> 
moving  snags  and  dredging:  Provided,  That  no  part  of 
such  sum  shall  be  paid  for  the  use  of  any  patent  or  pat-  > 
ented  machine  in  which  any  engineer  or  officer  employed  | 
bv  the  government  mav  be  interested  J 

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4                  .ji.                                        tk.      '— 

232 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBOUS 


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Statement  of  appropt 

General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER—  Continued. 
£7pp«r  Mississippi  River  —  Continued. 
For  dredcre  and  snatr  boats  on  the  Unoer  Mississinm  River  . 

For  improvement  of  the  Upper  Mississippi  River  i 

$30,000;  nud  $7,000  thereof  may  be  applied,  if  the  Sec- 
retary of  War  shall  deem  it  for  the  public  interest,  in  con-  I 
structing  the  necessary  machinery  used  in  Capt.  Edward  [ 
Hell's  process  for  building  wing-dams,  and  applying  said  I 
process  in  the  improvement  of  said  river  ) 
For  improving  Upper  Mississippi  River,  from  the  mouth  of 
the  Illinois  :  removal  of  Silas's  and  obstructions  .  . 

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For  improving  Upper  Mississippi  River,  operating  snag 
boat,  and  building  light-draught  steamer  

Saint  Paul  to  Des  Atuines. 
For  improving  the  Mississippi  River;  widening  and  deep- 
ening the  channel  from  Saint  Paul  to  Des  Moines  Rapids. 
For  improving  Mississippi  River,  from  Saint  Paul  to  Des 
Moines  Rapids  :  Provided,  That  not  exceeding  $20,000 
thereof  may  be  used  by  the  Secretary  of  War,  in  his  dis- 
cretion, in  making  a  practical  test  of  a  flume  invented  by 
M.  J.  Adams,  the  said  test  to  be  made  under  the  super- 
vision and  direction  of  said  Adams,  but  without  compen- 
sation to  said  Adams  for  his  services  :  A  nd  proridcd  fur/her, 
That  such  test  shall  not  be  made  until  the  right  shall  be 
secured  to  the  United  States  to  use  said  flume,  in  the 
event  of  the  favorable  result  of  said  test,  upon  terms  sat- 
isfactory to  the  Secretarv  of  War.  .  . 

For  improving  Mississippi  River,  from  Saint  Paul  to  Des 
Moines  Rapids  ;  continuing  improvement,  $150,000:  Pro- 
vided, That  $3,500  of  said  sum  may,  in  the  discretion  of 
the  Chief  of  Engineers,  be  expended  in  closing  the  slough 
at  the  confluence  of  the  Minnesota  and  Mississippi  Riv- 
ers :  Provided  further,  That  $3,000  of  the  foregoing  sum 
shall  be  used  in  dredging  the  western  channel  at  or  near 
(inttanhenr.  Town, 

For  improving  Mississippi  River,  from  Saint  Paul  to  Des 
Moines  Rapids,  Iowa,  Missouri,  Illinois,  and  Wisconsin  .. 

La  Crosse  Harbor. 
For  improving  the  Mississippi  River  from  the  bridge  of  the 
Chicago,  Milwaukee  and  Saint  Paul  Railroad  Company 
above  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  to  the  mouth  of  Root  River,  below 
eaid  citv  — 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


233 


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Gvtttnburg  Harbor. 
For  completion  of  work  of  removing  sand  bar  in  Mississippi 
River,  opposite  Guttenburg,  Iowa  

Dubuque  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  i  he  town  of  Dnbnque, 
Iowa  :  Provided,  Upon  due  examination  and  survey  under 
the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  it  shall  appear  that 
a  permanent,  improvement  can  be  accomplished  and  com- 
pleted for  this  amount,  so  as  to  admit  the  landing  of 
steamers  of  the  largest  class  navigating  the  river  at  the 
town  of  Diilmque  at  all  seasons  of  the  year  

For  tbe  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  the  town  of  Dubuque  S 
in  addition  to  the  appropriation  of  last  year  } 

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Bock  Island  Rapidi. 
For  improvement  of  the  Rock  Island  Rapids  

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For  completing  improvement  

jRocfc  Island  Harbor. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Rock  Island,  Illinois  J 

Andalusia  Harbor. 
For  improving  Mississippi  River  at  Andalusia,  Illinois  

Muscatine  Harbor. 
For  improving  harbor  at  Muscatine,  Iowa  < 

S.  Ex.  196 30 


234 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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MISSISSIPPI  RIVER—  Continued. 
Burlington  Harbor. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Rush  Chute  and  the  harbor  of  1 
Burlinirton,  Iowa..  I 

I 

Fort  Madison  Harbor. 

I 
Forthe  improvement  of  the  harbor  at  Fort  Madison,  Iowa.  < 

Des  Mo'nifH  Rapids. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Rock  River  Rapids  and  the  1 
Des  Moines  Rapids,  in  the  Mississippi  River,  at  the  lower  ; 
chain  and  the  English  chain  1 

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in  the  Mississippi  River,  to  be  expended  under  the  super-  ( 

iiit  ..Mil.'iM-..  nf  tliA  sl<*f.rptarv  (»f  \V:ir 

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For  improving  navigation  on  the  Mississippi  River  at  Des  ( 
Moines  or  Lower  Rapids,  according  to  such  plan  as  thej 
Secretary  of  War  shall,  on  the  report  of  a  hoard  of  engi-  1 

For  the  purpose  of  continuing  the  prosecution  of  the  work 
upon  the  improvement  of  the  Des  Moines  Rapids  in  the 
Mississippi  River  
For  the  improvement  of  the  Des  Moines  Rapids  
For  the  completion  of  the  section  work  at  the  Des  Moines 
Ra«l<h 

For  the  Improvement  of  Des  Moines  Rapids  ; 

I 
To  pay  the  current  expenses  of  operating  the  Des  Moines 
Rapids  Canal  on  the  Upper  Mississippi  River  until  July 

1  1R7H 

For  improving  Des  Moines  Rapids  and  operating  the  canal  .  . 
For  improving  Des  Moines  Rapids  
For  operating  the  canal  at  Des  Moines  Rapids  

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


235 


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236 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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Statement  of  approp 

object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

IPPI  RIVKR  —  Continued. 
ceen  the  mouth  of  the  Illitiois  and  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  — 
ontinued. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Mississippi  River  between  the"\ 
mouths  of  the  Illinois  and  Ohio  Rivers  ;  and  $15,000  of  i 
said  amount  shall  be  expended  between  the  months  of  > 
the  Illinois  and  Missouri  Rivers;  and  $15,000  may  be 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Mississippi  River  between  thel 
mouthsof  the  Illinois  and  Ohio  Rivers;  ($15,000  of  which 
are  to  be  expended  between  the  mouths  of  the  Illinois 
and  Missouri  Rivers,  and  $:SO,000  of  which  are  to  be  ex-  { 
pended  between  the  foot  of  Dickey  Island  and  the  mouth  f 
of  the  Ohio  River,  and  35,000  of  which  are  to  be  expended 
between  Islands  Number  Fourteen  and  Number  Fifteen, 
near  the  town  of  Kaskaskia,  Ills)  ) 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Mississippi  River  between  tho 
mouths  of  the  Ohio  and  Illinois  Rivers;  of  which  $20,000 
shall  be  expended  between  the  mouthsof  the  Illinois  and 
Missouri,  $75,000  for  constructing  dam  at  Cahopia  Chute, 
opposite  Saint  Louis,  $40,000  between  the  foot  of  Dickey's 
Island  and  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  River,  and  $10,000  be- 
tween Islands  Number  Fourteen  and  Fifteen,  near  the 

tvinrti  ,,f  If  nekaulHi  I1U 

For  improving  the  Mississippi  River  between  the  mouths 
of  the  Illinois  and  Ohio  Rivers;  of  which  $15,000  shall 
be  expended  between  the  mouths  of  the  Illinois  and  Mis- 
souri Rivers,  $30,000  between  the  foot  of  Dickey's  Island 
and  the  month  of  the  Ohio  River,  and  $8,000  between  Isl- 
ands Number  Fourteen  and  Fifteen,  near  the  town  of 

Tfim1.'n.uVi!i  Tlla 

For  improving*  the  Mississippi  River  between  the  mouths 
of  the  Illinois  and  OhioRiverfi;  $20,000  of  which  shall 
be  expended  at  Kaskaskia  Bend,  and  $15,000  may  be  ex- 
pended on  the  harbor  at  Alton  

for  improving  rue  Mississippi  Kiver  oeiween  me  mouius 
of  the  Illinois  and  Ohio  Rivers,  Illinois  arid  Missouri  

nt  Louis.* 
For  a  pier  to  give  direction  to  the  current  of  the  Missis- 
sippi River  near  the  city  of  Saint  Louis,  Mo  
For  the  erection  of  a  pier  in  the  Mississippi  River  near  ) 
Saint  Louis,  including  the  sum  of  $15,000  appropriated  > 
for  that  purpose  at  the  last  session  of  Congress  ) 
i 

For  removing  obstructions  to  the  navigation  in  tho  harbor) 

For  the  improvement  of  the  channel  of  the  Mississippi  ^ 
River  opposite  the  city  of  Saint  Louis,  Mo.,  by  the  con-  1 
struction  of  a  low  dam  across  the  channel  east  of  Arsenal  > 
Island,  known  as  Cahokia  Chute,  and  in  the  revetment 

For  ice  harbor  at  Saint  Louis,  Mo.  :  Provided,  That  no  part 
of  this  sum  shall  be  expended  until  a  board  of  engineers 
shall  have  been  convened  and  determined  upon  a  plan  for 
the  construction  of  the  work  . 

ir 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOE  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


237 


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an  200  feet  in  width  at  the  bottom,  and  having 
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For  the  improvement  of  th 
sissippi  Rivers  from  Loui 


5 


S.  Ex.  190 32 


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•\>r  removing  snags,  wrecks,  and  other  obstruction*;  of  which 
$10(1,000  shall  be  expended  on  the  Mississippi  River,  $65,000 
on  the  Missouri,  and  $35.000  on  the  Arkansas  
For  improving  the  Mississippi,  Missouri,  and  Arkansas  Rivera  — 
removing  snags,  wrecks,  and  other  obstructions  ;  of  which 
$80,000  shall  be  expended  on  the  Mississippi  River,  $80,000 
on  the  Missouri  River,  and  $25,000  on  the  Arkansas  River  ; 
and  the  work  herein  provided  for  shall  be  prosecuted  at  all 
seasons  of  the  year,  and  especially  between  the  first  day  of 
July  and  the  first  day  of  November  of  each  year:  Provided, 
That  so  much  of  said  $80,000  hereby  appropriated  to  the  Mis- 
souri River  as  may  be  necessary  shall  be  expended  in  the  con- 
struction of  a  snag  and  dredge  boat,  to  be  used  in  said  river, 
the  balance  to  be  expended  in  operating  said  boat  

Total  .. 

Balance  .. 

OURI  RIVER  —  Dakota,  Iowa,  Kansas,  Missouri,  Montana,  and 
braska. 

For  the  improvement  of  the  navigation  of  the  Missouri  I 
River  } 

For  the  survey  of  the  Missouri  River  from  its  mouth  to 
Sioux  City,  and  estimates  for  the  improvement  and  main- 
tenance of  its  navigation  .  . 

For  survey  of  Missouri  River  from  its  mouth  to  Fort  Ben- 
ton.  Mont  .. 

For  survey  of  Missouri  River  from  its  mouth  to  Sioux  City, 
Iowa,  of  which  sum  $5,000  may  be  used,  in  the  discretion 
of  the  Secretary  of  War,  in  protecting  the  work  done  on 
said  river  at  or  near  Sioux  City  

For  survey  of  Missouri  River  from  its  mouth  to  Fort  Ben- 
ton,  Mont.  :  Continuing  survey  above  Sioux  City  
For  the  improvement  of  the  Missouri  River  :  Removal  of 

snags,  wrecks,  &c  

For  the  improvement  of  the  Missouri  River  above  the! 
mouth  of  the  Yellowstone.  ..'...  | 

PVnwJrion. 
For  improvement  of  Missouri  River  at  Vermillion,  Dak  .  .  } 

iioux  City. 
For  improving  the  Missouri  River  at  Sioux  City,  Iowa  
For  improving  the  Missouri  River  at  Sioux  City  ;  which  ( 
sum  shall  be  available  on  the  passage  of  this  act  \ 
For  improving  Missouri  River  at  Sioux  City:  Continuing 
onerations.. 

For  improving  Missouri  River  at  Sioux  City  :  For  improve-  ( 
ment  of  channel.. 

oinicil  Bluffs  and  Omaha. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Missouri  River  at  Council  H  lull's, 
Iowa,  and  Omaha,  Nebr  

For  improving  the  Missouri  River  at  Omaha  City,  Nebr... 

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•  /I'livr  —  Virginia  and  West  Virginia. 
For  the  improvement  of  New  River  from  the  lead  mines  inC 
Wythe  County,  Virginia,  to  the  mouth  of  Greeubrier  River,  < 
West  Virffiuia  ..  .  .  f 

For  improving  New  River  from  mouth  of  Wilson,  in  Grayson 
County,  Virginia,  to  mouth  of  Greenbrier  River;  of  which 
$12,000  shall  bo  expended  iu  the  continuation  of  the  work 
from  the  month  of  the  Greenbrier  up;  $7,000  iu  the  continua- 
tion of  the  work  formerly  prosecuted  on  the  river  in  Wythe 
County,  and  $5,000  between  the  lead  mines  iu  Wythe  County 
and  the  mouth  of  Wilson  in  Grayson  County  
For  improving  New  River  from  lead  mines  in  Wythe  County, 
Virginia,  to  mouth  of  Greenbrier  River;  of  which  $15,000  shall 
be  expended  in  the  continuation  of  the  work  from  the  mouth 
of  Greenbrier  up,  and  $9,000  in  the  continuation  of  the  work 
from  the  lead  mines  in  Wythe  County  down  

Total  

th  Landing  Hirer  —  Virginia  and  North  Carolina. 

For  improving  North  Landing  River,  Virginia  and  North] 
Carolina  ..  .  .  1 

j 

Is  of  the  Ohio  and  Louimille  Canal. 
For  a  survey  aud  examination  of  the  falls  of  the  Ohio  River^j 
by  a  board  of  topographil'al  and  civil  engineers  to  be  ap- 
pointed by  the  Secretary  of  War,  to  report  upon  the  expe- 
diency of  au  additional  canal  aronnd  said  falls,  aud  the  com- 
parative cost,  advantages,  and  disadvantages  of  making  such 
additional  canal  on  the  Kentucky  and  Indiana  shores  of  said 
river  respectively,  and  aiso  the  cost,  advantages,  and  dis- 
advantages of  enlarging  and  extending  the  present  canal  so 
as  to  avoid  the  rocks  at  Sandy  Island;  retaining  the  present 
locks  in  their  nresent  condition 

For  improvement  of  the  falls  of  the  Ohio  River  and  Louisville 
Canal  .  . 

For  the  improvement  of  the  Louisville  aud  Portland  Canal  dur- 
ing the  current  fiscal  year,  to  be  expended  in  accordance  with 
existinir  laws  .. 

For  improvement  of  the  falls  of  the  Ohio  River  and  Louisville  ( 
Canal  ..  ..  ) 

For  continuing  the  work  on  the  canal  at  the  falls  of  the  Ohio 
River,  $300,000;  and  the  Secretary  of  War  is  hereby  directed 
to  report  to  Congress  at  its  next  session,  or  sooner  if  practi- 
cable, the  condition  of  said  canal,  and  the  provisions  neces- 
sary to  relieve  the  same  from  incumbrance,  with  a  view  to 
such  legislation  as  will  render  the  same  free  to  commerce  at 
the  earliest  practicable  period,  subject  only  to  such  tolls  as 
may  be  necessary  for  the  superinteudeuce  aud  repair  thereof, 

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le  and  Portland  Canal  100, 
reasury  is  authorized  and  dir 
he  United  States,  the  control 
canal,  in  conformity  with  the  t 
the  legislature  of  the  State  of 
8,  1872,  at  such  time  and  in 
t  the  interests  uf  the  United  St 
of,  may  require;  su 


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, 
the  Secretary  of  the  Treasur 
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expenses  of  operating  and  maintaining  the  Lou 
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sum  shall  be  immediate  available 


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purpose  of  operating  and  keeping  in  repair  the  Louis 
and  Portland  Canal,  the  Secretary  of  War  is  authorize 
aw  his  requisition  on  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
time  to  time,  which  requisition  shall  be  paid  out  of  an 
in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated 


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al  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

, 

liver  —  Continued, 
or  improvement  of  the  Ohio  River  < 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  Kiver  and  the  harbors  thereof,  S 
including  the  repair  of  the  Cumberland  dam  ) 

t 

or  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  River,  $100,000; 
one-half  of  which  shall  be  expended  above  and  the  other  half 
below  the  suspension  bridge  between  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and 
Covington,  Ky.  ;  $40,000  of  the  above  amount  that  is  to  be 
expended  above  the  suspension  bridge  may,  if  approved  by 
the  Chief  of  Engineers,  be  expended  in  a  permanent  improve- 
ment nt  Pittsburgh.  Pa  .. 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  River,  $300,  000;  that  $100,000" 
of  this  amount  shall  be  used  for  and  applied  toward  the  con- 
struction of  a  "iuovabledaui,"oradam  withadjustablegates 
for  the  purpose  of  testing  substantially  the  best  method  of 
improving  permanently  the  navigation  of  the  Ohio  River 
and  its  tributaries  ;  the  location  of  this  work,  with  the  plan 
of  construction  and  the  application  of  the  amount  hereby 
appropriated  to  be  submitted  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for 
his  approval  J 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  River  J 

or  improving  and  deepening  the  channel  of  the  Ohio  River, 
including  the  removal  of  snags,  wrecks,  &c.,  from  Pittsburgh 
to  its  mouth  ;  of  which  sum  $50,000shall  be  expended  at  Grand 
Chain  for  removal  of  obstructions  and  deepening  the  channel 
at  that  noint  .  _ 

or  imiiroving  the  Ohio  River;  of  which  sum  $50,OTO.  or  so 
much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  shall  be  expended  in  the 
removal  of  obstructions  at  Grand  Chain,  and  not  exceeding 
9100.000  on  the  Davis  Island  daiii.. 

or  continuing  the  improvement,  ;  of  which  sum  $100,000  shall  1 
be  expended  011  Davis  Island  dam,  and  $150,000  on  the  river  j 
from  its  month  to  its  head:  Provided,  That  $10,000  of  the  last 
named  sum  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  engineers,  be  ex-  [ 
pended  on  Indiana  Chute:  And  provided  further,  That  $25,000 
of  the  sum  for  the  improvement  of  the  Ohio  River  shall  be 
applied  to  continuing  the  improvement  at  Grand  Chain  on 
said  river  

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S.  Ex.  196 33 


258 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Bed  Hirer  of  the  South  —  Arkansas,  Louixiana,  and  Texas. 
For  improving  the  navigation  of  Red  River,  through  or  around  ( 
that  part  of  it  ca'led  the  Raft,  situated  in  Louisiana  and  Ar-< 

k  a  lisas  ..  / 

For  arrearage  due  Major  Burch  for  survey  of  the  Raft  of  Red 
River,  Louisiana  .. 

For  improving  the  navigation  of  the  Red  River,  Louisiana  and  ^ 
Arkansas,  being  the  balance  of  the  appropriation  of  the  year  ^ 
1828,  carried  to  the  surplus  fund,  and  the  further  sum  of  1 

|WU,UUU  J 

For  improving  the  navigation  of  the  Red  River  
For  completing  the  removal  of  the  obstructions  to  the  naviga- 
tion of  Red  River,  in  addition  to  the  appropriation  of  $50,000 
made  at  the  last  session  of  Congress  

For  continuing  the  removal  of  obstructions  in  the  Red  River.  5 

For  the  complete  removal  of  the  Great  Raft  in  the  Red  River  .  . 
For  constructing  a  boat  to  prevent  a  new  accumulation  oH 
obstruction  in  said  river  within  the  old  limits  of  the  Great  1 
Raft,  so  called,  §15,000,  and  the  additional  sum  of  $15,000  to  f 
work  and  support  the  same  J 

For  removing  the  Raft  of  Red  River,  under  the  direction  of  j 

(!,,.  >i.,,.i-.,f  .,,.,•  ,,f  Woi. 

5 

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For  removing  the  Raft  in  Red  River,  Lonisiana  { 

For  removing  Raft  in  Red  River  aud  closing  Tone's  Bayou  
For  the  purpose  of  opening  the  navigation  of  Red  River  above 
Shreveport,  La.,  and  keeping  said  navigation  open  and  free 
from  rafts,  and  for  the  purpose  of  preserving  the  vessels  and 
boats  of  the  United  States  employed  in  that  work 
For  removing  Raft  in  Red  River  and  closing  Tone's  Bayon  
For  removing  suagsaud  other  obstructions  from  Red  River  

For  improving  month  of  Red  River  ' 

For  removing  Raft  in  Red  River  and  closing  Tone's  Bayou  
For  removing  obstructions  from  Red  River 
For  improving  Upper  Red  River,  Arkansas,  from  Fulton  to  the 
head  of  the  Raft  

For  deficiency  of  appropriation  for  removing  the  Great  Raft  of" 
Red  River,  made  by  the  act  approved  April  20,  1838,  being 
the  amount  advanced  by  Daniel  T.  Witlee  and  others 
through  the  branch  of  the  Real  Estate  Bank  of  Washing- 
ton, Ark.,  to  Henry  M.  Shreve,  government  agent  for  such 
removal,  and  expended  bv  him  for  that  purpose  
For  removing  the  Raft  of  Red  River;  'and  that  the  Secretary  oi 
War  bo  authorized  to  contract  with  the  lowest  responsible 
bidder  within  this  appropriation  for  the  removal  of  said 
Raft,  after  reasonable  public  notice  .... 
For  the  improvement  of  Tone's  Bayon,  Louisiana  ... 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  VOIl  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


259 


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)cfc  Jfitrr  —  Illinois  and  Wixconsin. 
For  the  survey,  with  the  view  to  the  improvement  of  the  nav-  *| 
igatiou  of  Rock  River  from  the  Illinois  line  as  far  up  the 

same  as  tno  contemplated  point  01  intersection  wirn  me  i 
Milwaukee  and  Rock  River  Canal,  and  also  of  the  Haven  of  f 
the  said  river  next  below  Lake  Kiishkenong  to  Madison,  the  j 
scat  of  government  of  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  J 

Total  .  . 

int  Croix  Hirer  —  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota. 
For  the  improvement  of  the  Saint  Croix  River,  Wisconsin  
For  improving  Saint  Croix  River  below  Taylor's  Falls  
For  continuing  improvement,  of  which  sum  .$300,  or  so  much 
thereof  as,  in  the  opinion  of  the  engineers  in  charge,  may 
be  necessary,  shall  be  expended  in  the  improvement  of  the 
slough  on  the  east  side  of  paid  river,  known  as  the  canal  1 
between  Four-mile  Island  and  the  foot  of  the  Saint  Croix 
boom  J 
For  improving  Saint  Croix  River  below  Taylor's  Falls  

Total.. 

int  John'*  and  Sjinl  .1/n  /•//'«  Hirti-a  —  Florida  and  ticnnjia. 
For  deepening  the  inland  passage,  or  present  channel,  for  nav-  ) 
igation  between  the  Saint  John's  River  in  Florida,  and  Saint  \ 

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Snint  Marv's  and  Saint  John's  .  . 

For  constrneting  a  dredging  machine  and  for  completing  the 
inland  channel  between  .Saint  Mary's  and  Saint  John's,  ac- 
cording to  the  estimate  of  the  Engineer  Department  
For  completing  the  inland  channel  between  Saint  Mary's  ami 
Saint  John's..  . 

( 

For  continuing  the  improvements  of  t  e  inland  channel  be-J 
tweeii  Saint  Marv's  and  Saint  John's  | 

I 
Total  . 

o<en  Inland  Channel  —  Aeir  1'orfc  and  Aew  Jersey. 
For  the  opening  and  improving  of  the  channel  between  StatenS 

For  improving  cliannel  between  Staten  Island  and  New  Jer-\ 

sev.  at  Eli/abotliDort  .  .  .  t 

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For  improving  Upper  Red  River,  Arkansas,  from  Fulton  to  th< 

bond  of  the  Raft 

For  removing  obstructions  from  Red  River,  Louisiana,  contill 
nim;  operations,  including  construction  of  snag-boat  
For  removing  Raft  in  Red  River  and  closing  Tone's  Bayou  — 
For  removintr  obstructions  from  Red  River.  Louisiana.. 

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260 


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or  the  improvement  of  the  Wabash  River.  Ind 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Wabash  River,  Indian 

or  continuing  the  improvement  of  the  Wabash  Uivi 
1'roritlrd,  That  a  portion  of  this  appropriation,  not 
$9,000,  may  be  used  by  the  Secrelary  of  War,  in 
tion,  for  the  extinguishment  of  any  right,  title,  ( 
the  Wabash  Navigation  Company  in  the  luck  ai 
Grand  liapids  on  said  river  and  other  property  sail 
may  claim  on  said  ri\er,  and  for  the  cxtinguishim 
right  said  company  may  have  to  affect  or  interf 
way  with  the  navigation  of  said  river;  but  no  p 
appropriation  shall  be  expended  until  said  Naviga 
pany  shall  have  relinquished  all  right  to  contro 
wise  in  any  manner  interfere  with  or  afl'ect  the  fr< 
tion  of  said  river  .  . 

or  the  improvement  of  the  Wabash  River  
or  improving  Wabash  River,  one-half  of  which  is 

i 

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maic  Hirer  —  North  Carolina  and  South  Carolina. 

or  improving  Waccemaw  River,  South  Carolina, 
month  up  to  Waccemaw  Lake,  North  Carolina  — 

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4 

or  and  Tombigbee  Hirers  —  Alabama  and  tfittisfippi. 
or  the  improvement  of  the  Tombigbee  River  
or  the  improvement  of  the  Warrior  and  Tomhigb 
Alabama,  below  Tuccaloosa  and  Deimniolis,  S'J."',I 
dition  to  any  unexpended  balance  Kinaining  fro 
propriation  for  the  harbor  of  Mobile  hereby  irai 

tin-:  inil.VdVi.  nil'  lit 

>r  the  impro\ement  of  the  Warrior  and  Toinbig 

or  improving  the  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Riven 
and  Mississippi  ;  of  which  sum  $2^,000  shall  be  e: 
the  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  and  $12,000  on  the 

or  improving  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Rivers.  Al 
Mississippi;  of  which  sum  $10,000  shall  be  expei 
Tombigbee  above  Columbus  and  $20.01)0  on  the  V 
Tombiirliee,  In-low  Columbus 

or  improving  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Rivers:  of 
$20,000  shall  be  expended  on  the  Wan  ior,  §12.000  o 
bigbee  between  Columbus  and  Vienna,  and  $15, 
Tornhitrbee  below  Vienna,  .  . 

or  improving  Tombigbee  River  above  Columbus.  . 

or  improving  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Rivers,  Al 
Mississippi;  to  bo  expended  in  the  same  proport. 
appropriation  under  the  act  of  June,  1880  

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m  protecting  the  commerce  of  the  lakes  by  causing  the  pub- 
lic works  connected  with  the  harbors  on  Lakes  Cnatuplain,  } 
Ontario,  Erie,  Saint  Clair,  Huron,  Michigan,  and  Superior  to% 
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navigation,  so  far  as  the  same,  in  his  judgment,  may  be  neces- 
«n,rv  

1 
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temation  and  repair  of  harbor  and  river  improvements. 
For  arrearages  due  for  roads,  harbors,  and  rivers  where  public 
works  and  improvements  have  hitherto  been  made,  and  for 
the  protection  of  public  property  now  on  hand  at  these 
places,  and  for  arrearages  for  surveys  and  completing  maps 

nnt.linri7.Hi1  hv  iii't.  nf  M.-irnh  3.  1ftt?» 

For  arrearages  and  for  the  preservation  of  the  public  property 
at  the  several  places  of  harbor  and  river  improvement  

For  the  preservation  and  repairs  of  public  works  heretofore  I 
constructed  for  the  improvement  of  harbors  1 

Total  .  ..  * 

airs  and  contingencies,  Atlantic  Coast. 

For  the  repairs,  preservation,  and  contingencies  of  the  harbor  J 
works  on  the  Atlantic  coast  .  i 

To  be  expended  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War, 
in  repairing  and  rendering  useful  for  purposes  of  commerce 
and  navigation  such  of  the  public  works  connected  with  the  < 
harbors  on  the  seaboard  of  the  United  States  as  may,  in  his 
iudcrment.  need  such  expenditure  .  . 

* 

3 

,       * 

i 

importation,  fuel,  $c. 
For  repairs  and  contingencies  of  harbors  and  rivers,  and  to~> 
meet  charges  for  t  rannportatiou  of  officers,  and  for  fuel  and 
quarters,  the  payment  of  which  is  no  longer  made  by  the  [ 
Quartermaster's  Department,  and  for  extra  allowance  to  (  • 
meet  extra  expenses  under  the  special  direction  of  the  Sec-  i  i 
retarv  <>f  AVitr  .  . 

264 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

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Trantportation.  fuel,  &c.  —  Continued. 
May  15,1856  11 

For  transportation  of  officers,  and  for  fuel  and  quarters,  the  
payment  of  which  is  no  longer  made  by  the  Quartermaster's  i  
Department  

Total  .. 

*  • 

SURVEYS. 
Atlanlir  Coast. 
June  23,  1866  14 
Mar.  2,  1867  14 
For  examination  and  survey  of  works  of  improvement  for  
which  appropriations  have  been  made,  and  concerning  
which  no  sufficient  information  is  now  in  possession  of  the<  
department,  aud  for  examiuatiou  and  survey  at  other  points  
in  this  act  specified,  that  is  to  say,  ou  the  Atlantic  coast  

Total  

XOTK.—  The  act  of  June  23,  1866,  provides,  "That  the  Secretary  of  War, 
when  the  public,  interests  require  it,  shall  cause  examinations  or  re-exami- 
nations to  be  made,  with  suitable  surveys  of  the  works  aforesaid,  and  all 
other  works  provided  for  by  this  act,  and  shall  make  such  changes  or  modi- 
fications of  tbo  plans  heretofore  adopted  for  their  improvement  as  shall  be 
necessary  and  proper.  And  he  shall  cause  such  needful  examination  of 
other  harbors  and  places  in  the  fourth  section  of  thiaact  speciiied,  upon  the 
sea  and  lake  coasts,  and  on  western  rivers,  to  be  made  as  will  enable  him  to 
determine  what  improvements  thereof  are  required  to  render  them  safe  and 
convenient  for  the  navigation  of  the  naval  and  commercial  vessels  of  the 
United  States,  aud  the  cost  of  such  impiovrments,  and  he  shall  make  lull 
report  thereof,  and  of  the  plans  deemed  advisable  therefor,  to  Congress,  at 
the  commencement  of  the  next  session,  for  such  action  as  may  be  judged 
expedient  and  right.  And  if,  upon  suc.h  examinations  and  survey  of  works 
first  herein  named,  being  works  now  existing  or  in.  process  of  completion, 
and  concernintr  which  no  sufficient  information  is  now  in  the  possession  of 
the  department,  there  siuill  remain  an  unexpended  balance  of  appropriation 
properly  applicable  thereto  from  the  sums  herein  appropriated,  which  may, 
in  U0  Judgment  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  b«  judiciously  applied  toward  the 
economical  and  needful  continuation  or  completion  of  such  works,  the  Sec- 
retary of  War  shall  direct  such  balance  to  be  applied  and  used  accordingly  ; 
but  no  moneys  shall  be  nsed  for  snch  pui-poses  excepting  from  the  balances 
remaining  from  appropriations  herein  made  for  the  specific  examination  and 
snrvey  of  snch  works?1 

Pacific  Coa*t. 
{  June  23,  1866  14 
Mar.  2,1867  14 

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-* 

1 

NOTE.—  See  note  to  "  Surveys,  Atlantic  Coast,"  page  284. 

rihwustern  Lakes. 
f  J 

i) 

For  examination  and  survey  of  works  of  improvement  for 
which  appropriations  have  been  heretofore  made,  and  con- 
cerning which  no  sufficient  information  is  how  in  possession  I  .. 
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points  in  this  act  specified,  that  is  to  say,  on  the  northwest- 

1 

NOTE.—  See  note  to  "Surveys,  Atlantic  Coast,"  page  264. 

xtern  and  Northwestern  Rivers. 
For  examination  and  survey  of  works  of  improvement  for"» 
which  appropriations  have  been  heretofore  made,  and  con-  !• 
cerning  which  no  sufficient  information  is  now  in  possession  !  ™ 
of  the  department,  and  for  examination  and  survey  at  other  [  •• 
points  in  this  act  specified,  that  is  to  say,  on  the  western 
a.rifl  northwestern  rivers 

f' 

For  examinations  and  surveys  on  western  and  northwestern  1  .. 

| 

1 

f 
« 

! 
' 

"  page  264. 

>vements  on  the  north"!  T 
d  the  Atlantic  and  Pa-  1  V, 
•ivers  and  harbors  not  f 

ew  to  the  improvement 

.T 

mgencies  of  rivers  and  <  J: 

^  ^ 
•''..^V^ 

*1 

si" 
i! 

I'o 

00    O 

NOTE.  —  See  note  to  "Surveys,  Atlantic  Coast 

antic  and  Pacific  Coasts,  Lakes,  and  Rivers 
i  or  examinations  and  surveys  for  impri 
and  northwestern  lakes  and  rivers,  an 
cific  coasts,  and  for  contingencies  of  i 
provided  for  in  this  act  
For  surveys  aiid  examinations,  with  a  v 

For  surveys  and  examinations,  and  cont 
harbors  .  . 

For  examinations  and  surveys  of  river 
incidental  repairs  at  harbors,  for  wh 
appropriation  .  . 

S.  Ex.  196 34 


266 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Atlantic  and  Pacific  Coasts,  Lakes,  and  Rivert  —  Continued. 

For  incidental  repairs  of  harbors,  for  which  there  is  no  special 
appropriation  provided  bylaw,  and  for  examination  and  sur- 
vey of  such  rivers  and  harbors  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Sec-  < 
refary  of  War,  will  subserve  the  genenil  interests  of  com- 
merce    1 

Total  .  . 

C 

c 

I 

8 

NOTE.  —  See  note  to  "  Surveys,  Atlantic  Coast,"  page  264. 

Bydrographic  Survey  of  the  Lakes. 
For  a  hydrographic  silrvey  of  the  coasts  of  the  northern  and 
northwestern  lakes  of  the  United  States,  t*>  be  expended 
under  the  direction  of  the  President  
For  the  continuation  of  the  surrey  of  the  northern  and  south-  < 
ern  lakes  of  the  United  States  ..  ..  ) 

For  coutinuat  ion  of  the  surveys  of  the  northern  and  northwest- 
ern lakes  of  the  ITnitWl  Sintes 

For  continuing  the  surveys  of  the  northern  and  northwestern  j 
lakes  j 

I. 

For  the  further  prosecution  of  the  survey  of  the  northern  and 
northwestern  lakes 

For  continuing  the  survey  of  the  northern  and  northwestern  N 

For  continuing  the  surveys  of  the  northern  and  northwestern 

For  continuing  the  survey  of  the  northern  and  northwestern 
lakes,  including  Lake  Superior:  I'rondtd,  That  a  survey  of 
so  much  of  the  communication  between  Lake  Huron  and 
the  Sault  Ste.  Marie  as  may  be  necessary  to  ascertain  what 
part  thereof  requires  to  be  deepened,  shall  be  made  without 
delay,  and  plans  and  estimates  of  the  nature  and  expense  of 
the  work  shall  be  laid  before  Congress  at  its  next  session  
( 

For  continuing  the  survey  of  the  northern  and  uorthwestern  J 

, 

u 
I 

1 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOB  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


267 


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268 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Statement  of  appropriations  and  expenditures  for  rivers  and  harbors,  &c.  —  Continued. 

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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Steam  (Ircdfjivtg-inachines  for  the  falces—  Continued. 
For  constructing  a  steam  dredge,  equipment  and  discharging  J 
scows  for  Lako  Michigan  .  .  _  _  ) 

To  pay  a  balance  duo  Lyon  and  Howard  

For  the  construction  of  a  steam  dredge,  equipment  and  dis-  ( 
charging  scows,  for  the  waters  of  the  Chesapeake  Bay  and< 
the  Atlantic  coast  ..  ..  / 

For  constructing  a  steam  dredge,  equipment  and  discharging! 
Hcnws  for  Lake  Ontario  . 

^ 

materials,  machinery,  tools,  and  labor  furnished  in  painting  I 
said  boats  J 

Total.. 

Snag-boats  and  dredge-boats. 
\ 

For  the  construction  and  repair  of  snag-bouls,  dredge-boats, 

li  -1  -it-  n  il  K'  A  TW 

I 

For  building  and  operating  two  dredges  and  snag-boats,  to  be 
used  on  tuo  Mississippi  River  between  Fort  Snelling  and< 
Rock  Island  Rapids..! 

j 

1 

Constriii-tion  of  an  iron  steamer. 
For  :iu  iron  steamer  to  bo  used  in  the  survey  of  the  northern  t 
and  northweNtern  lakes,  including  Lake  Superior,  under  the/ 
War  Department  .  .  1 

1 
1 

( 

For  constructing  a  steam  dredge,  equipment  and  scows  for  Lake 
Champlain,  and  improving  navigation  thereof  

To  supply  a  deficiency  in  the  appropriation  for  building  four 
steam  dredge-boats  in  use  by  the  War  Department  on  Lakes 

f  Minimal  i  i  n  T?%*»JI  "Minlii  f  »•»»  r»  nA  f~\  +  *'  -t  In  1*14* 

sippi,  Ohio,  Missouri,  Arkansas,  and  other  western  rivers  .. 

For  construction  of  snag-boats  and  other  apparatus  for  clear- 
ing western  rivers,  and  for  the  outfit,  working,  and  preser-. 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


269 


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General  object  (title  of  appropriation),  and  details  and  explanations. 

Purchase  and  management  of  Louiltville  and  Portland  Canal. 
By  the  act  of  March  :i,  1873,  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is) 
authorized  and  directed  to  assume,  on  behalf  of  the  Uuited 
States,  the  control  and  management  of  the  said  canal,  in  con- 
formity with  the  terms  of  the  joint  resolution  of  the  legisla- 
ture of  tin-  State  of  Kentucky,  approved  March  28.  187:2,  at 
such  time  and  in  such  manner  as  in  .his  judgment  the  inter- 
ests of  the  United  States,  and  the  commerce  thereof,  may  re- 
quire;  and  the  sum  of  money  necessary  to  enable  the  Secre- 
tary to  carry  this  provision  into  effect  is  hereby  appropriated  : 
Provided,  That  after  the  Uuited  States  shall  assume  control 
of  said  canal,  the  tolls  thereon  on  vessels  propelled  by  steam 
shall  be  reduced  to  M5  cents  per  ton,  and  on  all  other  vessels  1 
in  proportion  J 

Total  

Balance  

['iirchdxe.  of  Shrere's  patent. 
The  act  of  January  13,  1881,  provides  "That  the  Secretary  of 
ihe  Treasury  pay  to  the  legal  representatives  of  Henry  M. 
Sin-eve,  dec-cased,  the  sum  of  $50,000  as  a  full  compensation 
for,  and  in  satisfaction  of,  all  claims  for  the  invention  of  the 
steam  snag-boat,  and  for  the  use  of  the  same,  past,  present, 
and  future,  and  for  any  and  all  rights  that  the  said  Shreve 
may  have  acquired  under  the  patent  granted  to  him  for  the 
invention  of  the  steam  snaf-boat" 

APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES' FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


271 


272 


APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


Recapitulation  of  rivers  and  harbors  by  States  and  localities  —  Continued. 

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Recapitulation  of  rivers  and  harbors  by  States  and  localities  —  Continued. 

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APPROPRIATIONS  AND  EXPENDITURES  FOR  RIVERS  AND  HARBORS. 


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03 


I  N  3D  E  X  . 


A. 


Accotink  River,  Virginia 

Ahnepee  Harbor,  Wisconsin 

Alabama  River,  Alabama 

Albermarle  Sound,  N.  C.,  reopening  communica- 

tion  between  the  Atlantic  Ocean  and  ........ 

Alexandria,  Missouri,  improving  Mississippi  River 

at  and  above 

Allegheny  River,  Pennsylvania 

Alpena  Harbor,  Thunder  Bay,  Mich 

Altamaha  River,  Georgia 

Alton,  Illinois,  Mississippi  River  and  harbor  at- 

Amite'  River,  Louisiana 

Andalusia,  Illinois,  Mississippi  River  at 

Annapolis,  Maryland,  harbor  at 

Apalachicola  Bay,  Florida 

Apalachicola  River,  Florida 

Apalachicola  River  and  Bay,  Florida 

Appomattox  River,  Virginia 

Aquia  Creek,  Virginia 

Aransas  Pass  and  Bay,  Corpus  Christi,  Texas  . . . 

Archer's  Hope  River,  Virginia 

Arkansas  River  at  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas 

Arkansas  River  between  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas, 

and  Wichita,  Kansas 

Arkansas  River  at  Pine  Bluff,  Arkansas 

Arkansas  River,  removal  of  obstructions  in  the; 

snagging 69, 

Ashepoo  River,  South  Carolina 

Ashley  River,  South  Carolina 

Ashtabula  Harbor,  Ohio 

Au  Sable  Harbor,  Michigan 


Page. 
34,311 

88,217 
52,  117 

43, 190 

73. 235 

82, 200 
97,  158 
4(1,  133 

67. 236 
59, 140 
72,  233 
30, 148 
49, 130 
49, 130 
49, 129 
32,211 
34,212 
56,207 
38,212 
65,224 

65, 224 
65, 224 

249, 250 
44,  205 
4-1,205 

102, 193 

98, 15d 


B. 

Baltimore,  Maryland,  channel  in  Patapsco  River 

and  Chesapeake  Bay  leading  to 29, 148, 149 

Bangor,  Maine,  improvement  of  Penobscot  River 

and  Bay,  including 2, 143-145 

Bass  River,  Massachusetts 8, 151 

Bath,  Maine,  "  Gut"  opposite 3,  143 

Bayou  Black,  Louisiana 61,140 

Bayou  Bartholomew,  Louisiana  and  Arkansas..  64,225 

Bayou  Boeuf,  Louisiana 63, 140 

Bayou  Courtableau,  from  Port  Barre  to  the  Atch- 

afalaya,  Louisiana  61,140 

Bayou  La  Fourche,  Louisiana 62, 141 

Bayou  Teche,  connection  of,  with  Grand  Lake  at 

Charenton,  Louisiana 60, 141 

Bayou  Teche,  from  Saint  Maitinsville  to  Port 

Barre,  Louisiana 60, 141 

Bayou  Terreboue,  Louisiana 61, 141 

Beaufort  Harbor,  North  Carolina,  improvement 

of 40,189,191 

Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  line  of  inland  naviga- 
tion from,  to  New  Berne 40 

Beaufort,  North  Carolina,  opening  a  passage  to 

Pamlico  Sound 40,189,191 

Belfast  Harbor,  Maine 1, 143 

Belle  River,  Michigan,  ice-harbor 01),  158 

Benton  Harbor,  Michigan,  Saint,  Joseph's  Harbor 

and  channel  leading  to 96, 160 

Big  Hatchie  River,  Tennessee 04,206 

Big  Sandy  River,  West  Virginia  and  Kentucky.  84, 139 

Big  Sunflower  River,  Mississippi 03,170 

Biloxi,  Mississippi,  harbor  at 53 

Black  Lake  Harbor,  Michigan 96, 158 

H.  Ex.  64 37 


Page. 

Black  River,  Arkansas  and  Missouri 06,225 

Black  River  Harbor,  New  York 106, 176 

Black  River  Harbor,  Ohio 101, 193 

Black  Rock  Harbor,  Fairweather  Island,  Con- 
necticut   14 

Black  Rock  Harbor,  New  York 104,176 

Black  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Rivers,  Alabama 

and  Mississippi ;  •     52, 261 

Blackwater  River,  Virginia 38,212 

Block  Island  Harbor,  Rhode  Island 11,203 

Blue  Buck  Bar  and  Sabine  Pass,  Texas 54, 209 

Boston  Harbor,  Massachusetts 7, 151 

Brazos  River,  Texas,  mouth  of 56,  207 

Brazos  Santiago,  Texas,  harbor  at 56, 207 

Breton  Bay  (Leonardtown),  Maryland 34, 149 

Bridgeport  Harbor,  Connecticut 14,121 

Broad   Creek,    Delaware,    from    its    mouth    to 

Laurel 30,126 

Broadkilu  River,  Delaware 27, 126 

Brown.  Fort,  Texas,  protection  of  the  bank  of 

the  Rio  Grande  at 57, 209 

Brunswick  Harbor,  Georgia 45, 133 

Bucksport,  Me.,  Penobscot  River  and  Bay,  in- 
cluding   2,143,145 

Buffalo  Bayou,  Texas 55,208 

Buffalo  Harbor,  New  York 104, 176 

Burlington,  Iowa,  Rush  Chute  and  harbor  of. . .     72,234 

Burlington  Harbor,  Vermont 107,210 

Buttermilk  Channel,  New  York 17, 177 

C. 

Cahaba  River,  Alabama 51 

Cahokia  Chute 68,236 

Calcasieu  Pass,  Louisiana 62,141 

Calcusieu  River,  from  Phillip's  Bluff  to  its  month, 

Louisiana 62, 141 

Caloosahatchee  River,  Florida 50 

Calumet,  Illinois,  harbor  at 92, 135 

Cambridge  Harbor,  Maryland 30,148 

Camden,  Maine,  Penobscot  River  and  Bay,  in- 
cluding  2,143,145 

Canal,  Cascades  of  Columbia  River.  Oregon 111,226 

Canal,  Dismal  Swamp,  Virginia  and  North  Caro- 
lina   38,229 

Canal,   Louisville  and  Portland,  operating  and 

maintaining 82,254 

Canal,  Saint  Clair  Flats  Ship 99,105 

Canal,  Saint  Mary's  Falls  Ship 97,167 

Caiiiirsie  Bay,  New  York 22, 178 

Caney  Fork  River,  Tennessee 79,206 

Cape  Fear  River,  from  the  Ocean  to  Wilmington, 

North  Carolina 33,189 

Cape  Fear  River,  from  Wilmington  to  Fayette- 

ville,  North  Carolina 42, 189 

Cape  Girardeau,  Missouri,  improvemeiit  of  Mis- 
sissippi River  at  or  near 68,237 

Ciithance  River,  Maine 3, 143 

Cattaraugus  Creek,  Lake  Erie,  New  York 103, 178 

Cedar  Keys,  Florida,  harbor  at 54, 130 

Cedar  Point  and    Westport   Harbor,  Connecti- 
cut   14,122,120 

Cedar  River,  mouth  of,  west  side  of  Green  Bay, 

Michigan 87 

Charenton,    Louisiana,    connection    of    Bayou 

Teche  with  Grand  Lake  at 60,141 

Channel  in  Patapsco  River  and  Chesapeake  Bay 

leading  to  Baltimore,  Maryland 29, 148, 149 

287 


288 


INDEX. 


Page. 
Channel  between  North  Hero  and  South  Hero, 

Lake  Champlain 108,211 

Channel  between  Statt-n  Island  and  New  Jersey,  19,259 

Charleston  Harbor,  Smith  Carolina 44,205 

Charlevoix  Harbor.  Michigan 93,159 

Chiirlut te  Harbor,  New  York 105,  178 

C'hattahoiM  In •!•  River.  Georgia  and  Alabama 41t,  -J-J.r) 

Cheboygaii  Ilarlior,  Michigan 117,159 

Cheesei|uakes  Creek,  New  Jersey '21,173 

Chehalis  River,  Oregon 113 

Ches:i]ieake  liny,  channel  in  I'atapsco  KJ-I  "  and, 

leading  to  Baltimore.  Mary  land 29,148,140 

Chester  I' reek,  Pennsylvania 2r>,201 

Chester,  Pennsylvania,  ice-harbor  at 24,201 

Chester  River  at  Kent  Island  Narrows,  Maryland.  29, 149 
Chester  River,  from  Spry's  Landing  to  Crump- 
ton,  Maryland ait,  149 

Chicago  Harbor.  Illinois 92, 136 

Chick  a  hominy  River,  Virginia 36,212 

Chippewa  River  at  Yellow  Hanks 7(i,217 

Chippewa  River,  Wisconsin 76,217 

Chipola  River,  Florida 54, 130 

Choctawhateliee  Eiver,  Florida  and  Alabama  ..  51,225 
Choptauk  River,  between  Denton  and  Greens- 
borough,  Maryland 30, 149 

Church's  Cove,  'Rhode  Island 10, 203 

Cincinnati,  harbor  of  refuge  near 83, 194 

Cleveland  Harbor,  Ohio 102, 194 

Clinch  River,  Tennessee 78,206 

Clinton  Harbor,  Connecticut 13 

Clinton  River,  Michigan 99, 159 

Coanjok  Bay,  North  Carolina 39, 190 

Coliscook  Bay,  Maine 4, 143 

Coeheco  River,  New  Hampshire 5,172 

Cohansey  Creek,  New  Jersey 26,173 

Coldw  ater  River,  Mississippi 63,170 

Colorado  River,  Texas 57,208 

Columbia  and  Lower  Willamette  Rivers,   from 

Portland,  Oregon,  to  the  sea 110,200 

Columbia  River,  Oregon,  canal  at  cascades  of 

the 111,226 

Conecuh  River,  Alabama  and  Florida 51 

Conneaut  Harbor,  Ohio 102,195 

Connecting  the  waters  of  Indian  River  and  Mos- 
quito Lagoon  at  the  Hanlo ver 47, 130 

Connection  of  Bayou  Teche  with  Grand  Lake  at 

Cbarenton,  Louisiana 60, 141 

Connecticut  River,  Massachusetts  and  Connecti- 
cut      11,122 

Contentnea  Creek  (Moccasin),  North  Carolina..  41, 190 

Coosa  River,  Georgia  and  Alabama 80,226 

Coosavtattee  River,  Georgia 80,134 

Coos  Bay,  Oregon,  entrance  to 112, 199 

Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  Aransas  Pass  and  Bay ...  56, 207 

Corsica  Creek,  Maryland 29 

Coquille  River,  Oregon,  mouth  of 112,199 

Cowlitz  River,  Washington  Territory 113,216 

Crisfield,  Maryland,  harbor  of 31,  149 

(ni\  re  River,  Missouri 74,171 

Cumberland  River 78,  227 

Cumberland  River,  South  Fork,  Kentucky 81 

Cumberland   Sound,  entrance  to,  Georgia  and 

Florida 47,228 

Cunningham  Creek,  Lake  Erie,  Ohio 103,195 

Current  River,  Missouri  and  Arkansas 67,228 

Currituck  Sound,  Coanjok  Bay,  and  North  River 

and  Bar,  North  Carolina 39, 190 

Cypress  Bayou,  Texas  and  Louisiana 65,  22o 

D. 

Dan  River,  Virginia  and  North  Carolina..'. 36,228 

Darien  Harbor.  Georgia 46, 133 

Deal's  Island  water  passage,  Maryland  (upper 

thoroughfare) 30 

Deal's  Island  water  passage,  Maryland  (lower 

thoroughfare) '..c 30,149 

Delaw  are  Hay.  iee-h arbor  at  the  head  of 24 

I).  l.iwareHay  neat  Lewes, Delaware,  ironpieriu  27, 127 

Delaware  Breakwater,  harbor  at 28, 126 


Delaware  Breakwater  Harbor,  removal  of  wrecks 
from 

Delaware  River,  below  Bridesburg,  Pennsylva- 
nia   

Delaware  River,  between  Trenton  and  Urides- 
l>urg 

Delaware  River,  ice  harbor  at  Reedy  Island 

Des  Moiues  Rapids  Canal 

Dry-dock  at  Des  Moines  Rapids  Canal 

Des  Moiiies  Rapids  Canal,  operating  and  care  of 

Detroit  River  at  Lime-Kiln  Crossing,  Michigan. 

Dickey's  Island  to  mouth  of  Ohio 

Dismal  Swamp  Canal,  Virginia  and  North  Caro- 
lina (''improving  the  navigation  of  the  natural 
channels  at  the  north  and  south  entrances  to") 

Dubuque,  Iowa,  Mississippi  River,  opposite 

Dubuqe,  Iowa,  ice-harbor  at 

Duck  Creek,  Delaware,  mouth  of 

Duck  River,  Tennessee 

Duluth  Harbor,  Minnesota 

Dunkirk  Harbor,  New  York 

Duxbury  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

E. 

Kaule  Harbor,  Michigan 

East  Chester  Creek,  Now  York 

East  River  and  at  Hell  Gate,  New  York,  removing 

obstructions  in 

Keho  Harbor,  New  Rochelle,  New  York 

Kdeiiton  Harbor,  North  Carolina 

Edisto  River.  South  Carolina 

Edgartown  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

F.  1 11  h  teen-mile  Creek,  New  York 

Elizabeth  River,  New  Jersey 

Elizabeth  River,  Virginia 

Elk  River,  Maryland 

Elk  River,  West  Virginia 

Erie  Harbor,  Pennsylvania 

Escambia  River,  Alabama  and  Florida 

Ktowah  River,  Georgia 

Exeter  River,  New  Hampshire 

F. 

Fail-port  Harbor  (Grand  River),  Ohio 

Fall  River,  Massachusetts 

Falls  of  Saint  Anthony,  Minnesota 

Falls  of  the  Ohio  River 

Feather  and  Sacramento  Rivers,  California 

Fernandina,  Florida,  inside  passage  between, 

and  Saint  John's  River,  Florida 

Flint  River,  Georgia ... 

Flushing  Bay,  New  York 

Fort  Brown,  Texas,  protection  of  the  banks  of 

the  Rio  Grande -tit 

Fort  Madison,  Iowa,  harbor  at 

Fort  Smith,  Arkansas,  Arkansas  River  at 

Fourche  La  Feve  River,  Arkansas 

Fox  and  Wisconsin  Rivers 

Frankford  Creek,  Pennsylvania 

Frankfort  Harbor,  Michigan 

French  Broad  River,  North  Carolina 

French  Broad  River,  Tennessee 

G. 

Galena  River  and  Harbor,  Illinois 

Galveston  Harbor,  Texas 

Galveston  Bay,  Ship  Channel  in 

Gasconade  River,  Missouri 

Georgetown,  D.  C.,  improvement  of  harbor 

Georgetown  Harbor,  South  Carolina ' 

Gloucester  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

Goose  Rapids,  Red  River  of  the  North,  lock  and 

dam  at 

(iowanus  Bay  Channel,  New  York 

Grand  Lake,  connection  of,  with  Bayou  Teche  at 

Charenton,  Louisiana 

Grand  Marais,  Minnesota,  harbor  at 

Grand  Marais,  Michigan,  harbor  of  refuge  at  ... 


Page. 
28,127 


23,228 

24,  128 

73,234 

74 

73 

99,  i:.9 
68,836 


38, 229 

72, 233 

74 

26, 127 

78,207 

85,  169 

103, 179 

9,153 


86, 160 
22,179 

If,,  180 

17, 180 

39, 190 

47 

8,153 

104, 184 

20, 173 

38,212 

29, 149 

32,216 

103, 201 

51,229 

81,133 

5,172 


102, 196 
10, 153 
74,231 
82,254 

109, 120 

47,  259 
48, 133 
18, 180 

57,209 
73,234 
65,224 
67, 119 
91,218 
24 

93, 160 
37, 230 
77, 230 


74, 137 
55, 208 
55, 208 
70, 172 
33.  224 
43,206 
6,153 

76,257 
17,180 

60,141 

86, 169 
87, 161 


INDEX. 


289 


Page. 


Grand  Haven  Harbor,  Michigan  -----.-•:  .......  S' 

Grand  River,  below  Grand  Rapids,  Michigan  .  .  .  95, 
Grass  River  Harbor,  at  Masscua,  New  York  .... 

Great  Kanawlia  River,  West  Virginia  ..........  ?,' 

Great  Pee  Dee,  River,  South  Carolina  ...........  *3i 

Great  Sodns  Harbor,  New  York  ...............  108, 

Green  Bay  Harbor,  Wisconsi  11  .................  ' 

Greenport  Harbor,  New  York  .................. 

"  Gut,"  opposite  Bath,  Maine  ..................  ,', 

Guttenbnrg,  Iowa,  Mississippi  River  at  ........  vl, 

Gnyandotte  River,  West  Virginia  ..............     o-* 


161 
107 

»« 

-"•> 
181 

JB 
*» 

,00 
M.I 


L. 


H. 


Hampton  River,  Virginia 

Hannibal,  Missouri,  Mississippi  River  at 

Harbor  of  Refuge  at  Portage  Luke,  Michigan  .. 
Harbor  of  Refuge  at  the  entrance  to  Sturgeon 

Bay  Canal,  Wisconsin 

Harbor  of  Refuge  at  Grand  Marais,  Michigan  .. 

Harbors  of  Refuge  in  Lake  Pepin  --------- 

Harbor  of  Refuge,  Sand  Beach,  Lake  Huron, 

Michigan :  — 

Harbor  of  Refuge,  Milwaukee  Bay,  Wisconsin.. 

Harbor  of  Refuge,  near  Cincinnati 

Harbor  of  Refuge  on  the  Pacific  coast  

Harlem  River,  New  York V>~~" 

Haulover,  connecting  the  waters  of  Indian  Kiver 

and  Mosquito  Lagoon  at  the 

Hay  Lake  Channel,  St.  Mary's  River,  Michigan . . 
Hell  Gate,  New  York,  removing  obstructions  in 

East  River  and  at 

Hiwassee  River,  Tennessee 

Housatonic  River,  Connecticut 

Hudson  River,  New  York 

Hudson  Kiver,  dredging  mud-bars  in  the,  opposite 

Jersey  City  

Hnmboidt  Harbor  and  Bay,  California 

Huutingtou  Harbor,  New  York 

Huron  Harbor,  Ohio  

Ilyannis  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

I. 

Ice-harbor,  Belle  River,  Michigan 

Ice-harbor  at  Chester,  Pennsylvania 

Ice-harbor  at  Dubuque,  Iowa 

Ice-harbor  at  Marcus  Hook,  Pennsylvania 

lew-harbor  at  mouth  of  Muskiiigum 

Ice-harbor  at  Reedy  Island,  Delaware  River 

Ice-harbor  at  the  head  of  Delaware  Bay ,- 

Illinois  River r""\ 

Indian  River,  connecting  the  waters  of,  and 

Mosquito  Lagoon  at  the  Haulover 

Indian  River,  Delaware 

Inland  navigation,  line  of,  from  New  Berne  to 

Beaufort,  North  Carolina ;-'•'• 

Inside  passage  between  Fernandina  and  Saint 

John's  River,  Florida 


36, 213 

74, -235 
94, 165 

88,  223 
87, 161 
71 

98, 161 
90, 2-21 
83, 194 
110,121 
16, 181 

47, 130 

97 

16. 180 
78, 207 
13, 123 

15. 181 


15, 18-2 
110,120 

14, 182 

101, 196 

8,153 


99, 158 
24,201 

74 

24,202 
83, 197 
24, 128 

24 
92, 137 

47, 130 
27 

40 
47,259 


J. 

James  River,  Virginia 31,213 

Jersey  City,  dredging  mud-bars  in  Hudson  River 

opposite I'1"'*  1^2 

Jonesport,  Maim-,  Moose-a-bec  Bar  at 1, 145 

K. 

Kaskaskia  Bend 68,236 

Kennel  ice  Kiver,  Maine 2,  143 

Kenuebnuk  River,  Maine 4, 144 

Kenosba  (Southport)  Harbor,  Wisconsin 91,21 

Kentucky  River,  Kentucky 83,139 

Keyport  Harbor,  New  Jersey 

Key  \\Yst  Harbor,  Florida 

Ke'waunee  Harbor,  Wisconsin 89, 220 


La  Grange  Bayou,  Florida '*'n"-'C 

Lake  Huron,  harbor  of  refuge  at  Sand  Beach, 

Michigan ; 

Lake  Pepin,  harbors  of  refuge  iu 

Lake  Pontchartrain,  Louisiana,  harbor  on 

Lake  WinipisMogee,  New  Hampshire 

Lamprey  River,  New  Hampshire 

L'Angnille  River,  Arkansas 

La  Plaisance  Bay,  Michigan 

Leonardfcown,  Breton  Bay,  Maryland 


Pago. 


53 


Lewes,  Delaware,  pier  in  Delaware  Bay,  near 

Liberty  Bar,  Mississippi  River 

Lillington  River,  North  Carolina -- -- 

Lime-Kiln  Crossing,  Michigan,  Detroit  River  at. 

Line  of  inland  navigation  from  New  Berne  to 
Beaufort,  North  Carolina 

Little  Egg  Harbor,  New  Jersey 

Little  Kauawha  River,  West  Virginia 

Little  Missouri  River,  Arkansas .......... 

Little  Narragansett  Bay,  Rhode  Island  and  Con- 
necticut   

Little  Sodns  Harbor,  New  York 

Little  Tennessee  River,  Tennessee -  -  ---•-,- 

Lock  and  dam  on  Mississippi  River  at  Meeker s 

Island -.-••. : 

Louisiana,  Missouri,  Mississippi  River  at 

Louisville  and  Portland  Canal,  operating   and 

maintaining  the 

Lower  Clearwater  River,  Idaho 

Lower  Willamette  and  Columbia  rivers,   from 

Portland,  Oregon,  to  the  sea 

Lubcc  Channel,  Maine ;,V,v 

Ludington  (P6re  Marqnette)  Harbor,  Michigan. 
Lynn  Harbor,  Massachusetts , 

M. 

Machias  River,  Maine 

Maiden  River,  Massachusetts 

Mamaroueck  Harbor,  New  York 

Manatee  River,  Florida 

Manasquan  Kiver,  New  Jersey 

Manistee  Harbor,  Michigan 

Manistiqne  Harbor,  Michigan 

Manitowoc  Harbor,  Wisconsin 

Mantua  Creek,  New  Jersey 

Marblehead  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

Marcus  Hook,  Pennsylvania,  ice-harbor  at 

Marquette  Harbor,  Michigan .' YV1 

Matngorda  Bay,  Texas,  PassCavallo,  inlet  to. .. 

Mattaponi  River,  Virginia 

Mat  tii wan  Creek,  New  Jersey 

Maurice  River,  New  Jersey •  •-•_  --.---.- 

Meeker"8  Island  lock  and  dam  on  Mississippi 

River 

Meherrin  River,  North  Carolina 

Memphis  Harbor,  Tennessee 

Menomonee  Harbor,  Michigan 

Merrimac  River,  Massachusetts 

Michigan  City,  Indiana : 

Milford  Harbor,  Connecticut WV 

Milwaukee  Bay,  Wisconsin,  Harbor  of  Refuge  .. 

Mil  waukee  Harbor,  Wisconsin 

Minnesota  River,  Minnesota  and  Dakota 

Mississippi  River: 

above  the  Falls  of  Saint  Anthony 

and  Harbor  at  Alton,  Illinois 

at  and  above  Alexandria,  Missouri 

at  Andalusia,  Illinois 

at  Gutteubnrg,  Iowa 

at  Hannibal,  Missouri 

at  or  near  Cape  Girardeau 

at  Liberty  Bar - 

at  Louisiana,  Missouri -  - 

at  Qnincy,  Illinois,  improvement  ot 

between  Illinois  and  Ohio  Rivers 

between  Missouri  and  Maramec  Rivers 

between  Missouri  and  Ohio  Rivers 

from  Cairo  to  the  passes 


98, 161 
71 

60, 142 
4,173 
5, 172 
66,  119 
100, 161 
34, 149 
•27,127 
68, 236 
42, 190 
99, 159 

40 

20, 174 
84,217 
67,119 

11,230 

KI5, 182 
81 

75,231 
74,235 

82,254 
112,135 

110,200 
1,144 
94, 162 

7 


1,145 

7 

15 

50 

20, 174 
94, 162 
87,162 

89. 220 
25 

6,154 
24, 202 
86, 162 
56,258 
35, 213 
21,  174 
27 

75,231 
39 

58, 237 
8?,  230 
6, 154 
93, 137 
13, 123 

90. 221 
90,220 
75, 169 

75, 231 
67.  236 
73,235 
72,233 
71,233 
74,235 
68,237 
68, 236 
74,235 

73. 235 

68. 236 
(17,  235 
IH,  235 


290 


JNDKX. 


Page. 
Mississippi  River — Continued. 

from  Des  Moiiies  Rapids  to  Illinois  River  . ..  71.-':!"' 

from  Saint  I'aul  to  DCS  Moines  Kapids "  1 .  232 

from  tin-  bridge  above  I. a  Crossc,  Wisconsin, 

to  jnouth  nt'  Root  River 71,232 

Meek  cr's  Island  lock  and  dam 75,231 

months  of 57,237 

opposite  JiiiliiKjuc,  Iowa 72,233 

pier  in,  near  Saint  Louis,  Missouri t>7,237 

Mississippi,   Missouri,  and  Arkansas  Rivers, 

removal  of  obstructions  in,  snagging  .  ..09,249,  250 

reservoirs  at  sources  of,  and  its  tributaries..  77,'JiiO 

Rock  Island  Rapid* 72,  233 

Rock  River  Rapids  aud  Des  Moines  Rapids 

of  the :..  73,234 

( 1,'pper),  operations  of  snagboats 71,'Jiii 

Mississippi  Kiver  Conmiission :"o,-21ij 

Missouri  Kiver: 

above  mouth  of  Yellowstone 70,251 

bet  \\  ecu  Sioux  City  and  the  month. ..69,251,252,  253 
removal  of  obstructions  in  the,  snagging..  09,249,250 

Mispillion  Creek,  Delaware 26,128 

Mobile  Harbor,  Alabama 48, 117 

Monongahela  Kiver,  Pennsylvania  and  West  Vir- 
ginia   83,253 

Monroe  Harbor,  Michigan 10(1,  lb'3 

Moose-a-bee  liar  at  Join-sport,  Maine 1, 145 

Mosquito  Lagoon,  connecting  the  waters  of  In- 
dian Kiver  ami,  at  the  Haulover 47, 130 

Mount  Vernon,  Virginia,  channel  at  33,215 

Muscatine,  Iowa,  harbor  at 72,  2;i3 

Muskegon  Harbor,  Michigan 95,  lt>3 

Miiskingiim  Kiver,  ice-harbor  at  mouth  of 83, 197 

N. 

Nag's  Head,  North  Carolina. — Reopening  a  com- 
munication between  Albemarle  Sound,  North 

Carolina,  and  the  Atlantic  Ocean 43, 190 

Xansemond  River,  Virginia 38,213 

Nantncket   Harbor,  Massachusetts 8,154 

Narragansctt  Bay  and  Providence  River,  Rhode 

Island 10,205 

Narraguagus  River,  Maine 2,145 

Natchez  and  Vidalia,  Mississippi 58,237 

NVabsco  Creek,  Virginia •  33,213 

Neclies  Kiver,  Texas 55,209 

Newark  Bay,  New  Jersey 19, 174 

New  Bedford  Harbor,  Massachusetts 9, 155 

New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  line  of  inland  navi- 
gation from,  to  Beaufort 40 

New  Buffalo  Harbor,  Michigan 93, 164 

New  bury  port  Harbor,  Massachusetts 6,155 

New  Castle  Harbor,  Delaware 26, 128 

New  Haven  Harbor,  Connecticut 13,123 

New  Haven,  Connecticut,  breakwater  at 13, 123 

New  Jersey,  channel  between  Staten  Island  and.  19,259 

New  London  Harbor,  Connecticut 12,124 

New  Orleans,  Louisana,  harbor  of 58,237—. 

.Newport  Harbor,  Rhode  Island 10,204 

New  River,  North  Carolina,  improving 40,189-191 

New  River,  North  Carolina,  removing  shoal  in  .49, 189, 191 
.New  Kiver,  from  the  mouth  of  Wilson  in  Gray- 
son  County,  Virginia,  to  mouth  of  Greeubrier 

in  West  Virginia 32,254 

New  Kocbelle  Harbor,  New  York 17,180 

Xewto\Mi  Creek,  New   York 22,183 

Neuse  River,  North  Carolina 41,190 

Niagara  Kiver,  at  Tonawauda Harbor,  New  York.  104, 1H3 

Nomini  Creek,  Virginia 34,214 

Nootsack  Kiver,  Washington  Territory 113,216 

Norfolk  Harbor,  Virginia 37,214 

North  Branch  of  Sus<iuehauna  River,  Pennsyl- 
vania    28,203 

Northeast  Kiver,  Maryland 28,149 

Xorth  Kiver  and  Bar,  North  Carolina 39,190 

North  Landing  Kiver,  Virginia  and  North  Caro- 
lina   39,254 

North  Hero  and  South  Hero,  Lake   Champlain, 

channel  between 108,211 

Harbor,  Connecticut 14,124 


Page. 

Nottoway  River,  Virginia 39, 214 

Noxubee   Kiver,  Mississippi 53, 170 


O. 


Oakland  Harbor,  California , 

Oak  Orchard  Harbor,  New  York 

Ol icy's  River,  Tennessee 

( 'ccoquan  Kiver,  Virginia. 

Oehlawaha  Kiver,  Florida 

Ochlocbney  Kiver,  Florida 

Oomolgee  Kiver,  Georgia 

Ocouee  Kiver,  Georgia 

Oconto  Harbor,  Wisconsin 

Ocracoke  Inlet,  North  Carolina 

Ogdensbiirg  Harbor,  New  York 

Ohio   Kiver 

Ohio  River,  Dickey's  Island  to  mouth  of  the 

Ohio  Kiver.  improvement  of  Falls  of 

Olcott  Harbor  (Eighteen-mile  Creek),  New  York 

Old  Town  C'rcck,  Mississippi 

Onancock,  Virginia,  harbor  of 

Ontonagon   Harbor,  Michigan 

Costenaula  River,  Georgia 

O>age  Ki  ver,  Kansas  and  Missouri 

Oswego  Harbor,  New  York 

Olter  Creek,  Vermont 

Ouachita  River,  Arkansas  and  Louisiana 


108, 120 

105. 183 
HO, 207 
34,214 
50, 131 
50, 131 
81,133 
81,134 
88,221 
43, 191 

106, 187 
82,225 
68,236 
82,254 

104. 184 
53 

31,214 
86, 164 
HO,  134 
69, 257 
106, 184 
108,211 
(14,257 

P. 

Pacific  Coast,  harbor  of  refuge  on 110, 121 

1'agan  Creek,  Virginia 38,214 

Pamplico  and  Tar  Rivers,  North  Carolina 40, 191 

Pamplico  Sound,  North  Carolina,  opening  a  pas- 
sage between  Beaufort  aud 49,189,191 

Pamunkey  River,  Virginia 36,215 

I'ascagonia  Kiver,  Mississippi 53,170 

Passaic  Kiver  above  Newark,  New  Jersey 19, 174 

Passaic  Kiver  from  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Bridge 

to  its  mouth 19,174 

Pass  an  Heron,  Alabama 54, 118 

Pass  Cavallo,  inlet  to  Matagorda  Bay,  Texas  ...  56,258 
Patapsco  Kiver  and  Chesapeake  Bay  leading  to 

Baltimore,  Maryland,  channel  in 29, 148, 149 

Pawcatuck  Kiver,  Rhode  Island  and  Connecticut.  11,257 

Pawtncket  River,  Rhode  Island 10,204 

Pearl  Kiver  In-low  Jackson,  Mississippi 59,171 

Pearl  River  from  Jackson  to  Carthage,  Missis- 
sippi   58,171 

Peas  Creek,  Florida 50,131 

Peconic  River,  New  York 15,  185 

Peuobscot  River  and  Bay,  including  harbors  at 

Bangor,  Bucksport,  and  C'amdeu,  Maine 2, 143, 145 

Pensacola  Harbor,  Florida 48, 131 

Peusaukee  Harbor,  Wisconsin 88 

Pentwater  Harbor,  Michigan 94, 164 

IVpiu,  Lake,  harbor  of  refuge  in 71 

P6re  Marquette  Harbor.  Michigan 94,162 

Perquimans  River,  North  Carolina 39, 192 

Petalurna  Creek,  California 109,120 

Pier  in  the  Mississippi  River,  near  Saint  Louis, 

Missouri 67,236 

Pier  near  Lewes,  Delaware 27, 127 

Pine  Bluff,  Arkansas,  Arkansas  Kiver  at 65,224 

Pilie  River,  at  its  junction  with  Saint  Clair  River, 

Michigan 99, 165 

Piscataqua  Kiver,  Maine 4, 146 

Plattsburg  Harbor,  New  York 107,185 

Plymouth  Harbor,  Massachusetts 7, 155 

Pocoraoke  River,  Maryland 31, 150 

Pontcbartrain,  Lake,  La.,  harbor  oil 00,142 

Portage  Lake,  Michigan,  Harbor  of  Refuge 94, 165 

Port  Chester  Harbor,  New  York 17, 186 

Port  Clinton  Harbor,  Ohio 100,197 

Port  Jefferson  Harbor,  New  York 15. 186 

Port  Huron,  Michigan,  Saint  Clair  River  at 98, 165 

Portland  Harbor,  Lake  Eric,  New  York 103,186 

Portland  Harbor,  Maine 3, 146 

Portsmouth  Harbor,  New  Hampshire 5,173 

Port  Ontario  Harbor  (mouth  of  Salmon  River), 

New  York 106,186 


INDEX. 


291 


Qnincv  Bay,  Mississippi  River,  Illinois.........     73,235 

Quiney,    Illinois,    improvement    of    Mississippi 
River  at 'A'M 

R. 

Racine  Harbor,  Wisconsin 

Racoon  River,  New  Jersey 

Rah  way  River,  New  Jersey 

Rancocas  River,  New  Jersey 

Rappahannock  River,  Virginia 

Raritan  Bay,  New  Jersey 

Raritan  River,  New  Jersey -  -  - 

Red  River,  Louisiana,  Arkansas  and  lexas 

Red  River  of  the  North,  Minnesota  and  Dakota. 
Red  River  of  the  North,  lock  and  dam  at  Goose 

Rapids 

Red  River,  Tennessee ---- 

Reedy  Island,  Delaware  River,  ice-harbor  at... 

Reservoirs  at  the  sources  of  the   Mississippi  and 
its  tributaries 

Richmond  Harbor,  Maine ' 

Richmond  Island  Harbor,  Maine 

Rio  Grande,  protection  of  the  bank  of  the,  at 
Fort  Brown,  Texas rvV";" 

Roanoke  River,  Virginia  and  Norlh  Carolina.. . 

Rock  Island,  Illinois,  harbor  at 

Rock  Island  Rapids,  Mississippi  River 

Rockland  Harbor,  Maine 

Rock  River  Rapids  and  Des  Moines  Rapids  m  the 
Mississippi  River 

Rocky  River,  Ohio 

Romerly  Marsh,  Georgia 

Rondon't  Harbor,  New  York   

Royals  River,  Maine 

Rush  Chute  and  Harbor  of  Burlington,  Iowa... 

S. 


Page. 

Potowomnt  River,  Rhode  Island   ..... 
Potomac  River  in  the   vicinity  of  Washington, 

District  of  Columbia -  -  •  -  -  -  -  -  - .-  -  -          Jj? 

Port  Washington  Harbor  (Ozankee),  Wisconsin .     90, 2B1 
Providence  River  and  Narragansett  Bay,  Rhod  .          ^ 

Island  ; " "  °A" a  T'ifi 

Proviucetown  Harbor,  Massachusetts  B,  lo 

Pultneyville  Harbor,  New  York 100,187 

Q- 
Oueenstown,  Maryland,  harbor  at. 

y     .  ,»  •»••_._•• :     "O :,.«»-     TliinrktB 


91,221 
25 

20, 175 
24, 175 
34,215 
21,175 
18, 175 
G2, 258 
7G,  257 

76.257 
80, 207 
24, 128 

77,230 
2,146 
4,147 

57, 209 
36, 192 
72,233 

72. 233 
2,147 

73,234 
102, 197 
46 

16,187 
3,147 

72. 234 


Page. 


Sabiue  Pass  and  Bine  Buck  Bar,  Texas 

Sabiue  River,  Texas 

Sackett's  Harbor,  New  York 

Saco  River,  Maine 

Sacramento  and  Feather  Rivers,  California 

Saginaw  River,  Michigan 

Saint  Anthony,  Falls  of,  Minnesota 

Saint  Augustine  Creek,  Georgia 

Saint  Augustine  Harbor,  Florida 

Saiut  Clair  Flats  Ship-Canal 

Saint   Clair   River,    at    Port   Huron,    mouth   of 

Black  River,  Michigan 

Saint  Clair  River,  Michigan,  Pine  River  at  junc- 
tion w  ith 

Saint  Croix  River,  below  Taylor's  Falls,  Minne- 
sota and  Wisconsin 

Saint  Croix    River  near  Calais,   Maine,   break- 
water in 

Saiut  Francis  River,  Arkansas 

Saint  Jerome's  Creek,  Maryland 

Saint  John's  River,  Florida 

Saint  John's  River,  Florida,  inside  passage  be- 
tween, and  Fcrnandina 

Saiut  Jones  River,  Delaware 

Saint  Joseph's  Harbor  and  Channel  leading  to 

Beuton  Harbor,  Michigan 

Saint  Louis,  Missouri,  piers  in  Mississippi  River, 

near 

Saiut  Mark's  River,  Florida 


97, 167 


54,209 
54,210 

106,187 
4,147 

109, 120 
98, 165 
74,231 
46, 134 
47, 131 
99, 165 

98,165 

99. 165 
75, 259 

1,147 
66, 119 
34, 150 

46. 131 

47,259 
27, 129 

96. 166 

67,237 

53. 132 


Saint  Mary's  Falls  Canal  and  Saint  Mary's  River, 
Michigan  .......................  VVVril"" 

Saint  Mary's  River,  Michigan,  Hay  Lake  Chan- 
nel  of  .......................................       ,.  ,  r/; 

Salem  Harbor,  Massachusetts  ..................  oc'  i~- 

Salem  River,  New  Jersey  ...........  ...........  JH" 

Saline  River,  Arkansas  ........................  "'•  l* 

Salkiehatchie  River,  South  Carolina  ..........  - 

Sand  Beach,  Lake  Huron,  Michigan,  harbor  ot 

refuse  at  ....................................  iinty 

San  Diego  Harbor,  California  ..................  Inn  108 

Sandusky  City  Harbor,  Ohio  ...................  Ini   io« 

Sandusky  River,  Ohio  ..........................       i  ijw 

Sandy  Bay,  Massachusetts  .....  -  ...............  t  ift  19 

San  Francisco  Harbor,  California  ..............  ?S  i«1 

San  Joaqnin  River,  California  .................     <-,\mR 

Santee  River,  South  Carolina  ............  ......     4-*.  " 

Saugatuck  Harbor  (mouth  of  Kalamazoo),  M      - 

Sa'vanna'li  "River'and  Harbor,  Georgia  .....  .....     45,  134 

Savannah  River  above  Augusta,  Georgia  ........     4o,  B» 

Savannah  River  below  Augusta,  Georgia  .......     Si'S? 

Schuylkill  River,  Pennsylvania  ................      *  is? 

Scituate  Harbor,  Massachusetts  ................       '  •  };>' 

Scupperuong  River,  North  Carolina  ............     *£>•<> 

Sebewaing  Harbor,  Michigan  ..................     98,  108 

Secretary  Creek,  Maryland  ....................     •«.'•> 

Sheboygan  Harbor,  Wisconsin  .................     »•  » 

Sheepshead  Bay,  New  York  ....................     »,  «» 

Shenandoah  River,  Virginia  ..................    iS'tie 

Shrewsbury  River,  New  Jersey  .................  ,  J?5« 

Skagit  River,  Washington  Territory  ...........  11J,.<1 

Snag-boats,  operations  of,  improving  Upper  Mis- 
sissippi  River  .........................  Y/-'V"     71lB5W 

Snagging,  removal  of  obstructions  in  the  MISMS- 
sippi,  Missouri,  and  Arkansas  Rivers  .......  69,249,250 

Snake  and  Upper  Columbia  Rivers,  Oregon  and          • 
Washington  .....................  :  ...........   tts'SJi 

Snohomish  River,  Washington  Territory  .......   ll.pl 

Suoqualniie  River,  Washington  "territory  ......   J"'fi 

Sodus  Harbor,  New  York,  Great  .............  10a,  18 

Sodus  Harbor,  New  York,  Little  ...............  105,  1W 

South  Forked  Deer  River,  Texas  ............... 

South  Fork  of  Cumberland  River,  Kentucky  ....       •     « 

South  Haven  Harbor,  Michigan  ................     9b,  Ib 

South  Hero,  channel  between  North  Hero  and, 

LakeChamplain  ......................  .....  •-     °?<*\ 

Southport  Harbor,  Connecticut  ..............  14,  ^'  »** 

Southport  Harbor,  Wisconsin  ..................     ?i'  f;« 

South  River,  New  Jersey  .........  !i  ••"•,  ......     ioo-o 

Stateu  Island,  channel  between,  and  New  Jersey.     1»,  ^> 
Staten  Island,  New  York,  ice-breaker  on  ........     19,  la 

Staunton  River,  Virginia,  between  Roanoke  Sta- 

tion and  Brookneal  .........................  -     3~.  215 

Stauuton  River",  Virginia,    between   Brookneal 


and  Pig  River 


Sti.'laquamish  River,  Washington  Territory  ....   113,  210 
Sturgeon  Bay  Caual,  Harbor  of   Retuge  at  en- 

trance to  ....................................  ,H'f;,= 

Stoniugton  Harbor,  Connecticut  ...............  Wi«( 

Stono  River,  South  Carolina  ...................  44,  206 

Sullivan's  Island,  South  Carolina  ...............  4  4,  2  05 

Sullivan's  River  and  Falls,  Maine  ...............      2,  14 

Sumpa  wains  Inlet,  New  York  ..........  -  ----  ---  <&,  1» 

Superior  City  Entrance,  and  dredging  in  Superior 

Bay,  Wisconsin  ..............................  t»,3K 

Susqiiehanna  River,  near  Havre  de  Grace,  Mary- 

lau,l     ......................................  •  28,  150 

Susquehanna  River,  Pennsylvania,  North  Branch 

Of  ...........................................  <J8,  2U 

Su  wane'e"  River,  Florida  ........................  JIM?? 

Swanton  Harbor,  Vermont  .....................  iu«,^i 

T. 

Tallahatchie  River,  Mississippi  .................  63,  171 

Tallapoosa  River,  Alabama  .....................  r  n  ,  ^  , 

Tangipaboa  River,  Louisiana  ..................  o»,M 

Tampa  Bay,  Florida  ...........................  49,  j.52 

Tar  River,  North  Carolina  .....................  40,191 

Taunton  River,  Massachusetts  .................  J,  loy 


292 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Tchefuncte  River,  Louisiana 60, 141 

Tchula  Lake,  Mississippi 64, 171 

Tennessee  River 77,260 

Tensas  River,  Louisiana 1)4, 142 

Thames  River,  Connecticut 12, 125 

Thunder  Bay  Harbor  ( Alpena),  Michigan 97, 158 

Tickfaw  River,  Louisiana W),  142 

Ticonderoga  River,  Now  York 107, 188 

Toledo  Havl)or,  Ohio 100,198 

Tombigbee  River,  above  Columbus,  Mississippi.  52,261 
Tombigbee  (below  Columbus)  and  Black   War- 
rior Rivers,  Alabama  and  Mississippi 52,  261 

Touawauda,  New  York,  Niagara  River  at 104,  183 

Totusky  River,  Virginia 35, 215 

Town  Creek,  North  Carolina 42,192 

Town  Creek,  South  Carolina 44, 206 

Trade  water  River,  Kentucky 83,140 

Treadhaven  Creek,  Maryland 30, 150 

Trent  River,  North  Carolina 41,  11)2 

Trinity  River,  Texas 56,210 

Two  Rivers  Harbor,  Wisconsin 89, 223 

TT. 

Umpqua  River,  Oregon 113, 199 

Union  River,  Maine 2, 148 

Upper  Columbia  and  Snake  Rivers,  Oregon  and 

Washington  Territory 111,227 

Upper  Mississippi  River,  improving,  operations 

of  snag-boats 71,232 

Upper  Willamette  River,  Oregon Ill, 199 

Urbana  Creek, Virginia 35,215 

V. 

Vermillion  Harbor,  Ohio 101,199 

Vermillion  River,  Louisiana 59, 142 

Vicksburg  Harbor,  Mississippi 58,23 

Vidalia  and  Natchez,  Mississippi 58, 237 

Volusia  Bar,  Florida 47,133 

W. 

Wabash  River,  Indiana  and  Illinois 84,260 

Waccamaw  River,  South  Carolina 43,261 

Waddingtou  Harbor,  New  York 107,188 

Wappoo  Cut,  South  Carolina ." 44, 206 


Wareham  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

Washington  and  Georgetown  Harbors,  District 
of  Columbia 

Washington,  District  of  Columbia,  improvement 
of  Potomac  River  in  vicinity  of 

Washington  Harbor,  North  Carolina 

Wateree  River,  South  Carolina 

Water  passage  between  Deal's  Island  and  Little 
Deal'slsland,  Maryland.  Lower  Thoroughfare. 

Water  passage  between  Deal's  Island  and  the 
Mainland,  Maryland.  Upper  Thoroughfare  .. 

Waukfgan  Harbor,  Illinois 

Welllleet  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

Wells  Harbor,  Maine 

Westport  Harbor  and  Cedar  Point,  Connecti- 
cut   11, 

Whitehall  Harbor,  New  York,  improving  en- 
trance of 

White  River  Harbor,  Michigan 

White  River,  Indiana 

White  River,  Missouri  and  Arkansas 

Wickford  Harbor,  Rhode  Island 

Wicomico  River,  Maryland 

Willamette  (Lower)  and  Columbia  rivers  from 
Portland,  Oregon,  to  the  sea 

Wilmington  Harbor,  California 

Wilmington  Harbor,  Delaware 

Wilson  Harbor,  New  York 

Wiuipissiogce,  Lake.  \e.w  Hampshire 

Wisconsin  and  Fox  Rivers,  improvement  of 

Withlacoochee  River,  Florida 

Woodbridge  Creek,  New  Jersey 

Woodbury  Creek,  New  Jersey 

Wood's  Holl  Harbor,  Massachusetts 

Worton  Harbor,  Maryland 

Wrecks  in  Delaware  Breakwater  Harbor,  re- 
moval of 


Page. 
9, 157 


33, 224 


33 

40, 192 

42, 206 

30,  14S» 

30 

91, 137 
9, 158 
4,148 


122, 126 

107, 188 
95, 108 
85, 138 
66,119 
11,205 
31,151 

110,200 

10!),  121 

25, 129 

104,180 

4.  173 

91,218 

54, 133 

20, 176 

25 

9,  158 
31, 151 

28,127 


Y. 

Yadkin  River,  North  Carolina 41,192 

Yallabusha  River,  Mississippi 64, 171 

Ya quiii a  Hay,  Oregon,  entrance  to 112,200 

Yazoo  River,  Mississippi 63, 171 

Yellowstone  River 70, 262 

York  River, Virginia 35,215 


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•  2-month  loans  may  be  renewed  by  calling 
(510)642-6753 

•  1-year  loans  may  be  recharged  by  bringing 
books  to  NRLF 

•  Renewals  and  recharges  may  be  made  4 
days  prior  to  due  date. 

DUE  AS  STAMPED  BELOW 


NOV  03  1999 


U.  C.  CCHK.ELEY 


12.000(11/95) 


